简介：分子标记辅助聚合育种是累加有利基因的有效手段.培育粳型亲籼系是有效克服水稻籼粳亚种间杂种不育性,从而利用水稻亚种间杂种优势的重要途径之一.本研究利用以PCR为基础的分子标记进行辅助选择,对不同粳型亲籼系中不同分化度的特异亲和基因进行了聚合,并将4个抗白叶枯病基因和来源于IR24的两个恢复基因导入粳型亲籼系中.主要结果如下:1、以粳型亲籼系G2417-2-1和粳型广亲和系G2605为亲本构建分离群体,利用本研究筛选的与S-b,S-c,S-d三个F1花粉不育基因座位紧密连锁的PCR标记进行辅助选择.在F2共选择到特异亲籼聚合植株6株,它们分别是58号,93号,94号,115号,139号,200号;广亲和聚合植株4株,它们分别是11号,14号,121号,177号.2、对当选聚合系的亲籼性和亲粳性综合分析表明:各个特异亲籼聚合系的亲粳性之间及各个广亲和聚合系的亲籼性之间都有显著差异.特异亲籼聚合系的平均亲籼性和平均亲粳性与亲本G2417-2-1相比都没有显著差异.广亲和聚合系的平均亲籼性高于亲本G2605,平均亲粳性显著低于亲本G2605.这些聚合系的亲和性与其MAS基因型相一致.3、利用四类粳型亲籼系与携带有2个恢复基因和4个抗白叶枯病基因的品系构建回交群体,应用本研究筛选的以PCR为基础的分子标记进行辅助选择.在BC1F1共选择到2个恢复基因和4个抗白叶枯病基因全杂合的植株19个,其中以IC31为受体的5株,以IC32为受体的11株,以IC33为受体的2株,以IC34为受体的1株.4、当选的19个单株自交繁殖BC1F2,利用与目标基因紧密连锁的单一分子标记进行MAS.共选择到各类可供进一步利用的材料393株,其中携带有两个纯合恢复基因的植株158株,同时携带有两个纯合恢复基因和两个纯合显性抗白叶枯病基因的植株40株.5、从上述158个植株中选出两个显性抗性基因均纯合或者任意三个抗性基因均纯合的�

简介：CMSphysicistsneedtoseamlesslyaccesstheirexperimentaldataandresults,independentoflocationandstoragemedium,inordertofocusontheexplorationforthenewphysicssignalsartherthanthecomplexitiesofworldwidedatamanagement.Inordertoachievethisgoal,CMShasadoptedatieredworldwidecomputingmodelwhichwillincorporateemergingGridtechnology.CMShasstartedtouseGridtoolsfordataprocessing,replicationandmigration,ImportantGridcomponentsareexpectedtobedeliveredbytheDataGridprojects.likeprojects,CMShascreatedasetoflong-termrequirementstotheGridprojects.Theserequirementsarepresentedanddiscussed.

简介：TheCMSexperimentattheCERNLHCcolliderisproducinglargeamountsofsimulateddatainordertoprovideanadequatestatisticfortheTriggerSystemdesign.Theseproductionsareperformedinadistributedenvironment,prototypingthehierarchicalmodelofLHCcomputingcentersdevelopedbyMONARC.AGRIDapproachisbeingusedforinterconnectingtheRegionalCenters.Themainissueswhicharecurrentlyaddressedare:automaticsubmissionofdataproductionrequeststoavailableproductioinsites,datatransferamongproductionsites,“best-replica”locationandsubmissionofenduseranalysisjobtotheappropriateRegionalCenter,Ineachproductionsitedifferenthardwareconfigurationsarebeingtestedandexploited.Furthermorerobustjobsubmissionsystems.whicharealsoabletoprovidetheneededbookkeepingoftheproduceddataarebeingdeveloped.BOSS(BatchObjectSubmissionSystem)isaninterfacetothelocalcomputingcenterschedulingsystemthathasbeendevelopedinordertoallowrecordinginarelationaldatabaseofinformationproducedbythejoberunningonthebatchfacilitiesAsummaryofthecurrentactivitesandaplanfortheuseofDataGridPM9toolsarepresented.

简介：TheCMSOOreconstructionprogram-ORCA-hasbeenusedsince1999toproducelargesamplesofreconstructedMonte-Carloeventsfordetectoroptimization,triggerandphysicsstudies,TheeventsarestoredinseveralObjectivityfederationsatCERN,intheUS,Italyandothercountries.ToperformtheirstudiesphysicistsusedifferenteventsamplesrangingfromcompletedatasetsofTBytesizetoonlyafeweventsoutofthesedatasets.WedescribetheimplementationoftheserequirementsintheORCAsoftwareandthewaycollctionsofeventsareaccessedforreading,writingorcopying.

简介：OfflineSoftwaresuchasSimulation,Reconstruction,Analysis,andVisualisationareallinneedofadetectordescription.Theseapplicationshaveseveralcommonbutalsomanyspecificrequirementsforthedetectordescriptioninordertobuilduptheirinternalrepresentations.Toachievethisinaconsistentandcoherentmanneracommonsourceofinformation,thedetectordescriptiondatabase,willbeconsultedbyeachoftheapplications.TheroleandsuitabilityofXMLinthedesignofthedetectordescriptiondatabaseinthescopeoftheCMSdetectorattheLHCisdiscussed.DifferentaspectssuchasdatamodellingcapabilitiesofXML,toolsupport,integrationtoC++representationsofdatamodelsaretreatedandrecentresultsofprototypeimplementationsarepresented.

简介：Powerfulmainstreamcomputingequipmentandtheadventofaffordablemulti-Gigabitcommunicationtechnologyallowustotackledataacquisitionproblemswithclustersofinexpensivecomputers.Suchnetworkstypicallyincorporateheterogeneousplatforms,real-timepartitionsandcustomdevices.Therefore,onemuststriveforasoftwareinfrastructurethatefficientlycombinesthenodestoasingle,unifiedresourcefortheuser,Overallrequirementsforsuchmiddlewarearehighefficiencyandconfigurationflexibility.IntelligentI/O(I2O)isanindustryspecificationthatdefinesaunifrommessagingformatandexecutingmodelforprocessor-enabledcommunicationequipment.Mappingthisconcepttoadistribultedcomputingenvironmentandencapsulatingthedetailsofthespecificationintoanapplication-programmingframeworkallowustoproviderun-timesupportforclusteroperation.Thispapergivesabriefoverviewofaframework.XDAQthatwedesignedandimplementedatCERNfortheCompactMuonSolenoidexperiment'sprototypedataacquisitionsystem.

简介：TheCMSgroupsintheUSAareactivelyinvolvedinseveralgrid-elatedprojects,includingtheDoE-fundedParticlePhysicsDataGrid(PPDG)andtheNSFfundedGridPhysicsNetwork(GriPhyN).Wepresentdevelopmentsof:theGriddataManagementPilot(GDMP)software;aJavaAnalysisStudio-basedprototyperemoteanalysisserviceforCMSdata;toolsforautomatingjobsubmissionschemesforlargescaledistributedsimulationandreconstructionrunsforCMS;modelinganddevelopmentofjobschedulingschemesusingtheMONARCtoolkit;arobustexecutionservicefordistributedprocessors.ThedeploymentanduseofthesetoolsatprototypeTier1andTier2computingcentersintheUSAisdescribed.

简介：TheCMSCollaborationof2000scientistsinvolves150institutionsfrom31nationsspreadallovertheworld.CMSsoftwaresystemintegrationandreleasemanagementisperformedatCERN.CodemanagementisbasedonCVS,withreadorwriteaccesstotherepositoryviaaCVSserver,Softwareconfiguration,releasemanagementtools(SCRAM)arebeingdevelopedatCERN.Softwarereleasesarethendistributedtoregionalcenters,wherethesoftwareisusedbyalocalcommunityforawidevarietyoftasks,suchassoftwaredevelopmentdetectorsimulationandreconstructionandphysicsanalysis.Dependingonspecificapplication,thesystemenvironmentandlocalhardwarerequirements,differentapproachesandtoolsareusedfortheCMSsoftwareinstallationatdifferentplaces.Thispresentationdescribesconceptsandreactialsolutionsforavarietyofwaysofsoftwaredistribution,withanemphasisontheCMSexperienceatFermilab,Installationandusageofdifferentmodelsusedfortheproductionfarm,forcodedevelopmentandforphysicsanalysisaredescribed.

简介：VariousrepresentationsoftheCMSmagneticfieldmapsinCERNEngineeringDataManagementSystemareconsidered.

简介：OneofthemostchallengingissuesfacedinHEPinrecentyearsisthequestionofhowtocapitaliseonsoftwaredevelopmentandmaintenanceexperienceinacontinuousmanner.Tocapitaliseinourcontextmeanstoevaluateandapplynewtechnologiesastheyarise,andtofurtherevolvetechnologiesarlreadywidelyinuse,Italsoimpliesthedefinitionandadoptionofstandards,whileensuringreproducibilityandqualityofresults.TheCMSprocessimprovementeffortistwo-pronged.ItaimsatcontinuousimprovementofthewayswedoObjectOrientedsoftware,aswellascontinuousimprovementintheefficiencyoftheworkingenviuronment.Inparticulartheuseandcreationofde-factosoftwareprocessstandardswithinCMShasproventobekeytooursuccessfulsoftwareprocessimprovementprogram.WedescribethesuccessfulCMSimplementationofasoftwareprocessimprovementstrategy,followingISO15504sincethreeyears.WegivethecurrentstatusofthemostimportantprocessesfamiliesformallyestablishedinCMS,andprovidetheguidelineswefollowedbothfortooldevelopment,andmethodologyestablishment.

简介：80年代初,我国南方水稻区对籼型杂交稻秋季低温危害的农业气象指标研究表明,低温指标的区域性很强,即使同一品种,生态条件不一样,低温危害指标亦不一样。十多年的实践证明,即使同一低温指标,年际间危害程度亦大不相同。本文试图以温黄平原二县一市资料,统计分析历年来秋季低温对产量的影响程度,提出了秋季低温危害的气候指标,为合理安排播期提供依据。

简介：TheCMSregionalcalorimetertriggersystemdetectssignaturesofelectrons/photons,taus,jets,andmissingandtotaltransverseenergyinadeadtinmesspipelinedarchitecture.Thissystemreceives7000calorimetertreggertowerenergieson1.2Gbanddigitalcoppercableseriallinksandprocessestheminalow-latencypipelineddesignusingcustom-builtelectronics.AttheheartofthesystemistheReceiverCardwhichusesthenewgenerationofgigabitethernetreceiverchipsonamezzaninecardtoconvertserialdatatoparalleldatabeforetransmissionona160MHzbackplaneforfurtherprocessingbycardsthatsumenergiesandidentifyelectronsandjets.Wedescribethealgorithmsandhardwareimplementation,andsummarizethesimulationresultsthatshowthatthissystemiscapableofhandlingtheraterequirementswhiletriggeringonphysicssignalswithhighefficiency.

简介：Themulti-tieredarchitectureofthehighly-distributedCMScomputingsystemsnecessitatesaflexibledatadistributionandanalysisenvironment.WedescribeaprototypeanalysisenvironmentwhichfunctionsefficientlyoverwideareanetworksusingaserverinstalledattheCaltech/UCSDTier2prototypetoanalyzeCMSdatastoredatvariouslocationsusingathinclient.TheanalysisenvironnmentisbasedonexistingHEP(Anaphe)andCMOS(CARF,ORCA,IGUANA)softwarethchnologyontheserveracessedfromavarietyofclients.AJavaAnalysisStudio(JAS,fromSLAC)plug-inisbeingdevelopedasareferenceclient.Theserverisoperatedas"Blackbox"ontheproto-Tier2system.ORCAObjectivitydatabases(e.g.anexistinglargeCMSMuonsample)arehostedonthemasterandslavenodes,andremoteclientscanrequestprocessingofqueriesacrosstheservernodes,andgetthehistogramresultsreturnedandrenderedintheclient.TheserverisimplementedusingpureC++,anduseXML-RPCasalanguage-neutraltransport.Thishasseveralbenefits,includingmuchbetterscalability,betterintegrationwithCARF/ORCA,andimportanly,Makestheworkdirectlyusefultoothernon-javageneral-purposeanalysisandpresentationtoolssuchasHippodraw,Lizard.orROOT.

简介：以淀粉、氢氧化钠、氯乙酸为原料，使用密炼机合成了水处理用羧甲基淀粉阴离子絮凝剂。该产品具有高取代度、高稳定性。并对其工艺参数的影响和生产原理进行了讨论。

简介：TheCMSIGUANAprojecthasimplementedanopenanalysisarchitecturethatenablesthecreationofanintegratedanalysisenvironment.Inthis"analysisdesktop"environmentaphysicistisabletoperformmostanalysis-relatedtasks,notjustthepresentationandvisualisationstepsusuallyassociatedwithanalysistools.ThemotivationbehindIGUANA'sapproachisthatphsicsanalysisincludesmuchmorethanjustthevisualisationanddatapresentation.Manyfactorscontributetotheincreasingimportanceofmakinganalysisandvisualisationsoftwareanintegralpartoftheexperiment'ssoftware:objectorientedandevermoreadvanceddatamodels,GRID,andautomatedhierarchicalstoragemanagementsystemstonamejustafew.Atthesametimetheanalysistoolkitsshouldbemodularandnon-invasivetobeusableindifferentcontextswithinoneexperimentandgenerallyacrossexperiments.Ideallytheanalysisenvironmentwouldappeartobeperfectlycustomisedtotheexperimentandthecontext,butwouldmostlyconsistofgenericcomponents.WedescribehowtheIGUANAprojectisaddressingtheseissuesandpresentboththearchitectureandexamplesofhowdifferentaspectsofanalysisappeartotheusersandthedevelopers.

简介：

简介：ThedataacquisitionsystemfortheCMSexperimentattheLargeHadronCollider(LHC)willrequirealargeandhighperformanceeventbuildingnetwork.Severalarchitecturesandswithchtechnologiesarecurrentlybeingevaluated.Thispaperdescribesdemonstratorswhichhavebeensetuptostudyasmall-scaleeventbuilderbasedonPCsemulatinghighperformancesourcesandsinksconnectedviaEthernetorMyrinetswitches.Resultsfromongoingstudies,includingmeasurementsonthroughputandscaling,arepresented.

简介：ModernstandardsanddefinitionsofdeliverablesforsoftwaredevelopmentareprovidedbybyvariousstandardslikePSS-05,CMMI,ECSS,V,RationalUnifiedprocessorSPICE(ISO15504),Moderndocumenttemplatesandthecorrespondingdocumentsarebasedonatomicshellsthatcross-link,andcanbesubsequentlyassembledintoasetofcompletedocuments;viewsoftheinformationintheshells.Thismakestheinformationeasytomaintain,andenablesselectiveviewsofthedocumentation.WewillpresentacatalogueofdocumenttemplatesthathasbeendevelopedinthecontextoftheCMSCAFEforum,aswellastheircross-linkage,usingUMLasthemodellinglanguageThetemplatesallowfordocumentingtheelaborationandarchitecturaldesignphasesofsoftwaredevelopment,Theycanbeusedasthebasisforestablishinganddocumentingarchitecture,whileestablishingtrace-abilitytouse-cases,requirements,constraints,andimportanttechnologicalchoicesinamaintainablemanner.

简介：晚籼83—12系我院水稻所近年选育出来的晚稻高产新品种。1987年在本省示范推广面积达40余万亩。1984～11986年我们先后对该品种进行了苗期和成株期抗褐稻虱鉴定,并对其抗性机制进行了较深入的探讨。现将研究结果整理如下:

简介：IGUANA（InteractiveGraphicsforUserANAlysis)isaC++toolkitfordevelopinggraphicaluserinterfacesandhighperformance2-Dand3-Dgraphicsapplications,suchasdatabrowsersanddetectorandeventvisualisationprograms.TheIGUANAstrategyistousefreelyavailablesoftware(e.g.Qt,SoQt,OpenInventor,OpenGL,HEPVis)andpackageandextendittoprovideageneral-purposeandexperiment-independenttoolkit.WedescribetheevaluationandchoicesofpubliclyavailableGUI/graphicssoftwareandtheadditionalfunctionalitycurrentlyprovidedbyIGUANA.WedemonstratetheuseofIGUANAwithseveralapplicationsbuiltforCMSandD0.