简介：Objective:Toevaluatetheassociationbetweenobesityandtheriskofcolorectalcancer.Methods:331patientswithrectalcancerand175withcoloncancerwhoacceptedsurgicaloperationatBeijingCancerHospitalduring1995and2002wereenrolled.Datawerecollectedbyreviewingthepathologymaterialsandhospitalrecords.258healthypeoplewhoacceptedhealthexaminationatBeijingCancerHospitalduring2000and2002werealsoenrolledascontrol.Dataofheight,weightandgenderatthetimeofexaminationwerealsocollected.Obesitywasestimatedbybodymassindex(BMI),computedasweightinkilogramsdividedbyheightinmeterssquared(kg/m2).ThedegreeofobesitywascomparedbetweenthetwogroupsusingBMI(18.5,24-27.9and(28(kg/m2)asthecut-offpointsforunderweight,overweightandobesity.Associationswithobesitywereestimatedbyoddsratios(ORs)and95%confidenceintervals(CIs).AllORswereadjustedforageandsex.Results:Obesitywassignificantlyprevalentinfemalepatientswithrectalcancer.AllthepatientswithcoloncancershowedlowerlevelofBMIthancontrolsubjects.TheORsforrectalcancerrosewithincreasingBMIinwomen.Meanwhile,theORsforcoloncancerdroppedwithincreasingBMIinbothmenandwomen.Obesitywasanindependentriskfactorforrectalcancer,butnotanindependentriskfactorforcoloncancer.Conclusion:Rectalcancerandcoloncancermayhavedifferentbiologicalbehavior.Obesewomenhaverelativelyhighriskforrectalcancer.

简介：

简介：Objective:Patientswithheadandneckcanceroftensufferfrommalnutrition.Thisstudyaimstoinvestigatetheinfluenceofbodymassindex(BMI)ontheprognosisoflaryngealsquamouscellcarcinoma(LSCC).Methods:Atotalof473patientswithLSCCinitiallytreatedatSunYat-senUniversityCancerCenterbetweenJanuary2005andJuly2009wereretrospectivelyreviewed.SurvivalanalysiswasperformedbytheKaplan-MeiermethodandCoxregressionmodel.Results:LowBMIbeforetreatmentwassignificantlyassociatedwithpooroverallsurvivalinpatientswithLSCC(P<0.001).BMIwasanindependentprognosticfactorforpatientswithLSCC.Conclusion:LeannessbeforetreatmentwasassociatedwithpoorprognosisinpatientswithLSCC.GoodnutritionalstatusisfavorabletoimprovesurvivalinpatientswithLSCC.

简介：AbstractBackground:Vasovagal syncope (VVS) greatly impairs quality of life. The therapeutic efficacy of oral rehydration saline (ORS) for unselected VVS patients is not satisfactory due to the diverse mechanisms of the disease. Body mass index (BMI) was demonstrated to reflect blood volume to a certain extent. Therefore, the present study explored the capability of BMI to predict the therapeutic response of children with VVS to ORS treatment.Methods:Seventy-four children with VVS who visited the Syncope Unit of Pediatrics at Peking University First Hospital from November 2010 to June 2019 receiving ORS treatment were enrolled for this retrospective case-control study. A comparison of demographic, clinical, and hemodynamic characteristics was performed between responders and non-responders. The correlation between baseline BMI and response time was analyzed. To determine the value of baseline BMI in predicting the therapeutic efficacy of ORS in children with VVS, a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed.Results:Fifty-two children were identified as responders, and the remaining 22 children were identified as non-responders. The baseline BMI of the responders was much lower than that of the non-responders (16.4 [15.5, 17.8] kg/m2vs. 20.7 ± 3.6 kg/m2, P < 0.001), and baseline BMI was positively correlated with response time in the head-up tilt test after adjusting for sex (r = 0.256, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.067-0.439, P = 0.029). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of baseline BMI was 0.818 (95% CI: 0.704-0.932, P < 0.001), and an optimal cut-off value of 18.9 kg/m2 yielded a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 73% to predict the efficacy of ORS in VVS.Conclusion:Prior to treatment, baseline BMI is a promising predictor of response to ORS in children with VVS.

简介：ObjectivesToinvestigatetherelationshipofserumleptinconcentrationwiththelipidsandbodymassindex(BMI)inpatientswithchroniccongestiveheartfailure(CHF).MethodsTheserumconcentrationofleptinin39patientswithCHF(14incardiacfunctionclassⅡ,21inclassⅢ,4inclassⅣ,NYHA)andin46patientswithcardiacfunctionclassⅠ(NYHA)wereassessedbyradioimmunoassay.ResultsTheserumconcentrationofleptinwere9.018±4.519μg/linCHFgroup(cardiacfunctionclassⅡ11.492±5.649μg/l,classⅢ7.763±3.321μg/l,classⅣ6.100±2.657μg/l);11.674±6.911μg/linclassⅠgroup.TheserumconcentrationsofleptinweresignificantlylowerinCHFgroup,ascomparedwithclassⅠgroup(P<0.05).Moreover,thedecreaseofserumleptinconcentrationwassignificantlycorrelatedwiththedecreasedserumconcentrationsoftotalcholesterol,triglyceride,bodymassindexandleftventricularejectionfractioninCHFgroup,respectively(P<0.05).ConclusionsThesignificanceofthedecreaseinserumleptininCHFpatientsneedsfurtherstudy.

简介：AbstractBackground:Weight gain during chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer contributes to their poor prognosis. However, a growing number of studies have found that metabolic disorders seem to play a more important role in breast cancer prognosis than weight gain. This study aimed to explore the prognostic effects of body mass index (BMI), weight gain, and metabolic disorders on the overall survival (OS) and prognosis of patients with breast cancer who underwent chemotherapy.Methods:Data from the inpatient medical records of patients with breast cancer who underwent chemotherapy at the Beijing Cancer Hospital Breast Cancer Center from January to December 2010 were retrospectively collected, and the patients were followed up until August 2020.Results:A total of 438 patients with stages I to III breast cancer met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Forty-nine (11.19%) patients died, while 82 (18.72%) patients had tumor recurrence and metastasis at the last follow-up (August 2020). From the time of diagnosis until after chemotherapy, no significant differences were observed in the body weight (t = 4.694, P < 0.001), BMI categories (χ2 = 19.215, P = 0.001), and incidence of metabolic disorders (χ2 = 24.841, P < 0.001); the BMI categories and weight change had no effect on the OS. Both univariate (χ2 = 6.771, P = 0.009) and multivariate survival analyses (hazard ratio = 2.775, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.326-5.807, P = 0.007) showed that low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels at diagnosis had a negative impact on the OS. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the HDL-C level at diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] = 2.200, 95% CI: 0.996-4.859, P = 0.051) and metabolic disorders after chemotherapy (OR= 1.514, 95% CI: 1.047-2.189, P = 0.028) are risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer.Conclusions:Chemotherapy led to weight gain and aggravated the metabolic disorders in patients with breast cancer. Low HDL-C levels at diagnosis and metabolic disorders after chemotherapy may have negative effects on the OS and prognosis of patients with breast cancer.

简介：

简介：AbstractObjective:Overweight and obesity are increasingly epidemic and negatively related to reproductive outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the advantages of a modified ultra-long downregulation protocol on pregnancy outcomes of patients with high body mass index (BMI) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), compared to the long protocol (LP).Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 3,920 infertile patients at the Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of Citic-Xiangya from January 2012 to December 2017 by propensity score matching (PSM). Patients were divided into two groups: modified ultra-LP (MULP) (n = 1,960) and LP (n = 1,960).Results:In the MULP group, live birth rate (52.65% vs. 46.79%, P < 0.001, odds ratio [OR]: 1.784, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.563-2.036), clinical pregnancy rate (62.50% vs. 57.91%, P = 0.003, OR: 1.211, 95% CI: 1.066-1.377), and implantation rate (53.24% vs. 49.65%, P = 0.004, OR: 1.155, 95% CI: 1.048-1.272) were statistically significantly higher than those of the LP group. Moreover, the cycle cancellation rates (12.70% vs. 15.15%, P = 0.027, OR: 0.815, 95% CI: 0.68-0.977), abortion rates (12% vs. 14.8%, P = 0.046, OR: 0.785, 95% CI: 0.619-0.996), and ectopic pregnancy rates (1.06% vs. 2.11%, P = 0.04, OR: 0.497, 95% CI: 0.252-0.98) were lower than those in the LP group.Conclusion:The modified ultra-long downregulation protocol improved the pregnancy outcomes in patients with high BMI undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment, providing a potential option for physicians when deciding an optimized ovary stimulation protocol for high BMI patients.

简介：Objective:ToinvestigatewhethervitaminDreceptorgene(VDR)BsmI-rs1544410andFokI-rs2228570polymorphisms,smokingduration,andbodymassindex(BMI)areriskfactorsforcutaneousmelanoma,especiallymetastaticmelanoma.Methods:Westudied120cutaneousmelanomacases[68stageIandIInon-metastaticmelanoma(NMetM)patients,plus52StageIIIandIVmetastaticmelanoma(MetM)patients],and120matchinghealthycontrolsfromnortheastItaly.VDRpolymorphismsweremeasuredbyrestrictionfragmentlengthpolymorphismanalysis.AbsenceorpresenceofBsmIandFokIrestrictionsiteswasdenotedby'B'and'F'orby'b'and'f,'respectively.Results:VDR-BsmIbbgenotypewasmorefrequentamongMetM(32.7%)thanamongNMetMcases(13.2%),withoddsratio(OR)=3.18.Comparisonofallmelanomapatientsvshealthycontrolsshowedthatthefollowingbiomarkerswereatrisk:≥20yearsofsmoking(OR=2.43);≥20yearsofsmokingcombinedwithbb(OR=4.78),Bb+bb(OR=2.30),Ff(OR=3.04),andFf+ff(OR=3.08);obesity(BMI>30Conclusions:RiskfactorsforcutaneousMetMincludetwoVDRpolymorphismscombinedwithsmokingdurationandobesity.Resultssuggestgene-environmentimplicationsinmelanomasusceptibilityandseverity.Futurestudiesinlargercohortsandinsubjectswithdifferentgeneticbackgroundarewarrantedtoextendourfindings.

简介：Lekking男性聚集吸引女性并且完全作出贡献到鸡蛋授精，没有更进一步父母的照顾。进化理论因此预言他们是向他们的配偶的nonchoosy，因为任何失去的交配机会将超过与如此的偏爱联系的好处。但由于时间费用，精力充沛地昂贵的性显示的生产，和潜在的精子限制，lekking男性的交配努力经常是可观的。这些因素，与改变质量的许多女性是可能的访问列克的事实结合了，能赞成男配偶偏爱的进化。这里，我们证明lekking的男性更小的蜡蛾，Achroiagrisella，确实，对与在选择实验的更重的女性，一起的配偶可能的更多在他们交配的处女弄平(即，他们的繁殖资源什么时候还没有，被以前的matings弄空)。当重、轻的女性显示了类似的动机交配，这微分女性的交配成功不能被归因于女行为(即，走近男性的潜伏)并且交接的时间。男性们似乎得益于与更重的女性一起交配，当肥沃断然与女质量相关。这条新实验证据证明那种男配偶选择可能在lekking种类被低估了。

简介：AbstractBackground:Osteoarthritis (ΟΑ) is characterized by cartilage breakdown and subchondral sclerosis. Micro-fractures of the calcified tissues have been, also, detected, but their exact role has not been elucidated yet. This study was to examine the frequency of cracks during OA progression and to correlate them with the underlying cellular modifications and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression using histological/immunohistological methods.Methods:Overall, 20 patients and 3 controls (9 specimens per patient), aged 60-89 years, diagnosed with hip/knee OA were included. The development of cracks was examined in 138 sections, whereas the expression of MMP-2 was examined in 69 additional sections.Results:Based on Mankin score, three groups of OA severity were analyzed: Group I (mild) was constituted of sections with score 1-5 while Groups II (moderate) and III (severe) with score 6-7 and greater or equal to 8, respectively. Demographic characteristics did not reveal any association between the number of microdefects and age or body mass index (BMI). Cartilage micro-cracks were increased during moderate and severe OA, while bone cracks were increased during mild and severe OA. In knee OA, cartilage cracks were not correlated with Mankin score, whereas in hip OA they appeared association with severity score. Bone cracks were positively correlated with matrix apoptotic osteocytes and osteoblastic cells, but not with osteoclasts. MMP-2 immunostaining was increasing by OA severity in the osteochondral unit. Similarly, MMP-2 was expressed on the microcracks’ wall mainly in Group III.Conclusion:Our data displayed that bone cracks during primary OA stages, represent an early adaptative mechanism aiming to maintain cartilage integrity. Accumulation of bone defects and concomitant increase of apoptotic osteocytes activated an abnormal remodeling due to osteoblastic activity, in which MMP-2 played a pivotal role, leading to subchondral sclerosis promoting further osteochondral deformities.

简介：

简介：

简介：人们之间的交流，不仅仅可以通过语言，肢体语言在日常交际中尤其是在与国外人士交际中也扮演着重要的角色。读过下面的这篇文章你一定会更深层地了解肢体语言!

简介：Whatisitthatgetspeopleintothebody-piercing(身体穿环)chair?Isitaformofrebellionagainstsociety?Isitself-expression?Orisitsimplyfollowingawidespreadcooltrend?

简介：Bytheendofthislesson,studentswillbeableto:1.learnaboutdifferentbodylanguagestogreetpeoplefromdifferentcultures.2.beawareoftheimportanceofexpressingoneselfusingbodylanguage.

简介：“Bodyclocks”arebiologicalmethodsofcontrolingbodyactivities.Everylivingthinghasone.Inhumans,abodyclockcontrolsnormalperiodsofsleepingandwaking.Itcontrolsthetimeswhenyouaremostlikelytofeelpain.Eating,sleepingandexercisingataboutthesametimeeachdaywillhelpkeepbodyactivitiesnormal.Butchangesinyourlife,anewjob,forexample,destroythebalanceandthuscausehealthproblems.

简介：Tocommunicatewellwithotherpeople,youmustlearntospeakwell,right?

简介：肢体的运动状况与人所处的生活环境有关！你想让笑容更和蔼可亲的话就得仔细研读本文！

简介：Thispaperpresentsaprocedureforthederivationoftheexpressionsforelectricbodyforce,couple,andpowerinanonlinearelectroelasticbodyunderelectromechanicalloads.ThederivationisbasedonTierseten’stwo-continuummodelbutmuchsimplified.