简介：Microgridsarelocalpowersystemsthatmayormaynotbeconnectedtothedistributionsystemandaretypicallycontrolledbythelocaloperator.Interestinmicrogridsisrisinganditislikelythatthenumberofmicrogridsconnectedtodistributionnetworkswillincrease.Currently,thereisnoconsensusonhowmicrogridswillinteractwiththedistributionsystem―theyhavethepotentialtothreatenstability,ortoassist.Howevermicrogrids,withtheiremphasisonsophisticatedcontrolinordertomanagetheirparticularchallenges,addressmanyoftheproblemsthatwillberequiredtoovercomeinrealizingthesmartgrid.Thispaperexaminessomeoftheissuesinvolvedinconnectingmicrogridstothedistributionnetworks,andillustrateshowmicrogridshaveakeyroletoplayinthedevelopmentofthesmartgrid.

简介：Theelectricindustryisbeingtransformedfromacentralizednetworktoonethatislesscentralizedandallowsmoreconsumerinteractionintheformofasmartgrid.Thereisalsoastrongcommitmentbymostcountriestoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandglobalwarmingthroughtheuseofrenewableenergyresources.Thelocallyavailablerenewableresources,suchaswind,solar,tidal

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简介：Thispaperpresentsthedesign,implementationandtestingofanembeddedsystemthatintegratessolarandstorageenergyresourcestosmarthomeswithinthesmartmicrogrid.Theproposedsystemprovidestherequiredhomeenergybyinstallingrenewableenergyandstoragedevices.Italsomanagesandschedulesthepowerflowduringpeakandoff-peakperiods.Inaddition,atwo-waycommunicationprotocolisdevelopedtoenablethehomeownersandtheutilityserviceprovidertoimprovetheenergyflowandtheconsumptionefficiency.Thesystemcanbeanintegralpartforhomesinasmartgridorsmartmicrogridpowernetworks.Aprototypefortheproposedsystemwasdesigned,implementedandtestedbyusingacontrolledloadbanktosimulateascaledrandomrealhouseconsumptionbehavior.Threedifferentscenariosweretestedandtheresultsandfindingsarereported.Moreover,dataflowsecurityamongthehome,homeownersandutilityserverisdevelopedtominimizecyber-attacks.

简介：Thesolarphotovoltaic(PV)moduleoutputvoltagechangesaccordingtothevariationoflightintensityandtemperature.ThispaperpresentstheimplementationofanautomaticdigitalcontrollerofaDC-DCboostconverterwithoutbatteriesforasolarcellmodulebyusingaperipheralinterfacecontroller,whichformsaclosedloop,tocontroltheON-OFFperiodoftheswitchingpulse.TheoutputofDC-DCconverterismaintainedbyautomaticallyincreasingordecreasingthepulsewidth.Toproducethepulsewidthmodulation(PWM),themicrocontrollerisprogrammedaccordingtotherequireddutycycleforthepowerswitch.ThePWMONperiodisincreasedwiththedecreaseinthePVvoltageandvice-versa.TheinputvoltagetotheinverterismaintainedconstantlyandisconvertedintoanACsignalbyusingthemetal-oxide-semiconductorfieldeffecttransistor(MOSFET)H-bridgeoperatedinthesinusoidalpulsewidthmodulationmodebyusingaPIC(peripheralinterfacecontroller)microcontroller.ThegeneratedACsignalcanbeconnectedtotheACgridortotheACload.ThesimulatedresultsbyusingProteus8andhardwareimplementedresultsverifytheeffectivenessoftheproposedcontroller.

简介：ＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆＭｕｌｔｉ－ＧｒｉｄＭｅｔｈｏｄｔｏｔｈｅＣｏｐｕｔａｔｉｏｎｏｆＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃＳｃａｔｅｒｉｎｇＰｒｏｂｌｅｍｓTXＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆＭｕｌｔｉＧｒｉｄＭｅｔｈｏｄｔｏｔｈｅＣｏｍｐｕｔａｔｉｏｎｏ...

简介：DigitalnetworkedcommunicationsarethekeytoallInternet-of-Thingsapplications,especiallytosmartmeteringsystemsandthesmartgrid.Inordertoensureasafeoperationofsystemsandtheprivacyofusers,thetransportlayersecurity(TLS)protocol,amatureandwellstandardizedsolutionforsecurecommunications,maybeused.WeimplementedtheTLSprotocolinitslatestversioninawaysuitableforembeddedandresource-constrainedsystems.ThispaperoutlinesthechallengesandopportunitiesofdeployingTLSinsmartmeteringandsmartgridapplicationsandpresentsperformanceresultsofourTLSimplementation.Ouranalysisshowsthatgivenanappropriateimplementationandconfiguration,deployingTLSinconstrainedsmartmeteringsystemsispossiblewithacceptableoverhead.

简介：这份报纸讨论由连接到在在微格子的系统有精力存储系统和力量电子学的角色的微格子的systems.The好处形式的本地负担的分布式的代组成的未来力量系统是纸也检验让一个关键角色怎么微格子在聪明的格子的发展玩的presented.This。

简介：Thepapergivesanoverviewontheneedforsmartcouplingforbatterymanagementingridintegratedrenewableenergysystem(RES).Gridintegratedphotovoltaic(PV)batterysystem,asbeingpopularandextensivelyusedhasbeendiscussedinthepaper.SmartcouplingreferstointelligentgridintegrationsuchthatitcanforeseelocalnetworkconditionsandissuebatterypowerflowmanagementstrategyaccordinglytoshavethepeakPVandpeakload.Therefore,aneedforpredictiveenergymanagementarisesforsmartintegrationtothegridandsupervisionofthepowerflowinaccordancetothegridconditions.ThisisalsoarunningprojectattheInstituteofEnergySystems(INES),OffenburgUniversityofAppliedScience,GermanysinceJanuary,2015.Thepapershouldprovideinsightstothemotivation,needandgivesanoutlooktothefeaturesofdesiredpredictiveenergymanagementsystem(PEMS).

简介：Wirelesssensornetworks(WSNs)arebasedonmonitoringormanagingthesensingareabyusingthelocationinformationwithsensornodes.Mostsensornodesrequirehardwaresupportorreceivepacketswithlocationinformationtoestimatetheirlocations,whichneedslotsoftimeorcosts.Inthispaperweproposedalocalizationmechanismusingamobilereferencenode(MRN)andtrilaterationinWSNstoreducetheenergyconsumptionandlocationerror.Thesimulationresultsdemonstratethattheproposedmechanismcanobtainmoreunknownnodeslocationsbythemobilereferencenodemovingschemeandwilldecreasestheenergyconsumptionandaveragelocationerror.

简介：Theworkpresentsademandsideresponse(DSR)model,whichassistselectricityconsumerstoproactivelymitigatepeakdemandonelectricalnetworksinEasternandSouthernAustralia.Alow-costtechnicalarrangement,whichismadeofInternetrelay,arouter,solidstateswitches,andthesuitablesoftware,isusedtocontrolelectricitydemandatuser’spremises.Themodelallowsshiftingloadsfrompeaktooff-peakperiodsinordertoreducepeaks,whichhelpstomoderatethenationalelectricaldemand.Themodelcanbeconcurrentlyusedtoaccommodatetheutilizationofrenewableenergysourcesandtheintroductionofelectricvehicles.Theresultspresentpossiblesavingsontheelectricalenergyconsumptioninthedesignatedregions.

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简介：ThispaperpresentsanopportunityforenergymanagementwithanintegratedphotovoltaicandwindfarmfortheenergyandeconomicaspectsofthecommercialarealocatedinPutrajaya.Theenergyeconomyaccessionconformingtothewindspeed,temperature,solarirradiation,andenergyconsumptiononadailybasisistakenintoconsideration.Designanalysisisdonethroughtheindustrystandardnumericaltool.Fromtheresultanalysis,therecommendedratioofrenewableshareminimizingstresstotheelectricgridisproposed.Accordingtothesolutionsobtainedfromthenumericaldesigntool,photovoltaicisrecommendedtobemoreenergyefficientandeconomicallyviableincomparisonofthefullycrowdedwindfarm.Fromtheproposedsolutions,thephotovoltaicisabletoprovide51%oftheenergyconsumedanditcostsRM0.365perkW/h.

简介：27-30September2011,Chengdu,Chinahttp://www.icsgce.com/2011IEEEInternationalConferenceonSmartGridandCleanEnergyTechnologies(IEEEICSGCE2011)willbeheldinSeptember27-30,2011inChengdu,China.IEEEICSGCE2011issponsoredbytheInstituteofElectricalandElectronicEngineers(IEEE),Journal

简介：Automationhasarrivedinthelowvoltagegriddomain.Inthenextfewyears,thesecondarysubstation-atthebarriersofmediumandlowvoltagegrids-willthusbeupgradedtoenablenovelfunctions.Inthispaper,wepresentvarioussmartgridapplicationsrunningonsuchintelligentsecondarysubstations(iSSN)includingtheirinteractionwitheachother.Weintegrateenergyconsumptionandproductiondata,aswellasforecasts,sensedfromthesmartbuildings’energymanagementsystems(BEMSs)intotheoperationofthelowvoltagegrid.Asuitableframeworkforthosemodularapplicationsincludesfeaturestoinitiatetheirinstallation,update,removal,theremoteoperatorsite,andnotrequiringstaffon-siteforsuchtypicalreappearingmaintenancetasks.

简介：Thispaperdiscussestheapplicationsofahybridmulti-agentframeworkforself-healingapplicationsinanintelligentsmartgridsystemfollowingcatastrophicdisturbancessuchaslossofgeneratorsorduringsystemfault.Theproposedhybridmulti-agentframeworkisahybridofbothcentralizedanddecentralizedschemetoallowdistributedintelligentagentinthesmartgridsystemtomakefastlocaldecisionwhileallowingtheslowercentralcontrollertojudgetheeffectivenessofthedecisionmadebythelocalagentsandtosuggestmoreoptimalsolutions.

简介：Thispaperpresentsthedesignandimplementationofanenergymanagementsystem(EMS)withwavelettransformandfuzzycontrolforaresidentialmicro-grid.Thehybridsysteminthispaperconsistsofawindturbinegenerator,photovoltaic(PV)panels,anelectricvehicle(EV),andasupercapacitor(SC),whichisabletoconnectordisconnecttothemaingrid.Thecontrolstrategyisresponsibleforcompensatingthedifferencebetweenthegeneratedpowerbythewindandsolargeneratorsandthedemandedpowerbytheloads.Wavelettransformdecomposesthepowerdifferenceintoasmoothedcomponentandafastfluctuatedcomponent.Thecommandapproachusedforfuzzylogicrulesconsidersthestateofcharging(SOC)ofEV,renewableproduction,andtheloaddemandasparameters.Furthermore,thecommandrulesaredevelopedinordertoensureareliablegridwhentakingintoaccounttheEVbatteryprotectiontodecidetheoutputpoweroftheEV.ThemodelofthehybridsystemisdevelopedindetailunderMatlab/Simulinksoftwareenvironment.

简介：摘要绿地集团作为房地产行业综合排名第五的大型国有企业于2015年8月成功借壳上市,本文通过研究绿地集团由于政策模糊和交易方式不明确使得在借壳上市过程中存在的税企争议和不同理解下借壳双方的税务差异,为其他拟通过借壳上市的企业提供一定的参考和借鉴。

简介：<正>说起深圳市光明集团有限公司(以下简称"光明集团"),很多人脑海里浮现的可能是光明集团旗下的晨光牛奶、光明农场等品牌产品。很少人知道光明集团的主营业务除了乳业、生态观光农业外,其实还涉猎了高新技术产业、工业和房地产业等行业。实际上,进入二十一世纪后,光明集团董事会及经营班子充分认识到企业战略性改组和产业转型的重要性,把自主创新作为未来发展的主导战略,确立了"3+2"模式的发展定位,即将集团

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