简介:Radio-frequencyinterference(RFI)affectsgreatlythequalityofthedataandretrievalproductsfromspace-bornemicrowaveradiometry.AnalysisoftheAdvancedMicrowaveScanningRadiometerontheEarthObservingSystem(AMSR-E)AquasatelliteobservationsrevealsverystrongandwidespreadRFIcontam-inationsontheC-andX-banddata.Fortunately,thestrongandmoderateRFIsignalscanbeeasilyidentifiedusinganindexonobservedbrightnesstemperaturespectrum.ItistheweakRFIthatisdiffi-culttobeseparatedfromthenaturesurfaceemission.Inthisstudy,anewalgorithmisproposedforRFIdetectionandcorrection.Thesimulatedbrightnesstemperatureisusedasabackgroundsignal(B)andadepartureoftheobservationfromthebackground(O-B)isutilizedfordetectionofRFI.ItisfoundthattheO-Bdeparturecanresultfromeitheranaturalevent(e.g.,precipitationorflooding)oranRFIsignal.AseparationbetweenthenatureeventandRFIisfurtherrealizedbasedonthescatteringindex(SI).ApositiveSIindexandlowbrightnesstemperaturesathighfrequenciesindicateprecipitation.IntheRFIcorrection,arelationshipbetweenAMSR-Emeasurementsat10.65GHzandthoseat18.7or6.925GHzisfirstdevelopedusingtheAMSR-EtrainingdatasetsunderRFI-freeconditions.ContaminationofAMSR-Emeasurementsat10.65GHzisthenpredictedfromtheRFI-freemeasurementsat18.7or6.925GHzusingthisrelationship.ItisshownthatAMSR-EmeasurementswiththeRFI-correctionalgorithmhavebetteragreementwithsimulationsinavarietyofsurfaceconditions.
简介:用被动微波辐射计的陆地检索对在陆地亮度温度的小变化敏感。因此,无线电频率干扰(射频干扰)发信号发出从人造微波放射传输器能在陆地检索导致大错误。在隧道能遥远地污染的C乐队和X乐队的射频干扰察觉到大小,经历了与扫描辐射计(AMSR-E)和WindSat传感器的先进微波。在这个工作,射频干扰察觉的应用程序和在从AMSR-E大小使用检索地球物理的参数的一间全面套房的修正算法,一个维的变化检索(1-DVAR)方法被描述。结果显示检索参数的值例如陆地皮肤温度(LST),在射频干扰污染的这些区域上比从全球数据吸收系统(GDAS)的那些高得多产品。结果也显示新检索和GDAS产品之间的差别通过考虑RFI修正算法显然被减少。另外,1-DVAR的集中度量标准(2)被发现是为识别陆地检索被射频干扰影响的区域的一个新方法。例如在有强壮得多的射频干扰的那些区域,例如欧洲和日本,<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>1-DVAR的2那么大集中不能被到达,检索结果不能是可靠的或不能被获得。而且,<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>2也与中等或弱的射频干扰为那些区域与改正射频干扰的算法减少。射频干扰的结果检测了由<啜class=“a-plus-plus”>2与那些识别了由几乎一致光谱差别方法。
简介:TheElNino-SouthernOscillation(ENSO)ismodulatedbymanyfactors;mostpreviousstudieshaveemphasizedtherolesofwindstressandheatfluxinthetropicalPacific.Freshwaterflux(FWF)isanotherenvironmentalforcingtotheocean;itseffectandtherelatedoceansalinityvariabilityintheENSOregionhavebeenofincreasedinterestrecently.Currently,accuratequantificationsoftheFWFrolesintheclimateremainchallenging;therelatedobservationsandcoupledocean-atmospheremodelinginvolvelargeelementsofuncertainty.Inthisstudy,weutilizedsatellite-baseddatatorepresentFWF-inducedfeedbackinthetropicalPacificclimatesystem;wethenincorporatedthesedataintoahybridcoupledocean-atmospheremodel(HCM)toquantifyitseffectsonENSO.AnewmechanismwasrevealedbywhichinterannualFWFforcingmodulatesENSOinasignificantway.Asadirectforcing,FWFexertsasignificantinfluenceontheoceanthroughseasurfacesalinity(SSS)andbuoyancyflux(QB)inthewestern-centraltropicalPacific.TheSSSperturbationsdirectlyinducedbyENSO-relatedinterannualFWFvariabilityaffectthestabilityandmixingintheupperocean.Atthesametime,theENSO-inducedFWFhasacompensatingeffectonheatflux,actingtoreduceinterannualQBvariabilityduringENSOcycles.TheseFWF-inducedprocessesintheoceantendtomodulatetheverticalmixingandentrainmentintheupperocean,enhancingcoolingduringLaNinaandenhancingwarmingduringElNino,respectively.TheinterannualFWFforcing-inducedpositivefeedbackactstoenhanceENSOamplitudeandlengthenitstimescalesinthetropicalPacificcoupledclimatesystem.
简介:地面气象测报业务软件(OperationalSoftwareforSurfaceMeteorologicalObservation,简写为OSSMO)是为了满足(2003版,即新规范)的需要,针对各类气象站地面气象测报业务工作和各级审核部门的资料处理而编制的一套综合业务应用软件.本软件适用于人工观测和自动站观测方式的各类气象观测站以及各级审核部门对地面气象观测资料模式文件的审核及信息化处理,并充分考虑了与原地面测报软件数据格式的兼容,满足了对原数据格式文件的处理.最新版OSSMO2004软件已能做出机制年报表并生成信息化文件.2004年年报用OSSMO2004制作才符合新规范的要求.