简介：Astheopeningyearofthe'TwelfthFive-YearPlan,'drivenbythesteadyandfasteconomicgrowth,theyearof2011sawChina'srisingdemandforelectricity,resultinginregionalpowershortages.Subjectedtomultiplefactorssuchastheweatherconditions,thecontradictionsbetweencoalsupplyandpowergenerationandthestructuralproblemsinthepowersystem,powersupplyshortageacrossthenationbecameincreasinglycritical.Atthesametime,theNortheastandNorthwestChina,plusInnerMongolia,oftenexperiencedpowergenerationsurplusanddifficultiesinsendingpowertootherregions.Thispaperreviewstheoverallsituationofthenationalelectricpowersupplyin2011,elaboratesonthecurrentcontradictionsinthepowerdemandandsupplyandpresentsanin-depthanalysisofcausesandcorrespondingcountermeasures.

简介：Globalpolitics(includingglobalpolitico-economics)andtheinternationalorderarevastandconfusingtopicsthathaveattractedmanycommentators.IwilltrytobringsomefreshmeaninginmyargumenttodayandsoIwillfirstmakeabroadandin-depthreviewofrecentdevelopmentsinseveralmajoraspectsinordertointroducesome

简介：Asingle-axisfluxdecaymodelincludinganexcitationcontrolmodelproposedin[12,14,16]isstudied.AsthebifurcationparameterPm(inputpowertothegenerator)varies,thesystemexhibitsdynamicsemergingfromstaticanddynamicbifurcationswhichlinkwithsystemcollapse.Weshowthattheequilibriumpointofthesystemundergoesthreebifurcations:onesaddle-nodebifurcationandtwoHopfbifurcations.Thestatevariablesdominatingsystemcollapsearedifferentfordifferentcriticalpoints,andtheexcitativecontrolmayplayanimportantroleindelayingsystemfromcollapsing.Simulationsarepresentedtoillustratethedynamicalbehaviorassociatedwiththepowersystemstabilityandcollapse.Moreover,bycomputingthelocalquadraticapproximationofthe5-dimensionalstablemanifoldatanorder5saddlepoint,ananalyticalexpressionfortheapproximatestabilityboundaryisworkedout.

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简介：ThroughtheanalysisonChina'seconomicdevelopment,utilizationofresourceenvironmentandsoftpower,abasicjudgmentwasmadeoftheinfluenceof'Chinadevelopment'.TheoverallinfluentialpowerofChinadevelopmentoninternationalcommunitywasmisunderstood.Whatweseeistheroleof'ChinaFactor'indifferentfields.Intheprocessofeconomicglobalization,whateconomicsystemofcapitalistmarkethasseenis'China'scheaplabor','China'slooseeconomicsystemenvironment','earlierabuseofunlimitedresourceenvironment','China'sbroadconsumptionmarket'and'demographicdividend'.InglobalorAsianfinancialcrisis,whatothercountriesvaluedwasChina's'foreigncurrency'accumulatedovertheyears.Inglobalgovernanceorcrisismanagement,whatinternationalcommunityexpectedwas'China'sobligationsandresponsibilities'withouttherightofspeech,etc..Allthesearethe'passive'rolesproducedby'asinglefactor'indefinitefields.TheactiveandinitiativeroleChinawillplayininternationalcommunitystillneedstimeandthecontinuouseffortsofseveralgenerations.Chinaoncewasabigcountrythathadsignificantinfluentialpowerontheworld,andChina'srenaissanceisanormalprocessofdevelopmentofthings.WhatexcessivetalksaboutitsinfluentialpowerreflectmaybethelackofChina'sinfluence.

简介：1.IntroductionTheNortheastPowerSystemisoneofthefourbulkpowersystemsinChina,whichcoverstheprovincesofLiaoning,Jilin,HeilongjiangandasmallpartofInnerMongolia.Thetotalinstalledcapacityin1990was21,300MWandthepeakdemandwas13,600MW.TheControlCenterisinShenyang.Thedispatchingautomationsystemwhichismainlycomposedofadualcomputersystem(2XVAX785)wasinstalledandputintooperationin1988.Theplanto

简介：Fourpowerstationprojectsworth10.37billionYuan($1.66billion)wereapprovedonNovember12byChina'sNationalDevelopmentandReformCommission(NDRC).Thepowerstationswereapprovedmainlyforenergyconservationandemissionsreduction,whilethesteelplantwasrelocatedtoprotecttheenvironment.Thefourprojectscomprisetwo300MW

简介：ThenortheasternChinahadaninstalledcapacityof41,730MWattheendof2004,ofwhichthermalpower35,860MW,hydropower5630MWandwindpower240MW.Itstotalgeneratingcapacityisexpectedtoreach100,000MWupto2020.Duringthe1lthFive-YearPlan,theNortheastPowerGridwillstartconstructingpowersourceprojectsof20,320MW,ofwhichconventionalhydropower100MW,pumpedstoragepower800MW,thermalpower16,940MW,nuclearpower2000MWandwindpower480MW.

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简介：AtypeofsilicondetectorknownasAXUV(absoluteextremeultraviolet)photodiodesissuccessfullyusedtomeasuretheradiatedpowerinEAST.Thedetectorischaracterizedbycompactstructure,fasttemporalresponse(<0.5s)andflatspectralsensitivityintherangefromultra-violettoX-ray.Two16-channelAXUVarraysareinstalledinEASTtoviewthewholepoloidalcross-sectionofplasma.Basedonthediagnosticsystem,typicalradiationdistributionsforbothlimiteranddivertorplasmaareobtainedandcompared.Asdivertordetachmentoccurs,theradiationdistributioninX-pointregionisobservedtovarydistinctly.Thetotalradiationpowerlossesindischargeswithdifferentplasmaparametersarebrieflyanalyzed.

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简介：ThankstotheeffortsjointlymadebytheChinesebuyerandtheTechnopromexportasSeller,contractsonSuizhongandYiminpowerplantprojects,identifiedascounter-tradeprojectsintheSino-SovietLongTermTradeAgreement(1986-1990),weresignedonDecember27and30,1990re-spectively.

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简介：Beingoneofthemarketsmoststimulatingtoinvestors,theChinesepowermarkethasalreadyshownitsinvestmentopportunitiesthatnoinvestorcanignore.Butpresently,whetherexperiencedpowerenterprisesinmarketparticipationorgreenhandspreparedforrushingintothemarket,theywilldiscoverthatevenunderderegulationcondition,therearestillmanyinevitableandunsolvablenonmarketproblemsexistinginpowerinvestment.

简介：In2001,CSRpowersupplysystemmadeagreatprogress.ThreeprototypesweredesignedforCSRquadrupleandcorrectmagnet.Threedifferentcompaniesprovidedthethreeprototypes,butthesamecircuit-chopperwereemployed.ThesimplifieddiagramisshowedinFig.1.Allpulsedswitchingpowersupplyprototypesweretestedsuccessfullybeforetheendof2001.

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简介：Inthispapertheeffectsofthecondenserdesignparameters(suchasturbineinletcondition.turbinepowerandcondenserpressure)onheattransferarea,coolingwaterflow-rate.condensercostandspecificenergygenerationcostarestudiedforsurfacetypecondenser.Theresultsaregiveninthetextandalsoshownasdiagrams.

简介：Windpowerpredictioniscrucialtotheoperationofthepowersystemaccommodatingalargeamountofwindpower.Fromtheperspectiveofpowerdispatch,thispaperdiscussesthecurrentsituationsofthetechnology,systembuilding,predictionerrors,theindexforevaluatingwindpowerpredictionsystemandthemainbodiesresponsiblefortheprediction.Itdelvesintotheexistingproblemssuchasincompletebasicdata,poorpredictionaccuracy,shortpredictiontimescale,aswellaslackingofpredictioninmostwindfarms.Suggestionsonimprovementareproposedincludingenhancingtheconstructionofwindpowerpredictionsystemonboththegridsideandthewindfarmside,speedingupthedevelopmentofultra-shorttermwindpowerpredictionsystem,deepeningtheresearchonwindpowerpredictiontechnology,strengtheningtheconstructionoftechnicalstandardsystemandcarryingoutcross-sectorcooperation.