简介:ThisstudyinvestigatesclassificationanddiurnalvariationsoftheprecipitationechoesoverthecentralTibetanPlateaubasedontheobservationscollectedfromaC-bandvertically-pointingfrequency-modulatedcontinuous-wave(C-FMCW)radarduringtheThirdTibetanPlateauAtmosphericScientificExperiment(TIPEX-Ⅲ)2014-IntensiveObservationPeriod(2014-IOP).Theresultsshowthat51.32%oftheverticalprofileshavevalidechoeswithreflectivity>-10dBZ,and35.06%ofthevalidechoprofilesproduceprecipitationattheground(precipitationprofiles);stratiformprecipitationwithanevidentbright-bandsignature,weakconvectiveprecipitation,andstrongconvectiveprecipitationaccountfor52.03%,42.98%,and4.99%oftheprecipitationprofiles,respectively.About59.84%oftheprecipitationoccursintheafternoontomidnight,while40.16%oftheprecipitationwithweakerintensityisobservedinthenocturnalhoursandinthemorning.Diurnalvariationofoccurrencefrequencyofprecipitationshowsamajorpeakduring2100-2200LST(localsolartime)with59.02%beingthestratiformprecipitation;thesecondarypeakappearsduring1300-1400LSTwith59.71%beingtheweakconvectiveprecipitation;thestrongconvectiveprecipitationoccursmostly(81.83%)intheafternoonandeveningwithtwopeaksover1200-1300and1700-1800LST,respectively.Startingfromapproximately1100LST,precipitationechoesdevelopwithenhancedverticalairmotion,elevatedechotop,andincreasingradarreflectivity.Intenseupwardairmotionoccursmostfrequentlyin1700-1800LSTwithasecondarypeakin1100-1400LST,whilethetopsofprecipitationechoesandintenseupwardairmotionreachtheirhighestlevelsduring1600-1800LST.Theatmosphericconditionsintheearlymorningaredisadvantageousforconvectiveinitiationanddevelopment.Aroundnoon,theconvectiveavailablepotentialenergy(CAPE)increasesmarkedly,convectiveinhibition(CIN)isgenerallysmall,andasuper-dry-adiabaticlayerispresentnear
简介:1概况为满足社会各专业服务领域对高时空分辨率、网格化短时临近天气预报产品及服务的迫切需求,北京市气象局开始规划建设新一代分析及预报业务体系,即快速更新多尺度分析及预报系统(RMAPS:Rapid-refreshMulti-ScaleAnalysisandPredictionSystem)。该系统由临近预报(NOW)、短时预报(ST)和集成(IN)3个子系统组成,其中IN为集成(INTEGRATION)子系统,其建设目标为对北京市气象局RMAPS业务体系中的多尺度快速更新循环短时数值预报系统(SHORTTERM,简称ST)、自动临近预报系统(NOW-casting,简称NOW)以及定量降水短临融合预报系统等进行产品与天气实况观测的融合应用,经动力降尺度技术形成北京及周边地区高分辨率(1km)网格化、更高频更新的天气状况分析和预报产品,为政府及公众提供随时随地、不断更新的气象条件实况分析及未来预报。