简介：1.ThebasicsofmiRNA-mediatedregulationTheplasticityofskeletalmuscleisofutmostimportanceforrespondingtoandcopingwithenvironmentaldemandsthatemergefromchangesinphysicalactivitypatterns,nourishment,hormonalstatus,andhealth.Asiswellknown,asedentarylifestyle,aging,immobilization,andchronicdiseasesareassociatedwithreducedmusclemassandfunction,whileregularexerciseimprovesmusclefunctionandreducestherateofdecrementthroughoutlife.However,wedonothaveacompleteunderstandingofthemolecularfactorscontrollingskeletalmuscleadaptationtoexercisestimuli.RecentlyidentifiedmicroRNAmolecules(miRNAs)haverapidlygained

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简介：Anewmethodofsuper-resolutionimagereconstructionisproposed,whichusesathree-step-trainingerrorbackpropagationneuralnetwork(BPNN)torealizethesuper-resolutionreconstruction(SRR)ofsatelliteimage.ThemethodisbasedonBPNN.First,threegroupslearningsampleswithdifferentresolutionsareobtainedaccordingtoimageobservationmodel,andthenvectormappingsarerespectivelyusedtothosethreegrouplearningsamplestospeeduptheconvergenceofBPNN,atlast,threetimesconsecutivetrainingarecarriedontheBPNN.Trainingsamplesusedineachstepareofhigherresolutionthanthoseusedintheprevioussteps,sotheincreasingweightsstoreagreatamountofinformationforSRR,andnetworkperformanceandgeneralizationabilityareimprovedgreatly.Simulationandgeneralizationtestsarecarriedonthewell-trainedthree-step-trainingNNrespectively,andthereconstructionresultswithhigherresolutionimagesverifytheeffectivenessandvalidityofthismethod.

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简介：Thearticleexaminestheworldexperienceofe-learningaswellasdistanceeducationtechnologieswithintheeducationprocessorganizationonhigherandpost-highereducationprograms.Therehavebeenlistedtheresultsofthemostpopulare-leamingplatformsanalysis.Furthermore,therehavebeenlookedthroughthecorelegislativebackgroundofthedevelopmentofthementionedtechnologiesinRussiaandworldwideamongtheuniversities,specializedinseafarerstraining.TherehavebeenalsodrawnupthepointsoftheAdmiralMakarovStateUniversityofMaritimeandInlandShipping(AdmiralMakarovSUMIS)designofthedistanceeducationsystemLMS“FARWATER”incompliancewiththeInternationalConventiononStandardsofTraining,CertificationandWatchkeepingforSeafarers(STCWConvention).Thepracticalapplicationofdistanceeducationsystemtotheadvancedprofessionaltraininghasbeendiscussedinthearticle.

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简介：数字化工具在企业管理中的运用,不仅丰富了管理手段和方法,而且大大提高了管理效率.E-Training系统正是教字化管理与企业培训开发结合的产物,它具有传统企业培训系统所没有的优势.在构建实施E-Training系统时必须考虑适当的环境支持因素,按照培训职能开展的流程和步骤进行构建实施,同时要注意课件建设、版权和技术选择等问题.

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简介：REPUBLICACTNO.7638（RA7638)-anactcreatingtheDepartmentofEnergy,rationalizingtheorganizationandfunctionsofgovernmentagenciesrelatedtoenergy,andforotherpurposes.Thisactisalsoknownasthe“departmentofenergyactof1992”.

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简介：AbstractPurpose:It is challenging to prepare military surgeons with the skills of combat damage control surgery (CDCS). The current study aimed to establish a damage control surgery (DCS) training platform for explosive combined thoraco-abdominal injuries.Methods:The training platform established in this study consisted of 3 main components: (1) A 50 m × 50 m square yard was constructed as the explosion site. Safety was assessed through cameras. (2) Sixteen pigs were injured by an explosion of trinitrotoluene attached with steel balls and were randomly divided into the DCS group (accepted DCS) and the control group (have not accepted DCS). The mortality rate was observed. (3) The literature was reviewed to identify the key factors for assessing CDCS, and testing standards for CDCS were then established. Expert questionnaires were employed to evaluate the scientificity and feasibility of the testing standards. Then, a 5-day training course with incorporated tests was used to test the efficacy of the established platform. In total, 30 teams attended the first training course. The scores that the trainees received before and after the training were compared. SPSS 11.0 was employed to analyze the results.Results:The high-speed video playback confirmed the safety of the explosion site as no explosion fragments projected beyond the wall. No pig died within 24 h when DCS was performed, while 7 pigs died in the control group. After a literature review, assessment criteria for CDCS were established that had a total score of 100 points and had 4 major parts: leadership and team cooperation, resuscitation, surgical procedure, and final outcome. Expert questionnaire results showed that the scientific score was 8.6 ± 1.25, and the feasibility score was 8.74 ± 1.19. When compared with the basic level, the trainees' score improved significantly after training.Conclusion:The platform established in this study was useful for CDCS training.

简介：AbstractPurpose:To develop animal models of penetrating thoracic injuries and to observe the effects of the animal model-based training on improving the trainees’ performance for emergent and urgent thoracic surgeries.Methods:With a homemade machine, animal models of lung injuries and penetrating heart injuries were produced in porcine and used for training of chest tube drainage, urgent sternotomy, and emergent thoracotomy. Coefficient of variation of abbreviated injury scale and blood loss was calculated to judge the reproducibility of animal models. Five operation teams from basic-level hospitals (group A) and five operation teams from level III hospitals (group B) were included to be trained and tested. Testing standards for the operations were established after thorough literature review, and expert questionnaires were employed to evaluate the scientificity and feasibility of the testing standards. Tests were carried out after the training. Pre- and post-training performances were compared. Post-training survey using 7-point Likert scale was taken to evaluate the feelings of the trainees to these training approaches.Results:Animal models of the three kinds of penetrating chest injuries were successfully established and the coefficient of variation of abbreviated injury scale and blood loss were all less than 25%. After literature review, testing standards were established, and expert questionnaire results showed that the scientific score was 7.30 ± 1.49, and the feasibility score was 7.50 ± 0.89. Post-training performance was significantly higher in both group A and group B than pre-training performance. Post-training survey showed that all the trainees felt confident in applying the operations and were generally agreed that the training procedure were very helpful in improving operation skills for thoracic penetrating injury.Conclusions:Animal model-based simulation training established in the current study could improve the trainees’ performance for emergent and urgent thoracic surgeries, especially of the surgical teams from basic-level hospitals.

简介：Neuromuscularactivityissuppressedduringmaximaleccentric（ECC）musclecontractioninuntrainedsubjectsowingtoattenuatedlevelsofcentralactivationandreducedspinalmotorneuron（MN）excitabilityindicatedbyreducedelectromyographysignalamplitude,diminishedevokedH-reflexresponses,increasedautogenicMNinhibition,anddecreasedexcitabilityindescendingcorticospinalmotorpathways.MaximumECCmuscleforcerecordedduringmaximalvoluntarycontractioncanbeincreasedbysuperimposedelectricalmusclestimulationonlyinuntrainedindividualsandnotintrainedstrengthathletes,indicatingthatthesuppressioninMNactivationismodifiablebyresistancetraining.Insupportofthisnotion,maximumECCmusclestrengthcanbeincreasedbyuseofheavy-loadresistancetrainingowingtoaremovedordiminishedsuppressioninneuromuscularactivity.Prolonged（weekstomonths）ofheavy-loadresistancetrainingresultsinincreasedH-reflexandV-waveresponsesduringmaximalECCmuscleactionsalongwithmarkedgainsinmaximalECCmusclestrength,indicatingincreasedexcitabilityofspinalMNs,decreasedpresynapticand/orpostsynapticMNinhibition,andelevateddescendingmotordrive.Notably,theuseofsupramaximalECCresistancetrainingcanleadtoselectivelyelevatedV-waveresponsesduringmaximalECCcontraction,demonstratingthatadaptivechangesinspinalcircuitryfunctionand/orgainsindescendingmotordrivecanbeachievedduringmaximalECCcontractioninresponsetoheavy-loadresistancetraining.

简介：这研究的PurposeThe目的是比较在膝extensors.MethodsSixty的力量和力量上在一样的加速下面在各种各样的频率和振幅设置训练程序的8星期的整个身体的颤动的效果--四个年轻参加者随机与一样的加速(4g)被分到4个组中的1个：高频率和低振幅(n=16，32Hz，1mm)组，中等频率和中等振幅(n=16，18Hz，3mm)组，低频率和高振幅(n=16，3Hz，114mm)组织，并且控制n=16，没有颤动)组。参加者8星期与身体训练经历了的所有集中动态蹲，3个会议结果显示出的week.ResultsThe高频率和低振幅组在等轴的收缩力量和120摥琠?硥浡湩?桷瑥敨?显著地增加了?敭瑮污琠慲湩湩?湩整癲湥楴湯挠湡椠据敲獡?桴?敬敶?景倠?湩礠畯杮朠物獬?瑥潨獤?慳灭敬漠??朠物獬愠敧吗？？

简介：AbstractIntroduction:Currently, interventions for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in China are mainly carried out by professionals in rehabilitation institutions and special schools. However, when autistic children are older, they do not receive effective training and treatment, and there is no specific place in society to accommodate autistic adults. Mental hospitals are usually their ultimate home.Case presentation:We report a 22-year-old male with ASD. The manifestation and/or intervention from the age of 3 years to now were recorded. He has been hospitalized in the closed ward of a mental hospital since 2015.Conclusion:This report typically present the current problems in treatment and training of autistic children growing up in China. Life-long rehabilitation training is important for every patient with ASD. Relevant policies and resources in China should be optimized in terms of medical treatment and health care, education and training, social assistance, social security, labor employment, and social culture.