简介：Variousworkhardeningmechanisms,onthebasisoftheircharacteris-tics,areclassifiedintotwocategories:thepile-uphardeningandthetanglehardening.Togetherwithadiscussionabouttheexperimentalinvestigationsofworkhardening,thedescriptionsforthosetwobasichardeningmechanismsaresuggested,respectively.Combiningthesedescriptions,anewsinglecrystalhardeninglawisproposed,whichcanbeusedtodescribeworkhardening,particularlythecyclichardeningofacrystalgraininapolycrystallinematerial.Furthermore,somerelevantdiscussiononthenewsinglecrystalhardeninglawisalsomadeinthispaper.

简介：Thearticlepresentsanexplicitlystraightforwardformulationofthestationaryanddynamicbehaviourofapressurereliefvalve(PRV).Thisincludesananalyticalsolutionforthestaticp-Q-characteristic,thestepandharmonicresponseandastabilitycriterionusingelementaryoperationsonly.Italsomathematicallyprovestheintrinsicconnectionbetweenthegradientofthestaticp-Q-characteristicandthestability.Thus,thenewmethodoffersfourmainadvantages.

简介：在这份报纸，相对由液体的稳固的粒子的液体暂停的水动力学的理论途径和试验性的调查结果被报导并且讨论。为单个粒子硬币系统，优点和众所周知的实验关联的可能的差错被讨论。为二进制固体的混合暂停，试验性的证据被考察，能够成功地描述的途径观察到行为被报导。

简介：Bymeansofreasonableassumptionandmathematicalderivation,atheoreticexpressionofflowrateforasinglefracturewithlinearlyvaryingwidthwasobtained.Themathematicalderivationwasbasedonthecubiclawandthenewtheoreticexpressionwasanextentionoftraditionalparallelplatemodel.Thisstudymayhelptoanalyzeseepageinfracturedrockmass.

简介：ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｎ１９７３，Ｗｉｎｆｒｅｆｉｒｓｔｄｉｓｃｏｖｅｒｅｄｔｈｅｔｈｒｅ＿ｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌｓｃｒｏｌｗａｖｅｉｎｔｈｅＢｅｌｏｕｓｏｖ＿Ｚｈａｂｏｔｉｎｓｋｙｒｅａｇｅｎｔ．Ｉｎ１９８３，Ｗｅｌｓｈｓｈｏｗｅｄｔｈｅｅｘｉ...

简介：为粒子形态学和对使流体化床的动力学的描述的球状和Zingg因素的比较被介绍。它被发现那Zingg因素Fz=LH/B2(在分别地，L，H和B是一个粒子的长度，宽度和高度的地方)很好描述粒子形态学的效果。试验性的结果证明非球形的粒子给以压力落下同样与球形的粒子相比优秀的使流体化的穷人，Umf，等等。与一样的卷等价物直径，非球形的粒子有更低的Umf和使流体化的系数。一些光滑的曲线在参数，Umf和Fz之间被获得了。使液化的质量能被使流体化评估系数，它在这份报纸被相关到Zingg因素和最小的使流体化速度。

简介：Bifurcationswithconstraintsareopenproblemsappearedinresearchonperiodicbifurcationsofnonlineardynamicalsystems,butthepresentsingularitytheorydoesn'tcontainanyanalyticalmethodsandresultsaboutit.Asthecomplementtosingularitytheoryandthefirststeptostudyonconstrainedbifurcations,herearegiventhetransitionsetsandpersistentperturbedbifurcationdiagramsof10elementarybifurcationofcodimensionnomorethanthree.

简介：Effectofstackingstructureofsingle-walledcarbonnanotubes（SWCNTs）onitsperformanceaselectrodeofsupercapacitorwasinvestigatedinthepresentwork.ConsideringSWCNTseasilyformedbundlesduetostrongvandeWaalsattractionbetweentubes,weproposedfirstdispersionofSWCNTsbyionicliquids（ILs）of1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumtetrafluoroborate（EMIMBF4）,followedbyfabricationofbuckypaperbycompression.ThedebundlingeffectofILsonSWCNTsincreasedtheinterfacebetweenelectrodeandelectrolyte,decreasedelectricalresistance,and,consequently,increasedperformanceofthesupercapacitor.SinceILs,usedtodisperseSWCNTs,alsofunctionedaselectrolyteinsupercapacitor,ourmethodisasimplewaytopreparebuckypaperelectrodewithhighperformance.

简介：Analgorithmforintegratingtheconstitutiveequationsinthermalframeworkispresented,inwhichtheplasticdeformationgradientischosenastheintegrationvariable.Comparedwiththeclassicalgorithm,akeyfeatureofthisnewapproachisthatitcandescribethefinitedeformationofcrystalsunderthermalconditions.Theobtainedplasticdeformationgradientcontainsnotonlyplasticdeformationbutalsothermalefects.Thegoverningequationfortheplasticdeformationgradientisobtainedbasedonthermalmultiplicativedecompositionofthetotaldeformationgradient.Animplicitmethodisusedtointegratethisevolutionequationtoensurestability.Singlecrystal1100aluminumisinvestigatedtodemonstratepracticalapplicationsofthemodel.Theefectsofanisotropicproperties,timestep,strainrateandtemperaturearecalculatedusingthisintegrationmodel.

简介：Basedonatomicforcemicroscopytechnique,wefoundthatthechondrocytesexhibitsstressrelaxationbehavior.Weexploredthemechanismofthisstressrelaxationbehaviorandconcludedthattheintracellularfluidexudingoutfromthecellsduringdeformationplaysthemostimportantroleinthestressrelaxation.Weappliedtheinversefiniteelementanalysistechniquetodeterminenecessarymaterialparametersforporohyperelastic(PHE)modeltosimulatestressrelaxationbehaviorasthismodelisprovencapableofcapturingthenon-linearbehaviorandthefluid-solidinteractionduringthestressrelaxationofthesinglechondrocytes.ItisobservedthatPHEmodelcanpreciselycapturethestressrelaxationbehaviorofsinglechondrocytesandwouldbeasuitablemodelforcellbiomechanics.

简介：一个各向异性的micromechanics模型基于相等的包括方法被开发调查基于Ni的单个水晶superalloys的rafting方向。micromechanical模型考虑实际立方的结构和直角的anisotropy性质。当适用时，在micromechanical模型的不同包括的von协定压力，有弹性的紧张精力密度，和静水力学的压力被计算一张力或压缩装载[001]方向。计算结果能成功地为展出的合金预言rafting方向一积极或否定失配，它与能接受的试验性、理论的研究一致。而且，矩阵的有弹性的经常的差别和失配度并且猛抛rafting方向上的阶段和他们的影响小心地被讨论。

简介：射击peening是由在金属性的材料的表面附近产生压缩剩余应力增加疲劳生活和抵抗到腐蚀疲劳的一个广泛地使用的表面处理方法，裂开，等等。压缩剩余应力和凹部侧面是重要因素评估射击peening过程的有效性。在这份报纸，最大的压缩剩余应力和凹部的最大的深度上的无尺寸的参数的影响被调查。第一，处理影响最大的压缩剩余压力和凹部的最大的深度的参数的无尺寸的关系被维的分析方法推出。第二，无尺寸的变量上的每个无尺寸的参数的影响被有限元素方法调查。而且，相关实验公式基于模拟结果为每个无尺寸的参数被给。最后，比较被做，好同意在模拟结果和实验公式之间被发现，它证明一条有用途径为分析每个单个参数的影响在这份报纸被提供。

简介：BasedontheZufiriatheoreticalmodel,anewmodelregardingtheasymptoticbubblevelocityfortheRayleigh-Taylor(RT)instabilityispresentedbyuseofthecomplexvelocitypotentialproposedbySohn.TheproposedmodelisanextensionoftheordinaryZufiriamodelandcandealwithnon-idealfluids.Withthecontrolvariablemethod,theeffectoftheviscosityandsurfacetensiononthebubblegrowthrateoftheRTinstabilityisstudied.TheresultisconsistentwithCao’sresultifweonlyconsidertheviscouseffectandwithXia’sresultifweonlyconsiderthesurfacetensioneffect.TheasymptoticbubblevelocitypredictedbytheZufiriamodelissmallerthanthatpredictedbytheLayzermodel,andtheresultfromtheZufiriamodelismuchclosertoWhite’sexperimentaldata.

简介：Investigationsontheinterconnectionbetweenthepolarizationrotationandcrackpropagationareperformedfor[110]-oriented74Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-26PbTiO3relaxorferroelectricsinglecrystalunderelectricloadingsalong[001]direction.ThecrystalisofpredominantlymonoclinicMAphasewithscatterdistributedrhombohedral(R)phaseunderamoderatepolingfieldof900V/mmin[001]direction.Withmagnitudeof800V/mm,athroughthicknesscrackisinitiatedneartheelectrodebyelectriccycling.Staticelectricloadingsisthenimposedtothesinglecrystal.Astheappliedstaticelectricfieldincreases,domainswitchinginthemonoclinicMAphaseandphasetransitionfromMAtoRphaseoccurnearthecrack.Theresultsindicatethatthecrackfeaturesaconductingone.Whetherdomainswitchingorphasetransitionoccursdependsontheintensityoftheelectricfieldcomponentthatisperpendiculartotheappliedelectricfield.

简介：Basedonenergyequilibrium,anewprocedurecalledtheMembraneFactorMethodisdevel-opedtoanalyzethedynamicplasticresponseofplateswithdeflectionsintherangewherebothbendingmo-mentsandmembraneforcesareimportant.Thefinaldeflectionofasimply-supportedcircularrigid-plasticplateloadedbyauniformlydistributedimpulseisobtained.Incomparisonwithotherapproximatesolutions,thepresentresultsarefoundtobesimplerandinbetteragreementwiththecorrespondingexperimentalvaluesreoordedbyFlorence.

简介：Themainpurposeofthisstudyistosurveynumericallycomparisonoftwophaseandsinglephaseofheattransferandflowfieldofcopper-waternanofluidinawavychannel.Thecomputationalfluiddynamics(CFD)predictionisusedforheattransferandflowpredictionofthesinglephaseandthreedifferenttwo-phasemodels(mixture,volumeoffluid(VOF),andEulerian).Theheattransfercoefficient,temperature,andvelocitydistributionsareinvestigated.Theresultsshowthatthedifferencesbetweenthetemperaturefieldinthesinglephaseandtwo-phasemodelsaregreaterthanthoseinthehydrodynamicfield.Also,itisfoundthattheheattransfercoefficientpredictedbythesinglephasemodelisenhancedbyincreasingthevolumefractionofnanoparticlesforallReynoldsnumbers;whileforthetwo-phasemodels,whentheReynoldsnumberislow,increasingthevolumefractionofnanoparticleswillenhancetheheattransfercoefficientinthefrontandthemiddleofthewavychannel,butgraduallydecreasealongthewavychannel.

简介：

简介：Inthisworktypicalmechanicalpropertiesforacatalystsupportmaterial,ZSM5(aspray-driedgranularzeolite),havebeenmeasuredinordertorelatethebulkbehaviourofthepowdermaterialtothesingleparticlemechanicalproperties.Particleshapeandsizedistributionofthepowders,determinedbylaserdiffractionandscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),confirmedthesphericalshapeofthespray-driedparticles.TheexcellentflowabilityofthematerialwasassessedbytypicalmethodssuchastheHausnerratioandtheCarrindex.Thiswasconfirmedbybulkmeasurementsoftheparticle-particleinternalfrictionparameterandflowfunctionusingaSchulzeshearcell,whichalsoillustratedthelowcompressibilityofthematerial.SingleparticlecompressionwasusedtocharacterizesingleparticlemechanicalpropertiessuchasreducedelasticmodulusandstrengthfromHertzcontactmechanicstheory.Comparisonwithsurfacepropertiesobtainedfromnanoindentationsuggestsheterogeneity,thesurfacebeingharderthanthecore.Inordertoevaluatetherelationshipbetweensingleparticlemechanicalpropertiesandbulkcompressionbehaviour,uniaxialconfinedcompressionwascarriedout.ItwasdeterminedthattheAdamsmodelwassuitablefordescribingthebulkcompressionandfurthermorethattheAdamsmodelparameter,apparentstrengthofsingleparticles,wasingoodagreementwiththesingleparticlestrengthdeterminedfromsingleparticlecompressiontest.

简介：这份报纸用单个万向节的控制时刻旋转罗盘(CMG)和磁性的torquers(MTQ)集中于小活泼的卫星的态度控制问题。因为他们的转矩扩大能力，CMG为活泼的卫星被认为是有效转矩发电机。然而，他们由于他们的复杂内部机制对失败脆弱。在这份报纸，CMG的不同失败盒子被分析。灵活失败容忍的控制策略被自动地在操作CMG和MTQ之中再分配要求的控制转矩开发，与提供CMG失败介绍的致动器动力学变化的可变limiter。关于在不同失败盒子下面的不同方向的演习的表演也被讨论并且检验。数字模拟证明建议策略在一或二CMG失败的情况中维持某些活泼。而且，有仅仅离开的一CMG的幸存策略也被验证。指太阳的稳定和指地球的稳定能在这种情况中被完成，它完成一些基本使命要求。

简介：AnanostructuredNiAPSO-34catalystwashydrothermallysynthesizedandtheeffectofthetemplate（diethylamine（DEA）,tetraethylammoniumhydroxide（TEAOH）andDEA/TEAOH）onthephysicochemicalpropertiesandcatalyticperformanceinthemethanoltoolefin（MTO）reactionwasinvestigated.ThesampleswerecharacterizedbyX-raydiffraction,fieldemissionscanningelectronmicroscopy（FESEM）,particlesizedistributionanalysis,energy-dispersiveX-rayspectroscopy,Brunauer-Emmett-TelleranalysisandFouriertransforminfraredspectroscopy.TheX-raydiffractionpatternsindicatedahighercrystallinityandlargercrystallitesizeforthecatalystsynthesizedusingtheDEAtemplate.TheFESEMresultsindicatedthatthenatureofthetemplatecouldaffectthemorphologyofthenanostructuredNiAPSO-34catalystbecauseofitseffectontherateofcrystalgrowth.ThecatalyticperformanceofthesampleswasstudiedintheMTOreactionatatmosphericpressureandaspacevelocityof4200cm3/(gh-1)inafixedbedreactor.ThestabilityandactivityoftheNiAPSO-34catalystwereimprovedusingtheDEAtemplatebecauseofitshighercrystallinity,surfaceareaandthegreaterextentofNiincorporationintoitsframework.ThepossiblestagesofsynthesisandthereactionmechanismfortheMTOprocessoverNiAPSO-34arediscussedindetail.