简介：本研究观察VEGFA、VEGFC及其受体和angiopoietin-1、angiopoietin-2及其受体在发育第3-12周人胚胎卵黄囊血岛、主动脉-生殖腺-中肾(AGM)区的表达.在征得意外流产孕妇同意并签字后,收集其意外流产的受精龄第3-12周的人胚胎,用4%多聚甲醛固定,石蜡包埋切片,HE和免疫组织化学染色,光镜观察.结果表明:第21-25天人胚卵黄囊血岛血管内皮细胞和造血细胞强表达VEGFA及其受体flt1和flk-1,VEGFC及其受体flt4,angiopoietin-2及其受体Tie-2蛋白;弱表达angiopoietin-1蛋白.背主动脉和中肾于发育第4周开始表达上述各种因子及其受体,免疫阳性反应物集中在大而圆、有核的造血细胞.阳性细胞的数量到第7周到达高峰.8周以后,阳性细胞数量显著减少,到12周几乎所有的血细胞为免疫阴性反应.生殖腺主要在第6-8周表达VEGFA,flt1,flt4,angiopoietin-1,angiopoietin-2和Tie-2蛋白,但不表达VEGFC和flk-1.在AGM区的血管内皮细胞未检测到上述各因子的表达.结论:人胚胎卵黄囊血岛造血细胞和内皮细胞以及背主动脉和中肾共表达多种与血管发生和血液发生相关的因子.人胚内造血发生于第4周.
简介：目的：探讨Angiopoietin-2和Tie-2在人乳腺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法：应用免疫组织化学法检测乳腺癌组织和正常乳腺组织中Angiopoietin-2和Tie-2的表达情况,并分析其与临床病理学特征及预后间的相关性。结果：Angiopoietin-2在乳腺癌和正常乳腺组织中的阳性表达率分别为80.99%（98/121）、10.53%（4/38）,Tie-2在乳腺癌和正常乳腺组织中的阳性表达率分别为75.21%（91/121）、15.79%（6/38）,乳腺癌中Angiopoietin-2和Tie-2的阳性表达率均显著高于正常乳腺组织（P〈0.05）。Angiopoietin-2、Tie-2的表达与病理分期、腋窝淋巴结转移及预后相关（P〈0.05）。结论：Angiopoietin-2和Tie-2在乳腺癌组织中呈高表达,其可能成为预测乳腺癌发生发展及预后的生物标志物。
简介：AbstractBackground:Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) is a type of endothelial growth factor involved in angiogenesis and vascular remodeling. Circulating Ang-2 levels are elevated in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum Ang-2 levels and coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients without obstructive CAD.Methods:A total of 125 patients with angina in the absence of obstructive CAD were included in this cross-sectional study. Coronary flow reserve (CFR) was measured in the distal left anterior descending coronary artery by trans-thoracic Doppler echocardiography. The patients were divided into the following two sub-groups according to CFR: the impaired CFR group with CFR values <2.5 and the preserved CFR group with CFR values ≥2.5. Serum Ang-2 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Independent predictors for impaired CFR were identified by binary logistic regression analysis. The receiver-operating characteristic curve was determined to evaluate the ability of serum Ang-2 in predicting impaired CFR.Results:We found that age, percentage of female sex, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels, Ang-2 levels (763.3 ± 264.9 vs. 579.7 ± 169.3 pg/mL, P < 0.001), and the left atrial volume index were significantly higher in patients with impaired CFR than in patients with preserved CFR. Serum Ang-2 levels were negatively correlated with CFR (r = -0.386, P < 0.001). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that Ang-2 (odds ratio: 1.004, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.001-1.006, P = 0.003) and age (odds ratio: 1.088, 95% CI: 1.023-1.156, P = 0.007) were independently associated with impaired CFR. Furthermore, Ang-2 was a significant predictor of impaired CFR on the receiver-operating characteristic curve (P < 0.001). The area under the curve was 0.712 (95% CI: 0.612-0.813).Conclusions:High serum Ang-2 levels are independently associated with impaired CFR in patients with angina in the absence of obstructive CAD.
简介：BACKGROUND:Epidemiologicstudieshaveindicatedthattheincidenceofstrokeinpremenopausalfemalesislowerthaninmalesatthesameage,butitsignificantlyrisesinpostmenopausalfemales.Estrogenisusedclinicallytoalleviateinjurycausedbycerebralischemia.Ithasbeenhypothesizedthattheneuroprotectiveroleofestrogenrelatestoangiopoietin(Angpt),whichplaysanimportantroleinvascularization,vascularremodelingandmaturation.OBJECTIVE:Toobserveandvalidatetheeffectofestradiolonangiopoietin-1(Angpt1)mRNAexpressioninovariectomizedratswithfocalcerebralischemiaafterreperfusion,soastoexplorethemolecularmechanismsofestradiol-mediatedprotectionfromcerebralischemicdamage.DESIGN,TIMEANDSETTING:Randomized,controlled,molecularbiology,prospectiveanimalstudy.TheexperimentwasperformedattheCentralLaboratoryofChongqingMedicalUniversityfromSeptembertoDecember2005.MATERIALS:Fiftyhealthyfemalewildtype(WT)ratsaged6monthsandfiftyfemaleratsaged6monthswithknockoutoftheestrogen-alphareceptorgene(ERKO).METHODS:WTratsandERKOratsweredividedintoestradiolandcontrolgroups(n=25),andinjectedin-tramuscularlywithestradiolbenzoate(100μg/kgperday)orcornoil(1mL/kgperday)for7days,30daysafterbilateralovariectomy.Ratmodelsofcerebralischemia/reperfusionwereestablishedwiththemiddlecerebralarteryocclusionmethod.After30minutesofmiddlecerebralarteryocclusion,ratsfromtheestradiolandcontrolgroupswereinjectedintramuscularlywithestradiolbenzoateorcornoilattheabovedose.MAINOUTCOMEMEASURES:Weusedradio-immunityanalysisandlaser-Dopplerflowmetrytomeasureplasmaestradiollevelsandchangesincerebralbloodflow.WeusedimmunohistochemicalstainingofCD34epitopestomeasurechangesinthecapillarydensityinbrainfollowingcerebralischemia/reperfusion,andquantitativeRT-PCRanalysistoassessmRNAexpressionlevelsofAngpt1,Angpt2,Tie2,vascu
简介：【摘要】：集体备课活动是现代教学中不可或缺的重要内容，说课是集体备课中的重要环节，通过有效措施提高教师说课水平，达到提升集体备课效果的目的，从而整体提高课堂教学质量。
简介：二次根式(a~2)~(1|2)和((a~2)~(1|2))有什么区别吗?主要表现在下面三个方面:1．读法不同．(a~2)~(1|2)读作根号a的平方,而((a~2)~(1|2))读作括号根号a括号的平方．2．表示的意义不同．(a~2)~(1|2)是求a~2。的算术平方根．((a~2)~(1|2))求的是a的算术平方根的平方．一个表示求一
简介：Twonewdicyanamidecoordinationpolymers,{Mn(dmpz)[N(CN)2]2}2(1)and{Cu(dmpz)[N(CN)2]2}2(2)(dmpz=3,5-dimethylpyrazole),weresynthesizedandcharacterizedbysinglecrystalX-raydiffractionanalysisandIRspectroscopy.In1and2themetalionshavetwodifferentcoordinationmodes,whereoneiscoordinatedtofourdicyanamideanionsandtwomonodentatedmpzmoleculestoformaslightlydistortedoctahedralgeometry,whiletheotheradoptsoctahedralgeometry,surroundedbyfournitrileNatomsandtwoamideNatomsofthedicyanamideanions.Bothcomplexescontaintwoalternatingchainsthatareparalleltoeachother.
简介：Hypersubstitutions是印射操作符号到相应arities的术语的地图砰。他们作为使ahyperidentity和归纳的概念精确到M-hyperidentities的一个方法被介绍。每身份作为亢奋的身份在满足的一个变化被称为固体。如果每身份是为子集Mof的M-hyperidentity所有亢奋的替换的集合，变化被称为M固体。在亢奋的替换的单音的标志和一种给定的类型的代数学的所有变化的格子的潜水艇格子之间有一个Galois连接。因此，知道怎么有趣、有用半组或在到M固体变化的相应格子的性质的这个Galois连接下面的亢奋的替换转移的单音的标志性质ofmonoids。在这篇论文，我们学习类型(2,2)的eachhypersubsfitution的顺序，即，周期的subsemigroup的顺序由类型的所有亢奋的替换的单音的标志的thathypersubstitution产生了(2，2)。主要结果是顺序是1，2，3，4或无限。
简介：在本期的“课例大家评”中,我们刊登了同一课题下的6篇课例供大家点评.2001年第4期,我刊登出了“直线方程的一般形式(第一课时)”课例的征稿启事.截止4月30日,我们收到课例来稿百余篇.这6篇课例就是从这些应征稿件中遴选出来的.为了便于大家点评,我们将6篇课例按学生学习状况的优、中、差分为三组,每组有2篇课例.在撰写点评稿时,您可以对6篇课例进行总评,也可以就学生学习状况相当的两篇课例进行评析,还可以对某一课例做单独的评议.总之,点评的内容应相对集中,以便于编者对稿件进行选择和组构.文稿字数以1000字左右为宜,截稿日期为9月10日.投稿时请在信封左下方注明“课例大家评”字样.欢迎广大数学教师和教研工作者积极参与本次“课例大家评”活动,我们将以较大篇幅集中发表观点新颖、论述深刻、对教学具有较强启发性的优秀来稿.在此,我们还特别对提供“直线方程的一般形式”课例的所有老师表示衷心的感谢.
简介：ThesplittingofpotentialenergylevelsforgroundstateX2ΠgofOx2(x=+1,1)underspin–orbitcoupling(SOC)hasbeencalculatedbyusingthespin–orbit(SO)multi-configurationquasi-degenerateperturbationtheory(SO-MCQDPT).TheirMurrell–Sorbie(M–S)potentialfunctionsaregained,andthenthespectroscopicconstantsforelectronicstates2Π1/2and2Π3/2arederivedfromtheM–Sfunction.TheverticalexcitationenergiesforOx2(x=+1,1)areν[O+12(2Π3/2→X2Π1/2)]=195.652cm1,andν[O12(2Π1/2→X2Π3/2)]=182.568cm1,respectively.Allthespectroscopicdataforelectronicstates2Π1/2and2Π3/2aregivenforthefirsttime.
简介：ThecrystalstructureofDi-nitratobis（ethylcaprolactam）uranyl（Ⅱ）UO2[CH2（CH2）4CONC2H5]2（NO3）2wasestablishedbyasingle-crystalX-raydiffractionstudy.Itistriclinie,spacegroupP1,witha=7.171（2）,b=8.655（3）,c=10.182（5）A,α=78.27（3）,β=70.63（3）,γ=81.76（3）°,V=581.7（4）A3,Z=l,Dc=1.94g.cm-3.FinalRvalueis0.0218.Theresultrevealsthaturanylioniscoordinatedtosixoxygenatoms,twoofthemarefromtwocarbonylgroupsofethylcaprolactamandtheotherfourarefromtwonitrategroups.
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![Two New Dicyanamide Coordination Polymers with Alternating Parallel Chains： {Mn（dmpz）[N（CN）<b style='color:red'>2</b>]<b style='color:red'>2</b>}<b style='color:red'>2</b> and {Cu（dmpz）[N（CN）<b style='color:red'>2</b>]<b style='color:red'>2</b>}<b style='color:red'>2</b>](/image/thesis11 "Two New Dicyanamide Coordination Polymers with Alternating Parallel Chains： {Mn（dmpz）[N（CN）<b style='color:red'>2</b>]<b style='color:red'>2</b>}<b style='color:red'>2</b> and {Cu（dmpz）[N（CN）<b style='color:red'>2</b>]<b style='color:red'>2</b>}<b style='color:red'>2</b>")
![CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF DI - NITRATOBIS（ETHYLCAPROLACTAM）URANYL（Ⅱ） UO<b style='color:red'>2</b>[CH<b style='color:red'>2</b>（CH<b style='color:red'>2</b>）4CONC<b style='color:red'>2</b>H5]<b style='color:red'>2</b>（NO3）<b style='color:red'>2</b>](/image/thesis18 "CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF DI - NITRATOBIS（ETHYLCAPROLACTAM）URANYL（Ⅱ） UO<b style='color:red'>2</b>[CH<b style='color:red'>2</b>（CH<b style='color:red'>2</b>）4CONC<b style='color:red'>2</b>H5]<b style='color:red'>2</b>（NO3）<b style='color:red'>2</b>")
