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简介：Wedemonstrateanall-fiberhigh-powerYb-doped1018nmfiberlaserwithaGaussian-shapedoutputbeamprofilebasedonamismatchedstructure,whichconsistsofapairofsingle-modefiberBragggratingsandasectionoffew-modedouble-claddinggainfiber.Theoutputpowerisupto107.5Wwithanoptical-to-opticalefficiencyof63%,andthe3dBbandis0.26nmatthispowerlevel.Suchastructureofsingle-mode–few-mode–single-modefiberoscillatorcanbeusedtogeneratehigh-powernarrow-linewidthlasingwithexcellentbeamqualityinotherspectralranges.

简介：Resultsofanexperimentalstudyontheeffectsofdifferentconcentrationsofwashloadonthesizeofbedfeaturesandresistancetoflowinalaboratoryflumearepresented.Theexperimentswerecarriedoutunderdifferenthydraulicconditionsina30mlong,0.204mwideand0.5mdeeptiltingflumeunderclearwaterconditionandinthepresenceofdifferentconcentrationofwashloadintheflow.Thebedmaterialusedconsistedofuniformsedimentofsize0.96mm.Analysisofthedataindicatesthatthecharacteristicsofthebedfeatureschangeandfrictionfactorincreasesinthepresenceofdifferentconcentrationofwashloadintheflow.Thereasonsforchangesinthecharacteristicsofthebedfeaturesandincreaseinfrictionfactorinthepresenceofwashloadareidentifiedandarelationshipforpredictingfrictionfactorinthepresenceofwashloadhasbeenestablished.

简介：Intheanalysisofhowenvironmentalregulationaffectsthecomparativeadvantageoftrade,existingliteratureignoresindustry’sinherentheterogeneity,whichdrawsremarkablydifferentconclusions.Inviewofthis,thepaperanalyzedthemechanismofenvironmentalregulationontheexportqualityofdifferentindustriesfromtheperspectiveoffactorinputstructureheterogeneity.BasedonthepaneldataofChina’smanufacturingindustry,thepaperusedthesystemgeneralizedmethodofmomentsmethodtoexaminetheheterogeneityinfluenceofenvironmentalregulationonmanufacturingexportquality.Thestudyfoundthat,first,environmentalregulationaffectedtheexportqualityupgradeofthemanufacturingsectorthroughoffseteffectandcompensationeffect,andthedirectionoftheimpactwouldmainlydependontheindustry’sfactorinputstructure.Second,forindustrieswithlargerfixed-assetinvestment(FAI)ratiointhefactorinputstructure,thecurrentenvironmentalregulationpolicywasnotconducivetotheexportqualityupgradingoftheindustries.However,therewasasignificantU-shapeddynamicrelationshipbetweenthem.Asenvironmentalregulationsbecamestricter,whenregulatorystringencywentbeyondtheinflectionpoint,thepolicywouldpromotetheupgradingofexportquality.ButforindustrieswithsmallerproportionofFAI,environmentalregulationexertedafavorableimpactontheexportqualityupgrade,followingaJ-shapedmarginalgrowthcurve.Third,forindustrieswithdifferentfactorinputstructure,theirexportqualityhadbeeneffectivelyupgradedasexpectedbyfactorslikehumancapitalinvestment,independentR&D,technologyintroduction,andforeigndirectinvestment;butraisingpercapitacapitalstockandexpandingenterprisesizedidnotproducesignificantdirectimpactonexportqualityupgrade.Theseconclusionsremainedrobustafterusingdifferentmeasurementmethodsandreplacingwithothervariables.Therefore,thispapersuggeststhatgovernmentsshouldt

简介：在CDQ(科克干燥熄灭)柄，有复杂结构的发泄帽子在冷却室下面在锥形的漏斗被安装。它行动介绍冷却气体并且在房间支持下降焦炭。设计和发泄帽子目的安装，到得到相对一致的煤气的分发在插头减少焦炭的温度变化并且认识到CDQ的稳定的操作仪器。在这篇论文，在1:7规模CDQ试验性的柄的发泄帽子的气体的狂暴的流动被使用CFD(计算液体动力学)数字地模仿软件，CFX。速度地，插头流动分发和在三种发泄帽子(叫的高发泄帽子，低发泄帽子和椭圆形的发泄帽子)下面的每个插头的压力落下因素被分析并且比较。结果生产椭圆形的发泄帽子的压力落下因素比另外的二发泄帽子大，并且高发泄帽子和低发泄帽子的压力落下因素几乎有一样的价值。当时为一顶指定发泄帽子，没有压，有压砖的压力落下因素比那大砖。在这篇论文的工作为为大规模CDQ柄设计发泄帽子是珍贵的。

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简介：Fromtheperspectiveoftourismcompetitiveness,thepapertakes12islandcountiesofChinaastheresearchobject,andappliesthemethodoffactoranalysistostudytheircompetitiveness.TheresultshowsthatPutuoandDinghaiaremorecompetitivewhilePingtanandNan’aoarelesscompetitive.Finally,the12islandcountiesaredividedintofourstyles:first-classcompetitivecounty(Putuo),seond-classcompetitivecounties(Dinghai,Yuhuan),third-classcompetitivecounties(Chongming,Daishan,Changdao,ChanghaiandShengsi),fourth-classcompetitivecounties(Dongshan,Dongtou,PingtanandNan’ao)byclusteranalysis.Theclassificationofislandcountiesistocleartheirrelativeposition,thentopromotetheirdevelopment.

简介：在这份报纸，三存在来源光谱为地面运动的随机的有限差错的建模的模型被考察。这三个模型被用来从一个垂直差错和平均数在一个地点计算远地的收到的精力光谱在Northridge地震的15个车站上的比率，然后比较。从比较，一项必要措施被观察维持subfault尺寸的远地的收到的精力独立人士并且避免overestimation长时期光谱水平。二改进被做到三个模型之一(即，模型基于动态角落频率)如下：(i)计算subfault角落频率的一个新方法被建议，在subfault角落频率基于从取决于的全部差错和增长的全部的地震时刻计算的基本价值是坚定的的地方，地震时刻分到subfault；并且(ii)从每subfault的放射精力的差别被考虑进可伸缩的因素。改进模型也与通过远地的收到的精力和平均数的未耕过的模型相比光谱比率。比较证明改进模型允许收到的精力比未耕过的模型更独立于subfault尺寸，并且减少overestimation度长时期光谱振幅。

简介：One-dimensionalringpowersystemisdiscreditedtoanumberofnodeseachcontainingageneratorwithinternalreactanceandloadbranchofresistanceandreactancewithacertainpowerfactor.Whenadisturbanceoccursatanymachineinthepowersystem,simulativeanalysisisperformedtoverifyhowthevariationofloadpowerfactoraffectingthebehaviorofelectromechanicalwavepropagationbyusingtheMATLABpackage,fromwhichdifferentsituationsarepresentedanddiscussed.Theseresultsshowthetypeofloadhasnoeffectonthebehaviorofelectromechanicalwavepropagation.

简介：ＭＯＤＩＦＩＥＤＩＮＴＥＧＲＡＬ－ＦＡＣＴＯＲＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＳＴＥＡＤＹＣＯＮＶＥＣＴＩＯＮ－ＤＩＦＦＵＳＩＯＮＥＱＵＡＴＩＯＮＳＸｉｎＸｉａｏ－ｈａｎｇ；ＷａｎｇＨａｏ；ＨｕｏＹｉ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＡｐｐｌｉｅｄＭｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓ，Ｆｕ...

简介：AbstractInthisarticlewebrieflystudiedthefictitiousdomainmethodsforsteadyandnonsteadyNavier-StokesequationsbasedonPenaltyfactorεontheextendeddomain.Theconvergenceu?→uinH01（Ω）dandL2（Ω）d（d=2,3）isgivenaswellasp?→pinL02（Ω）.

简介：Thispaperpresentsanoveltrustmodelbasedonmultipledecisionfactortheory(MDFT)andatrustroutingalgorithmbasedonMDFTtoexactlyevaluateroutingnodetrustandestablishatrustworthyroutingpath.MDFTintegratesfourdimensionaltrustdecisionfactorsincludingbehavior,state,recommendandnodelivenesstorealizeanexactlyfiner-grainedtrustevaluation.OnthebasisofMDFT,atrustroutingalgorithmispresentedandvalidatedinopenshortestpathfirst(OSPF)protocol.Simulationresultsshowthatthealgorithmcanreflecttheroutingnodetrustaccuratelyandhasbetterdynamicresponseability.Underthecircumstanceofexistingdeceptivenodes,thealgorithmhasbetteranti-deceptionperformanceandhigherattacknodedetectionratethanconventionalalgorithm.

简介：TheSelf-SimilarCrackExpansion(SSCE)methodisproposedtoevaluatestressintensi-tyfactorsatcracktips,wherebystressintensityfactorsofacrackcanbedeterminedbythecrackopeningdisplacementoverthecrack,notjustbythelocaldisplacementaroundthecracktip.Thecrackexpansionrateisestimatedbytakingadvantageofthecrackself-similarity.Therefore,theaccuracyofthecalculationisimproved.Thesingularintegralsoncracktipelementsarealsoanalyzedandarepre-ciselyevaluatedintermsofaspecialintegralanalysis.Combinationofthesetwotechniquesgreatlyin-creasestheaccuracyinestimatingthestressdistributionaroundthecracktip.Avarietyoftwo-dimen-sionalcracks,suchassubsurfacecracks,edgecracks,andtheirinteractionsarecalculatedintermsoftheself-similarexpansionrate.Solutionsaresatisfiedwitherrorslessthan0.5%ascomparedwiththeanalyticalsolutions.Basedonthecalculationsofthecrackinteractions,atheoryforcrackinteractionsisproposedsuchthatforagroupofalignedcracksthesummationofthesquareofSIFsattherighttipsofcracksisalwaysequaltothatatthelefttipsofcracks.ThistheorywasprovedbythemehtodofSelf-SimilarCrackExpansioninthispaper.

简介：NuclearfactorkappaB(NF-κB)isoneofthebest-characterizedtranscriptionfactorsplayingimportantrolesinmanycellularresponsestoalargevarietyofstimuli,includinginflammatorycytokines,phorbolesters,growthfactors,andbacterialandviralproducts.TheaimofthisstudyistodemonstrateNF-κBexpressioninthemousecochleaanditsenhancementinresponsetolipopolysaccharides(LPS)andkanamycin(KA)treatment.MethodsKAtreatmentconsistedofsubcutaneousKAinjectionsat700mg/kgtwiceadaywithaneight-hourintervalbetweenthetwoinjectionsfor3or7days.ForanimalsintheLPStreatmentgroup,asingledoseof0.3mgLPSdissolvedin0.2mlsterilesalinewereinjectedintobothbullaethroughthetympanicmembraneandkepttherefor3hours.Animalsinthecontrolgroupreceivedsubcutaneoussalineinjectionfor7days.Followingimmmunohistochemichalprocessingwithrabbitpolyclonalanti-NF-κBp65antibodies,cryosectionsofthecochleawereexaminedforexpressionofNF-κBp65invariousstructuresinthecochlea.ResultsNF-κBp65expression,identifiedbypresenceofbrownreactionproductscharacteristicofDABimmunohistochemistry,wasvisibleinthespiralligament,spiralprominence,tectorialmembrane(TM),spiralganglionandnervefibers.RelativelyweakNF-κBp65expressionwasalsovisualizedintheorganofCorti.WithintheorganofCorti,theinnerhaircells(IHC),outerhaircells(OHC),innerpillarcells(IP),outerpillarcells(OP),Deiter'scells(DC),andBoettcher'scellsexhibitedstrongerstainingthantheinnersulcuscells,Hensen'scells(HC)andClaudius'cells.NoNF-κBp65expressionwasseeninthenucleusoftheIHCandOHC.NF-κBp65expressionwasincreasedinanimalsexposedtoLPSorKA,demonstratingsignificantdifferencesinthestainingbetweencontrolanimalsandLPS/KA-treatedanimals.NF-κBp65expressionwasnotsignificantlydifferentbetweenLPStreatedandKAtreatedanimalsorbetween3and7daysinKA-treatedanimals.Conclusio

简介：巨噬细胞在免疫和动态平衡起一个重要作用。在经由特定的受体的病原体识别之上，他们很快导致煽动性的回答。这个过程紧在transcriptional水平被控制。DNA有约束力的锌手指蛋白质CCCTC有约束力的因素(Ctcf)是远程的染色质相互作用的一个关键管理者并且协调在抄写因素和基因表达式进程之间的特定的通讯。在这研究，Ctcf基因被使用转基因的Cre-LoxP系统明确地在myeloid房间删除。在myeloid房间的Ctcf基因的有条件的删除在vivo导致了温和显型。显著地展出的Ctcf缺乏的老鼠减少了主要histocompatibility的表示在肝的建筑群(MHC)班II。Ctcf缺乏的巨噬细胞表明了正常表面显型和吞噬作用能力。在像使用费的受体(TLR)之上刺激，他们生产了支持inflammatorycytokinesIL-12和IL-6的正常层次，但是表明了一个强烈损害的能力生产肿瘤坏死因素(TNF)和IL-10，以及表示IL-10家庭成员IL-19，IL-20和IL-24。一起拿，我们的数据表明涉及巨噬细胞功能调整的Ctcf的一个角色。

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简介：T盒子抄写因素T赌注(Tbx21)作为类型1-like免疫的一个关键管理者出现了，起在在T和B淋巴细胞，以及树枝状的房间和自然漂亮房间的受动器房间命运的建立或维护的关键作用。几自体免疫的疾病，特别古典主义地与T助手1有关考虑的那些(Th1)免疫，看起来要求T赌注，至少是在老鼠模型判定了。这评论在autoimmunity在免疫，以及它的重要性总结T-bet的角色的当前的理解，与为治疗学的干预的含意。

简介：TheSCIimpactfactorofJournalofNaturalGasChemistry(JNGC)is1.788,accordingtothe'2013JournalCitationReports(JCR)ScienceEdition'.ThisisthehighestSCIimpactfactorforJournalofNaturalGasChemistrysincethejournalwasincludedintheScienceCitationIndexExpanded(SCIE)in2007,anditranksfirstamongchemistryjournalsinChina.Overthepastdecade,theJournalofNaturalGasChemistryhasbecomemoreandmoreinternationalandhasreceivedlargenumbersofmanuscriptsconcerningenergychemistry.Indeed,nowadaysenergychemistryisbecomingoneofthehottopics.

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