简介：ObjectiveToestablishathree-dimensionalmodelofthetemporalboneusingCTscanimagesforstudyoftemporalbonestructuresandsimulationofmastoidectomyprocedures.MethodsCTscanimagesfrom6individuals(12temporalbones)wereusedtoreconstructtheFallopiancanal,internalauditorycanal,cochlea,semicircularcanals,sigmoidsinus,posteriorfossafloorandjugularbulbonacomputerplatform.Theiranatomicalrelationswithinthetemporalbonewererestoredinthecomputedmodel.Thesamemodelwasusedtosimulatemastoidectomyprocedures.ResultsThereconstructedcomputermodelprovidedaccurateandclearthree-dimensionalimagesoftemporalbonestructures.Simulationofmastoidectomyusingtheseimagesprovidedproceduralexperiencescloselymimickingtherealsurgicalprocedure.ConclusionComputer-aidedthreedimensionalreconstructionoftemporalbonestructuresusingCTscanimagesisausefultoolinsurgicalsimulationandcanaidsurgicalprocedureplanning.

简介：ＩＮＴＥＲＦＥＲＥＮＣＥＣＨＥＣＫＩＮＧＩＮＣＯＭＰＵＴＥＲ－ＡＩＤＥＤＰＬＡＮＴＤＥＳＩＧＮＳＹＳＴＥＭＷａｎｇＦｅｎｇＺｈａｏＨｏｎｇＮｉｕＪｕｎｙｕＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔＩｎｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒ，ｔｈｅｉｎｔｅｒｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｃｈｅｃｋｉｎｇｏｆｔｈｒ...

简介：

简介：许多因素(更大的人口，技术上的更多的相关性，在自然系统和equilibria的更引起人的干扰，气候变化，)贡献灾难的看起来成长的数字和严厉。另外的夸张被公共媒介产生。作为后果灾难，预防和灾难管理必须被给增加的注意。灾难管理的最终的目标是影响系统并且这样的跳回影响人口的足够、可接受的幸存。我们在袭击或骚乱的情况中讨论系统行为：从是易碎的(他们的功能的损失由于袭击)到是有弹性的(有能力……在骚乱以后弹起回到动态稳定性)，或甚至antifragile(对有能力“学会”以便改善灾难跳回)。跳回2.0识别一个新范例：现代信息和通讯技术(ICT)作为一个系统的创新、改进的跳回的一个基础被采用。ICT在袭击前为足够的准备，为快识别，并且为对灾难的有效、有效反应提供基础。ICT的仅仅协调intra-和分裂期间推广答应足够的成功和罐头把跳回带到当前迄今为止易碎的系统。我们讨论stressors(时间和表演压力，人员上的物理、心理的应力)并且问题由于损坏ICT站台和通讯基础结构。基本消息是电脑辅助的灾难管理对提议有能力反应的新水平：跳回2.0。

简介：

简介：Thepartiallyfilledpipeflowsencounteredindrainagesystemsbelongtoafamilyofunsteadyflowproblemscapableofnumericalsolutionviathemethodofcharacteristics.Thedefiningequationsintermsofflowdepth,velocityandsurfacewavespeedaredevelopedandnumericallysolvedbycharacteristic-differencemethodwithtime-lineinterpolationscheme.Boundaryconditionsforinflow,outflow,movinghydraulicjumpandjunctionsaredevelopedbothexperimentallyandnumerically.Fullscalemodelexperimentswerecarriedoutanditwasconsequentlyclarifiedthatnumericalmodeliscapableofpredictingflowcharacteristicsinrealisticdrainagenetworks.

简介：Inthepresentpaper,theeffectofBK-91AComputer-aidedAnesthesiaandTreatmentAppara-tusfor61casesofcraniotomywasobserved.AllthepatientswereintracranialtumorsorhemotornaandrandomlydividedintogroupA(31cases)andB(30cases).Thebasicstateofdisease,theap-pliedmedicinesbeforeandafteroperationsandtheacupointselectionrnethodinthetwogroupswerethesamebasically.lngroupABK-91Awasusedandalltheplateelectrodeswerestickedtotheacu-pointsandanenduablestimulationstrengthwasgiven.IngroupB,WQ-10TypeMulti-purposeElectronicAcupointDetectorwasusedtostimulateacupointswithfrequencyof120-150cycles/min.andanenduablestrength.Criteriaforgradingwereaccordingtotheunitednationalstandards:gradeI/A(excellent),gradeI/B(good)andgradeⅡ(failed,referredtothattheusedanestheticsorsedativessurpassedthefixeddosages).

简介：Inthepresentpaper,twomodelsbasedonartificialneuralnetworksandgeneticprogrammingforpredictingsplittensilestrengthandpercentageofwaterabsorptionofconcretescontainingZrO2nanoparticleshavebeendevelopedatdifferentagesofcuring.Forbuildingthesemodels,trainingandtestingusingexperimentalresultsfor144specimensproducedwith16differentmixtureproportionswereconducted.Thedatausedinthemultilayerfeedforwardneuralnetworksmodelsandinputvariablesofgeneticprogrammingmodelswerearrangedinaformatofeightinputparametersthatcoverthecementcontent,nanoparticlecontent,aggregatetype,watercontent,theamountofsuperplasticizer,thetypeofcuringmedium,ageofcuringandnumberoftestingtry.Accordingtotheseinputparameters,intheneuralnetworksandgeneticprogrammingmodels,thesplittensilestrengthandpercentageofwaterabsorptionvaluesofconcretescontainingZrO2nanoparticleswerepredicted.ThetrainingandtestingresultsintheneuralnetworkandgeneticprogrammingmodelshaveshownthattwomodelshavestrongpotentialforpredictingthesplittensilestrengthandpercentageofwaterabsorptionvaluesofconcretescontainingZrO2nanoparticles.Ithasbeenfoundthatneuralnetwork(NN)andgeneexpressionprogramming(GEP)modelswillbevalidwithintherangesofvariables.Inneuralnetworksmodel,asthetrainingandtestingendedwhenminimumerrornormofnetworkgained,thebestresultswereobtainedandingeneticprogrammingmodel,when4geneswereselectedtoconstructthemodel,thebestresultswereacquired.Althoughneuralnetworkhavepredictedbetterresults,geneticprogrammingisabletopredictreasonablevalueswithasimplermethodratherthanneuralnetwork.

简介：ＣＯＭＰＵＴＥＲＡＩＤＥＤＩＮＳＰＥＣＴＩＯＮＰＬＡＮＮＩＮＧＴａｎｇＸｉａｏｑｉｎｇＣＯＭＰＵＴＥＲＡＩＤＥＤＩＮＳＰＥＣＴＩＯＮＰＬＡＮＮＩＮＧ￥ＴａｎｇＸｉａｏｑｉｎｇＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔＣｏｍｐｕｔｅｒａｉｄｅｄｉｎｓｐｅｃｔｉｏｎｐｌａｎｎｉｎ...

简介：Inordertoenhancetheglutathioneperoxidase(GPX)catalyticactivityoftheselenium-containingsingle-chainvariablefragments(Se-scFv),anovelhumanscFvwasdesignedonthebasisofthestructureofhumanantibodyandoptimizedviabioinformaticsmethodssuchashomologoussequenceanalysis,three-dimensional(3D)modelbuilding,binding-siteanalysisanddocking.TheDNAsequenceofthenewhumanscFvwassynthesizedandclonedintotheexpressionvectorpET22b(+),thenthescFvproteinwasexpressedinsolubleforminEscherichiacoliBL21(DE3)andpurifiedbyNi2+-immobilizedmetalaffinitychromatography(IMAC).TheserineresidueofscFvintheactivesitewasconvertedintoselenocysteine(Sec)withthechemicalmodificationmethod,thus,thehumanSe-scFvwithGPXactivitywasobtained.TheGPXactivityoftheSe-scFvproteinwascharacterized.ComparedwithotherSe-scFv,thenewhumanSe-scFvshowedsimilarefficiencyforcatalyzingthereductionofhydrogenperoxidebyglutathione.ItexhibitedpHandtemperaturedependentcatalyticactivityandatypicalping-pongkineticmechanism.

简介：ManytaskstypicalforHighEnergyPhysicssuchassimulation,eventdisplay,maintenanceofthegeometrydatabaseofanexperiment,requireinputofgeometricaldata.TosimplifytheprocessofpreparationofsuchkindsofdataaninteractivegraphicatoolGBuilderisbeingdevelogped.DefinitionofthegeometrymodelinGBuilderisbasedontheConstructiveSolidGeometryapproachwhereobjectsaredefinedusingbooleanoperationsonbasicshapes.Toprovidsparameterizationofthemodelarithmeticexpressionsmaybeusedinplaceofnumbers,Awidelistofpredefinedmaterialsisalsoavailable.Differentdriversallowtooutputthegeometrymodelinaformsuitableforspecificsimulationofvisualanalysistools.

简介：AbstractBackground:Diagnoses of Skin diseases are frequently delayed in China due to lack of dermatologists. A deep learning-based diagnosis supporting system can facilitate pre-screening patients to prioritize dermatologists’ efforts. We aimed to evaluate the classification sensitivity and specificity of deep learning models to classify skin tumors and psoriasis for Chinese population with a modest number of dermoscopic images.Methods:We developed a convolutional neural network (CNN) based on two datasets from a consecutive series of patients who underwent the dermoscopy in the clinic of the Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, between 2016 and 2018, prospectively. In order to evaluate the feasibility of the algorithm, we used two datasets. Dataset I consisted of 7192 dermoscopic images for a multi-class model to differentiate three most common skin tumors and other diseases. Dataset II consisted of 3115 dermoscopic images for a two-class model to classify psoriasis from other inflammatory diseases. We compared the performance of CNN with 164 dermatologists in a reader study with 130 dermoscopic images. The experts’ consensus was used as the reference standard except for the cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), which were all confirmed by histopathology.Results:The accuracies of multi-class and two-class models were 81.49% ± 0.88% and 77.02% ± 1.81%, respectively. In the reader study, for the multi-class tasks, the diagnosis sensitivity and specificity of 164 dermatologists were 0.770 and 0.962 for BCC, 0.807 and 0.897 for melanocytic nevus, 0.624 and 0.976 for seborrheic keratosis, 0.939 and 0.875 for the "others" group, respectively; the diagnosis sensitivity and specificity of multi-class CNN were 0.800 and 1.000 for BCC, 0.800 and 0.840 for melanocytic nevus, 0.850 and 0.940 for seborrheic keratosis, 0.750 and 0.940 for the "others" group, respectively. For the two-class tasks, the sensitivity and specificity of dermatologists and CNN for classifying psoriasis were 0.872 and 0.838, 1.000 and 0.605, respectively. Both the dermatologists and CNN achieved at least moderate consistency with the reference standard, and there was no significant difference in Kappa coefficients between them (P > 0.05).Conclusions:The performance of CNN developed with relatively modest number of dermoscopic images of skin tumors and psoriasis for Chinese population is comparable with 164 dermatologists. These two models could be used for screening in patients suspected with skin tumors and psoriasis respectively in primary care hospital.

简介：Thetwo-dimensionalnumericalsimulationofenergytransportforMOSFETsispresented,inwhichtheeffectofgeneration,recombinationandtemperaturegradientofcarriersonthecharacteristicsofdevicesareconsidered.Animprovedmobilitymodelisalsoproposed.ThenumericalresultsofmicronandsubmicronMOSFETsshowthatthepresentmodelfitsexperimentverywell.

简介：ShoemakingisoneoftheareaswhereCAD/CAMapplicationisrapidlyincreasing.Thispaperintroducesanintegratedcomputeraidedshoemakingsystemincludinghumanfootmeasuring,last(woodenmodel)measuring,lastCAD/CAMandpatternCAD/CAM.Theprojectwassupportedbythe7thnationaleconomical5yearplan.Hightechnologies,suhasdigitalimageprocessing,patternrcognition,advancedgeometricalmodelingandaseriesofsophisticatedequipmentsanddevicesareap-pliedinthisintegratedsystem.Partsofthesystemhavebecomecommercialproducts.

简介：ThispaperpresentsdesigntheoryandmethodoftheintellectualizedCAI.whichincludestheorganizationandexpressionoftheteachingcontentandtheteachingrequirementdeterminationinteachingprocess,anddevelopsahighlyintellectualizedCA1software.LA-CAI,touseforlinerarithmeticteachingprogram.

简介：InthepaperthebasicelementsofCADsystemsfromsoftwarepointofviewaredis-cussed.ThecreationandnextthemodificationofCADsystemsneedsspecializedsoftwaretools.InthepapertheideacomputerAidedSoftwareEngineering(CASE)forCADsystemsproductionandpracti-calsoftwarerealizationofsuchasoftwaretoolisconsidered.ThemainelementofthistoolisspecialprogramprovidedforconvenientstorageandmodificationofCADsourceprogram.Inthepaperthesimpleexamplesarepresentedanddiscussed.

简介：

简介：ＡＣＯＮＦＩＧＵＲＡＴＩＯＮＳＹＳＴＥＭＦＯＲＦＡＳＴＥＮＥＲＤＥＳＩＧＮ（ＡＮＡＰＰＲＯＡＣＨＴＯＷＡＲＤＳＣＯＭＰＵＴＥＲＡＩＤＥＤＣＯＮＣＥＰＴＵＡＬＤＥＳＩＧＮ）ＧｕａｎｇＺｈｏｎｇ；ＭｉｋｅＤｏｏｎｅｒＡＣＯＮＦＩＧＵＲＡＴＩＯＮＳＹＳＴＥ...

简介：AbstractBackground:Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data can be fused to identify the tumor boundaries. This enables surgeons to set close but tumor-free surgical margins and excise the tumor more precisely. This study aimed to report our experience in performing computer navigation-aided joint-preserving resection and custom-made endoprosthesis reconstruction to treat bone sarcoma in the diaphysis and metaphysis of the femur and tibia.Methods:Between September 2008 and December 2015, 24 patients with bone sarcomas underwent surgical resection and joint-sparing reconstruction under image-guided computer navigation. The cohort comprised 16 males and eight females with a median age of 19.5 years (range: 12-48 years). The tumor location was the femoral diaphysis in three patients, distal femur in 19, and proximal tibia in two. The tumors were osteosarcoma (n = 15), chondrosarcoma (n = 3), Ewing sarcoma (n = 3), and other sarcomas (n = 3). We created a pre-operative plan for each patient using navigation system software and performed navigation-aided resection before reconstructing the defect with a custom-made prosthesis with extracortical plate fixation.Results:Pathological examination verified that all resected specimens had appropriate surgical margins. The median distance from the tumor resection margin to the joint was 30 mm (range: 13-80 mm). The median follow-up duration was 62.5 months (range: 24-134 months). Of the 24 patients, 21 remain disease free, one is alive with disease, and two died of the disease. One patient developed local recurrence. Complications requiring additional surgical procedures occurred in six patients, including one with wound hematoma, one with delayed wound healing, one with superficial infection, one with deep infection, and two with mechanical failure of the prosthesis. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score at the final follow-up was 91% (range: 80%-100%). The 5- and 10-year implant survival rates were 91.3% and 79.9%, respectively.Conclusions:Computer navigation-aided joint-preserving resection and custom-made endoprosthesis reconstruction with extracortical plate fixation is a reliable surgical treatment option for bone sarcoma in the diaphysis and metaphysis of the femur and tibia.

简介：