简介:随着研究生招生观念的转变,招收的医学临床专业学位研究生的比重越来越大,对专业型研究生的培养也越来越注重实用。我们在眼科专业型研究生临床培养中,增加病房临床实践时间,特别注重典型病例的示范作用,每一个专业组都会结合自己专业的特点,将典型病例的特点从各个角度展示给广大研究生们,培养其临床诊治思辨能力,培训其显微手术技巧,从临床病历书写到记录总结,结合文献复习,拓展知识结构,锻炼专业型研究生论文书写能力,并以典型病例为基础,扩展知识覆盖面,引申注意事项及特殊病例的诊治。这套严格的培养体系,使专业型研究生能举一反三,从典型病例、重点病例中获取对该种病情的最直观的全景了解与熟悉,以最少的时间掌握最多的临床知识,丰富临床经验,为将来工作岗位中的考核打下基础。
简介:AIM:ToIntroduceanewspecializedvisualacuitychartforamblyopicchildrenaged3-5yearsoldanditsclinicalapplications.METHODS:ThenewvisualacuitychartandnotationsweredesignedbasedonWeber-Fechnerlaw.Theoptotypeswereredagainstawhitebackgroundandwerespeciallyshapedfourbasicgeometricsymbols:circle,square,triangle,andcross.Aregulargeometricprogressionoftheoptotypesizesanddistributionwasemployedtoarrangein14lines.Theprogressionrateoftheoptotypesizebetweentwolineswas1.2589andthetestingdistancewas3m.VisualacuityscorecouldberecordedaslogMARnotationordecimalnotation.Agestratifieddiagnosticcriteriaforamblyopiaestablishedbyconsensusstatementondiagnosisofamblyopia(2011)amongmembersoftheStrabismusandPediatricOphthalmologyGroup,OphthalmologySociety,ChineseMedicalAssociation(SPOGOSCMA)wereillustratedinthenewvisualacuitychart.RESULTS:Whenassessingvisualacuityinchildrenaged3-5yearsold,thisnewvisualacuitychartthatconsistsoffoursymmetricalshapes(triangle,square,cross,andcircle)overcameaninabilitytorecognizethelettersofthealphabetanddifficultiesindesignatingthedirectionofblackabstractsymbolssuchasthetumbling’E’orLandolt’C’,whichthesubjectswerepronetoloseinterestin.Thevisualacuityscoremayberecordedindifferentnotations:decimalacuityandlogMAR.Thesetwonotationscanbeeasilyconvertedeachotherintheneweyechart.Themeasurementsofthisnewchartnotonlyshowedasignificantcorrelationandagoodconsistencywiththeinternationalstandardlogarithmicvisualacuitychart(r=0.932,P<0.01),butalsoindicatedahightest-retestreliability(89%ofretestscoreswerewithin0.1logMARunitsoftheinitialtestscore).CONCLUSION:Theresultsofthisstudysupportthevalidityandreliabilityofdistancevisualacuitymeasurementsusingtheneweyechartinchildrenaged3to5yearsoverawiderangeofvisualacuities,andtheneweyechartisgreatforearl
简介:目的:探讨超声乳化术治疗特殊类型白内障的安全性和有效性。方法:回顾性分析临床资料,研究超声乳化吸出(联合)人工晶状体植入术治疗青光眼术后白内障、小瞳孔白内障、葡萄膜炎并发白内障和外伤后并发白内障等特殊类型白内障的技术要领。结果:进行治疗的73例84眼特殊类型白内障患者中,单纯行超声乳化术27例28眼,植入后房型人工晶状体52眼,植入前房型人工晶状体4眼;术后1mo平均眼压12.72±2.63mmHg,脱盲率99%,脱残率96%;并发症发生率4%。结论:特殊类型白内障手术难度大,超声乳化术切口小,可保留晶状体后囊膜和植入人工晶状体,是摘除特殊类型白内障的理想术式。
简介:AIM:Toevaluatetheefficacyofintralesionalradiofrequencyablationinthetreatmentofperiorbitalsyringomas.·METHODS:Wetriedtheintralesionalradiofrequencyablationfor64patientswithperiorbitalsyringomasfrom2007to2011.Theoperationwasperformedunder2.5loupemagnifications.Thehandpiecewasassembledwithaneedleelectrodeandconnectedtotheradiofrequencyablationapparatus.Theelectrodewastheninsertedintothetargetlesionsindermisanddeliveringinjurytothebaseofthesetumors.Resultswereassessedclinicallybycomparingpre-andpost-treatmentphotographsandpatientsatisfactionrates.·RESULTS:Clinicalimprovementincreasedwitheachsubsequenttreatmentsession.Thepercentofpatientswhoseclinicimprovementgradewere≥3aftereachsessionwasrespectively71.9%(Session1),83.3%(Session2),and100%(Session3).Thestatisticalresultsindicatedtheconcordanceoftheclinicalassessmentandthesatisfactionlevelofpatients(kappa=0.78ofthesession1;kappa=0.82ofthesession2).Themajorityofpatientshadgoodorexcellentcosmeticresults.Postoperatively,therewerenopermanentsideeffectsorrecurrences.·CONCLUSION:Asanewtechniqueofminimallyinvasion,theintralesionalradiofrequencyablationwasfoundtobeaneffective,inexpensive,highlypreciseandsafewayoftreatingperiorbitalsyringomas.