简介：世界各地糖尿病增加是主要由于2型糖尿病患者的人数在上升。2型糖尿病越来越常见是因为：随着人的寿命延长,糖尿病更多发生在中老年人中。随着人们越来越多地迁移到市区,运动减少,吃得更多,不健康的食物,越来越多的人正变得肥胖成为2型糖尿病的主要原因。糖尿病增加一系列的眼部疾病风险,包括白内障,但是与糖尿病有关盲的主要原因是糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）。糖尿病视网膜病变通常在患糖尿病后的十至二十年之间发生并且当糖尿病未确诊及未治疗时发展更快。

简介：目的为建立耳蜗Corti器及椭圆囊体外培养实验模型。方法离休Corti器及椭圆囊组织分别在DMEM+胰岛素+20%胎牛血清+葡萄糖培养基中培养9天和Medium-199+10%胎牛血清培养基中培养20天,并与同期体内发育结果比较。结果培养组织生长良好,组织结构及细胞形态均得到较好保存,其细胞分化程度与体内同期类似,无退化现象。结论该方法不仅能使组织结构及细胞形态得到保存,而且保留了细胞的活性,为耳毒性药物的作用及机制、毛细胞再生研究提供了有实用价值的实验模型。

简介：AIM:Tostudythedistributionofocularhigher-orderaberrations(HOAs)andmesopicpupilsizeinindividualsscreenedforrefractivesurgery.·METHODS:OcularHOAsandmesopicpupilsizewerestudiedin2458eyesof1240patientswithmyopia,myopicastigmatismandcompoundmyopicastigmatismand215eyesof110patientswithhyperopia,hyperopicastigmatismandcompoundhyperopicastigmatismusingtheZywaveaberrometer(Busch&Lomb).Allpatientshadcorrectablerefractiveerrorswithoutahistoryofrefractivesurgeryorunderlyingdiseases.Root-mean-squarevaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberration,totalcomaandmesopicpupilsizewereanalyzed.OcularHOAsweremeasuredacrossa≥6.0mmpupil,andpupilsizemeasurementswereperformedunderthemesopiccondition.·RESULTS:ThemeanvaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberrationandtotalcomainthemyopicgroupwere0.369μm,±0.233,0.133±0.112μmand0.330±0.188μm,respectively.InthehyperopicgroupthemeanvaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberrationandtotalcomawere0.418μm±0.214,0.202±0.209μmand0.343±0.201μm,respectively.HyperopesshowedgreatertotalHOAs(P<0.01)andtotalsphericalaberration(P<0.01)comparedtomyopes.Inage-matchedanalysis,onlytheamountoftotalsphericalaberrationwashigherinthehyperopicgroup(P=0.05).Mesopicpupilsizeinthemyopicgroupwaslarger(P≤0.05).·CONCLUSION:TheresultssuggestedthatsignificantlevelsofHOAswerefoundinbothgroupswhichareimportantforplanningrefractivesurgeriesonIranians.Thereweresignificantlyhigherlevelsoftotalsphericalaberrationinhyperopescomparedtomyopes.Mesopicpupilsizewaslargerinmyopicgroup.

简介：目的观察采用制霉素搽剂治疗外耳道真菌病的疗效。方法对2008年7月至2010年7月确诊的212例（264耳）外耳道真菌病患者采用制霉素搽剂进行治疗，观察其疗效。结果经过2～4周的治疗，251例治愈，其中疗程2周41例、3周183例、3周以上27例。停药后随访3个月至1年，复发19例，均发生在停药后3个月内。新增非治疗耳患病数13耳。复发和新增耳均采取制霉素搽剂灌注浸泡疗法，疗程不少于2周。全部病例随访3个月以上无复发。结论制霉素搽剂是治疗外耳道真菌病较理想的外用制剂。

简介：目的：改良法建立大鼠后发性白内障动物模型并观察LEC在PCO过程中的动态变化。方法：SD大鼠50只在连续环形撕囊、水分离后行晶状体囊外摘除术（ECLE）,娩核后使用无菌空气恢复前房。分别于术后0,3,7,14及28d对术眼进行裂隙灯检查并处死动物,摘除眼球行光镜观察,免疫组化检测LEC的α-SMA表达。结果：100%术眼后囊膜存在,84%的鼠眼可用于检测。术后0h于前囊下和赤道部的内表面观察到LEC。PCO在术后3d出现,出现囊膜皱缩,整个晶体囊膜出现纺锤形细胞。术后7d时后囊膜明显混浊,见较多纺锤形细胞分布。所有动物于术后14d出现明显后囊膜皱缩,可见新生晶体纤维。术后28d见明显后囊膜增厚,新生晶体纤维填充囊袋,后囊膜未见细胞。LEC形态及分布恢复到术后0h状态。免疫组化检测见术后3d时α-SMA阳性表达。结论：改良法成功建立大鼠PCO模型,LEC在PCO形成中出现形态和分布上的动态变化。其将为在分子水平上探索PCO的发病机制及防治方法提供合适研究载体。

简介：目的：评价VisuMax飞秒激光与MoriaOneUse-PlusSBK角膜板层刀制作超薄角膜瓣的舒适性与安全性。方法：回顾性病例系列研究。统计同期接受角膜屈光手术的778例1556眼（VisuMax飞秒激光组即A组384例768眼,SBK角膜板层刀组即B组394例788眼）,对比术中舒适度评分、角膜瓣相关并发症、角膜瓣切口出血、球结膜下出血的发生率,评价两种方法的舒适性与安全性。结果：术中舒适度方面,感觉极不舒适,难以忍受者A组5例（1.3%）,B组28例（7.1%）;术中角膜瓣切口出血A组4眼（0.5%）,B组74眼（9.4%）;球结膜下出血A组18眼（2.3%）,B组82眼（10.4%）;角膜瓣边缘不齐A组0眼（0）,B组94（11.9%）;A组有4眼（0.5%）出现角膜瓣上皮部分剥脱,但未影响成功掀瓣及手术,A组有53眼（6.9%）发生角膜层间气泡（OBL）。两组无其它相关并发症。结论：两种方法安全可靠,均无严重影响术后视觉质量的角膜瓣相关并发症。

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheaccuracyofintraocularpressure(IOP)asmeasuredbyaReichertOcularResponseAnalyzer(ORA),aswellastherelationshipbetweencentralcornealthickness(CCT)andIOPasmeasuredbyORA,Goldmannapplanationtonometry(GAT),anddynamiccontourtonometry(DCT).·METHODS:Atotalof158healthyindividuals(296eyes)werechosenrandomlyformeasurementofIOP.AfterCCTwasmeasuredusingA-ultrasound(A-US),IOPwasmeasuredbyORA,GAT,andDCTdevicesinarandomizedorder.TheIOPvaluesacquiredusingeachofthethreetonometrieswerecompared,andtherelationshipbetweenCCTandIOPvalueswereanalyzedseparately.TwoIOPvalues,Goldmann-correlatedIOPvalue(IOPg)andcorneal-compensatedintraocularpressure(IOPcc),weregotusingORA.ThreegroupsweredefinedaccordingtoCCT:1)thincornea(CCT<520μm);2)normal-thicknesscornea(CCT:520-580μm);and3)thickcornea(CCT>580μm)groups.·RESULTS:Innormalsubjects,IOPmeasurementswere14.95±2.99mmHgwithORA(IOPg),15.21±2.77mmHgwithORA(IOPcc),15.22±2.77mmHgwithGAT,and15.49±2.56mmHgwithDCT.Meandifferenceswere0.01±2.29mmHgbetweenIOPccandGAT(P>0.05)and0.28±2.20mmHgbetweenIOPccandDC(P>0.05).TherewasagreatercorrelationbetweenIOPccandDCT(r=0.946,P=0.000)thanthatbetweenIOPccandGAT(r=0.845,P=0.000).DCThadasignificantcorrelationwithGAT(r=0.854,P=0.000).GATwasmoderatelycorrelatedwithCCT(r=0.296,P<0.001),whileIOPccshowedaweakbutsignificantcorrelationwithCCT(r=0.155,P=0.007).TherewasastrongnegativecorrelationbetweenCCTandthedifferencebetweenIOPccandGAT(r=-0.803,P=0.000),withevery10increaseinCCTresultinginanincreaseinthisdifferenceof0.35mmHg.Thethickcorneagroup(CCT>580μm)showedtheleastsignificantcorrelationbetweenIOPccandGAT(r=0.859,P=0.000);whilethethincorneagroup(CCT<520μm)hadthemostsignificantcorrelationbetweenIOPccandGAT(r=0.926,P=0.000).ThecorrelateddifferencesbetweenIOPccan

简介：AIM:Toestablishanuntransfectedhumancornealstromal(HCS)celllineandcharacterizeitsbiocompatibilitytoacellularporcinecornealstroma(aPCS).·METHODS:PrimaryculturewasinitiatedwithapurepopulationofHCScellsinDMEM/F12media(pH7.2)containing20%fetalbovineserumandvariousnecessarygrowthfactors.Theestablishedcelllinewascharacterizedbygrowthproperty,chromosomeanalysis,tumorigenicityassay,expressionofmarkerproteinsandfunctionalproteins.Furthermore,thebiocompatibilityofHCScellswithaPCSwasexaminedthroughhistologicalandimmunocytochemistryanalysesandwithlight,electronmicroscopies.·RESULTS:HCScellsproliferatedtoconfluence2weekslaterinprimarycultureandhavebeensubculturedtopassage140sofar.AcontinuousuntransfectedHCScelllinewithapopulationdoublingtimeof41.44hoursatpassage80hasbeendetermined.Resultsofchromosomeanalysis,morphology,combinedwiththeresultsofexpressionofmarkerproteinandfunctionalproteinssuggestedthatthecellsretainedHCScellproperties.Furthermore,HCScellshavenotumorigenicity,andwithexcellentbiocompatibilitytoaPCS.·CONCLUSION:Anuntransfectedandnon-tumorigenicHCScelllinehasbeenestablished,andthecellsmaintainedpositiveexpressionofmarkerproteinsandfunctionalproteins.Thecellline,withexcellentbiocompatibilitytoaPCS,mightbeusedforinvitroreconstructionoftissue-engineeredHCS.