简介：Usingthesingleparticletheoryandthenon--flexibilitycollisionmodelofelectronandphoton,theinfluenceoftheuncapturedelectronsontheenergyconversionefficiencyofmulti--photonnonlinearComptonscatteringintheextrastationarylaser--plasmaisinvestigated.Itshowsthatinextrastationarylaser—plasma,theuncapturedelectronsmaketheAtoofthescatteringfrequencyofthemulti--photonComptonfalldownwiththeincreasesoftheincidentradiationelectronspeed,thematerialsoftheincidentcollisionofelectronandphoton,andthenumberofthephotonswhichworkwiththeelectronsatthesametime.Underthemodulationoftheuncapturedelectronstothelaserfield,theenergyconversionefficiencybetweenelectronsandphotonswillfalldownwiththeincreaseoftheelectronincidentradiationspeed,usingthelow--powerelectronsforincidentsource,thelosscanbeefficientlyreduced.

简介：用在高精力的电子和热放射光子之间散布的反的康普顿的模型，散布高精力的电子的多光子康普顿上的散发热的光子的影响被学习。精力损失，力量损失，轻抵抗和光热形成的高精力的电子迫使放射的结果表演都与电子的真空洞的温度T4成正比，Lorentz因素2个高精力的电子，电子的散布的节和与高精力的电子同时行动的光子的数字。为由使用在高精力的电子和热放射光子之间散布的一个光子康普顿减少高精力的电子的精力损失的一个好方法被建议。

简介：Themediumaccesscontrol(MAC)protocolforindoorvisiblelightcommunication(VLC)withenergyharvestingisexploredinthispaper.Theunfairnessofthroughputexistsamongdevicesduetothesignificantdifferenceoftheirenergyharvestingrateswhichchangeswithdistance,acceptanceangleandtheobstructionprobability.Weproposeanenergyharvestingmodel,anewobstructionprobabilitymodelandanenergyadaptivecontentionalgorithmtoovercometheunfairnessproblem.Thisdevicecanadjustitscontentionwindowaccordingtotheenergyharvestingrate.Asaresult,thedevicewithlowerenergyharvestingratecangetshortercontentionwindowtoimproveitstransmissionopportunity.SimulationresultsshowthatourMACprotocolcanachieveahigherdegreeoffairness.

简介：Sincedecades,theglobalelectricitydemandshowsonlyonedirection:aconsiderableconstantincreaseeveryyear.Buttheunlimitedgrowthinenergyconsumptionisdiscussedincreasinglycritical,notonlyprimarilyintermsoflimitationsbutalsointermsofmoreefficient,moreintelligent,andmoresustainableusageofenergy.Energy-efficienttechnologies(EET)andrenewableenergy

简介：AftertheFukushimadisaster,Europeanpoliticiansbegantoreassesstheenergystrategyfortheircountries.Thefocusisnowonrenewableenergysourcesandasaresultondecentralization.Thedecentralizedgeneration,storage,andofcoursetheconsumptionofenergyisthecentralpoint.Nowwiththenewdevelopmentsundertheroofofenergyturnaroundthewaybackfromthecentralizedarchitectureofourenergysystemtoamoredecentralizedoneispredetermined.Decentralizationimpliesthechangeintheroleoftoday’sconsumers.Theybecomeenergyprosumers.Thisisthebasisforthecrowdenergyconcept.Inthispositionpaperthecrowdenergyconceptisintroducedandnecessaryresearchfieldsareidentified.

简介：SmartlivinglabssuchastheonelocatedinFribourg(Switzerland)focusonimprovingwellbeingandfurtheringknowledgerelatedtobuildingthedistrictofthefutureonatechnicalandsociallevel.Therefore,smartlivinglabsrepresentanexperimentalplatform/spacewheresustainableproductionandconsumptionstrategiescanbetestedinaprotectedenvironment.Asignificantchangeinthesocioeconomicproductionandconsumptionspherecanbeexpectedbytheriseoftheso-calledenergyprosumer.Accordingly,thisarticlepresentsaninteractivemodelfortheexperimentalinvestigationofenergyprosumerbehavior.Inthiscontext,twopotentialexperimentsoninvestmentandtradedecisionsarebrieflyoutlined.Since(behavioralandeconomic)experimentsareusuallyconductedundercontrolledconditionsinexperimentallabsinvolvingmainlyundergraduatestudents,thepresentedinteractivemodelisflexibleandmobile,providingtheadvantagetoconductexperimentsnearlyeverywhereinvolvingeverydaycitizens.

简介：一条高效轨道和抓住(T/H)电路设计因为高分辨率的高速度的analog-to-digital变换器(模数转换器)被介绍，它在0.18m互补金属氧化物半导体过程被实现了。一改善自举，切换体积的技术被介绍极大地在宽带宽，和增加上最小化采样网络的非线性一修改预先控告减少全部的电源消费的电路帮助。试验性的结果证明建议T/H电路以100MHz采样率完成超过77dBSFDR(假免费的动态范围)和70dBTHD(全部的泛音失真)并且当消费47mW电源时，与输入频率维持性能直到305MHz。

简介：Digitaltransformationgenerallyreferstotheprocessofchangeinbusinessandsociety,basedontheomnipresenceofsensors,networks,information,andcommunicationtechnology.Evershorterdevelopmentandinnovationcyclesareacharacteristicfeatureofthisprocess,whichiscurrentlyinfluencingallindustriesandallareasoflife,beitindustrialproduction,trade,transport,healthcare,oreducation.Theubiquityofdigitaltechnologyleadstoprofoundpolitical,economic,andsocialchanges,butalsotomultifacetedinnovations.

简介：Thedisruptionofdigitaltechnologieshasbeenarealityinmanydifferentindustrialsectorsformanyyears.Thedigitaltransformationisnowhavinganincreasingimpactontheenergysectoraswellastheso-called“smartenvironments”,e.g.bottom-to-bottomenergyprovisionmodels(crowdenergy)arenolongerjusttheorybutreality.Thedigitalagendaisdrivenbythecombineduseofaffordablesensorsandinformationandcommunicationstechnology(SICT).

简介：GuestEditorProf.Dr.StephanieTeufelUniversityofFribourgstephanie.teufel@unifr.chFromenergygenerationtotransportation,fromenergydistributiontostorage,fromsemiconductorprocessingtocommunications,andfromportabledevicestodatacenters,energyconsumptionhasgrowntobeamajorlimitationtousability

简介：Sincedecades,theglobalelectricitydemandshowsonlyonedirection:aconsiderableconstantincreaseeveryyear.Buttheunlimitedgrowthinenergyconsumptionisdiscussedincreasinglycritical,notonlyprimarilyintermsoflimitationsbutalsointermsofmoreefficient,moreintelligent,andmoresustainableusageofenergy.Energy-efficienttechnologies(EET)andrenewableenergytechnologiesarealreadyinacompetitivepositionindifferentmarkets,andtheyarealsoactively

简介：Anovellowpowerandlowvoltagecurrentmirrorwithaverylowcurrentcopyerrorispresentedandtheprincipleofitsoperationisdiscussed.Inthiscircuit,thegainboostingregulatedcascodeschemeisusedtoimprovetheoutputresistance,whileusinginverterasanamplifier.ThesimulationresultswithHSPICEinTSMC0.18umCMOStechnologyaregiven,whichverifythehighperformanceoftheproposedstructure.Simulationresultsshowaninputresistanceof0.014Ωandanoutputresistanceof3GΩ.Thecurrentcopyerrorisfavorableaslowas0.002%togetherwithaninput(theminimuminputvoltageofvin,min~0.24V)andanoutput(theminimumoutputvoltageofvout,min~0.16V)complianceswhileworkingwiththe1Vpowersupplyandthe50uAinputcurrent.Thecurrentcopyerrorisnearzeroattheinputcurrentof27uA.Itconsumesonly76uWandintroducesaverylowoutputoffsetcurrentof50pA.

简介：对数的反应互补金属氧化物半导体(互补金属氧化物半导体)图象传感器提供一个宽动态范围，但是它的缺点是简单固定模式噪音(FPN)的缺乏取消计划。设计与高有活力的范围和高输出秋千是一个新奇对数的活跃象素传感器(APS)。第一，混合模型APS的操作原则被介绍。象素能由选择合适的控制信号在三个操作模式工作。然后，对数的APS的FPN来源被分析，并且双sampled技术被实现减少FPN。根据模拟结果，最后，布局被设计并且过去了设计统治支票(DRC)，电子规则检查(ERC)和布局对图解(LVS)确认，和模拟以后的结果是基本上与模拟结果一致。新对数的APS的动态范围能到达大约140dB；并且产量秋千是大约750mV。结果证明由使用两倍取样的技术，大多数FPN被消除，动态范围被提高。

简介：Changingbehavioursandattitudestowardsmoresustainableindividualenergyconsumptionisadifficulttopictoaddress.Afteridentifyingthemostrecurrentfactorsinfluencingthebadenergyconsumption,society’senvironmentalshort-sightedness,alackofindividualresponsibilityandatendencytoputresponsibilityuponfirms,institutions,andgovernments,theauthorsevaluatedtheeffectthatbusinesspracticescanhaveonindividualbehaviour.Byqualifyingashighlycrediblesourcesofinformation,positioningthemselvesasexamplestofollow,andprovidingitsemployeeswiththenecessarysmartandinnovativetechnology,businesscommunitiescanhaveamajorimpactonchangingindividualbehaviourstowardsmoresustainableenergyconsumption.

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简介：Inthepastfewyears,energy-efficienttechnologiesgetmoreandmorescientificandtechnologicalinterestastheenergybottleneckstopsthe'Moore’slaw'accordingtothereportsofInternationalRoadmapforSemiconductors(ITRS).Moreover,peoplestarttotakecareseriouslyofthe

简介：Thetwo-dimensionalnumericalsimulationofenergytransportforMOSFETsispresented,inwhichtheeffectofgeneration,recombinationandtemperaturegradientofcarriersonthecharacteristicsofdevicesareconsidered.Animprovedmobilitymodelisalsoproposed.ThenumericalresultsofmicronandsubmicronMOSFETsshowthatthepresentmodelfitsexperimentverywell.

简介：Thispaperreportsawind-poweredwaterpumpingsystemimplementedinruralsideofPakistan.ThedesignmethodologypresentedinthispapershallenhancetheefficiencyoftheexistingSavoniusturbine’sperformancebymodifyingitaerodynamically.BladeswithdifferenttwistanglesaredesignedinSolidEdgeandanalyzedusingcomputationalfluiddynamics(CFD)withANSYSFLUENTsoftware.Staticandrotationalanalysesareperformedtogetoptimizedtwistangleandresultsarehighlighted.Theperformancesoftheturbineinbothstaticandrotationalanalysesarecompared.

简介：Thispaperpresentsthedesign,implementationandtestingofanembeddedsystemthatintegratessolarandstorageenergyresourcestosmarthomeswithinthesmartmicrogrid.Theproposedsystemprovidestherequiredhomeenergybyinstallingrenewableenergyandstoragedevices.Italsomanagesandschedulesthepowerflowduringpeakandoff-peakperiods.Inaddition,atwo-waycommunicationprotocolisdevelopedtoenablethehomeownersandtheutilityserviceprovidertoimprovetheenergyflowandtheconsumptionefficiency.Thesystemcanbeanintegralpartforhomesinasmartgridorsmartmicrogridpowernetworks.Aprototypefortheproposedsystemwasdesigned,implementedandtestedbyusingacontrolledloadbanktosimulateascaledrandomrealhouseconsumptionbehavior.Threedifferentscenariosweretestedandtheresultsandfindingsarereported.Moreover,dataflowsecurityamongthehome,homeownersandutilityserverisdevelopedtominimizecyber-attacks.

简介：AnanalyticalmodelhasbeendevelopedtostudyinversionlayerquantizationintheultrathinoxideMOS(metaloxidesemiconductor)structuresusingvariationandtriangularwellapproaches.Accuratemodelingoftheinversionchargedensityusingthecontinuoussurfacepotentialequationshasbeendone.Noapproximationhasbeentakentomodeltheinversionlayerquantizationprocess.TheresultsshowthatthevariationapproachdescribesinversionlayerquantizationprocessaccuratelyasitmatcheswellwiththeBSIM5(Berkeleyshortchannelinsulatedgatefieldeffecttransistormodel5)resultsmorecloselycomparedwithtriangularwellapproach.