简介：Editor'sNote:Duringthecelebrationofthe50thanniversaryoftheQinghai-TibetandSichuan-TibetHighways,weinterviewedSongWangui,directoroftheTibetHighwayBureau,onroadconditionsofthetwohighwaysandthetransportsituationinTibet.

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简介：EDITOR'SNOTE:SunitaDwivedi,awriterfromIndia,visitedTibetonJune8-19,2005.Aftershewentbackhome,shewroteastoryforAmarUjalaofIndia.Followingisherstory.

简介：TheFederalHighwayAdministration(FHWA)sponsoredalarge,multi-yearprojectconductedbytheMultidisciplinaryCenterforEarthquakeEngineeringResearch(MCEER)titled"SeismicVulnerabilityofNewHighwayConstruction"(MCEERProject112),whichwascompletedin1998.MCEERcoordinatedtheworkofmanyresearchers,whoperformedstudiesontheseismicdesignandvulnerabilityanalysisofhighwaybridges,tunnels,andretainingstructures.Extensiveresearchwasconductedtoproviderevisionsandimprovementstocurrentdesignanddetailingapproachesandnationaldesignspecificationsforhighwaybridges.Theprogramincludedbothanalyticalandexperimentalstudies,andaddressedseismichazardexposureandgroundmotioninputfortheU.S.highwaysystem;foundationdesignandsoilbehavior;structuralimportance,analysis,andresponse;structuraldesignissuesanddetails;andstructuraldesigncriteria.

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简介：许多高速公路桥严重地在2008Wenchuan地震期间被损坏或完全崩溃了。领域调查在强烈影响的区域被执行，超过320座桥被检验。一些代表性的高速公路桥的损坏简短被描述，损坏的可能的原因的初步的分析在这篇论文被介绍。最普通的损坏包括了墩列的砍曲折的失败，扩大关节失败，砍关键失败，并且girder由于在girder和轴承之间的弱连接在横过或纵的方向滑动。从这地震接受的教训被描述并且与弄弯并且扭曲的桥的设计有关的建议，轴承和设备的设计被介绍阻止桥墩的girder倒塌，和韧性。为未来的建议为桥在的地震设计和翻新的技术对严重地震区域中等也被建议。

简介：Inthispaper,awavelet-filteredgenetic-neuro-fuzzy(WGNF)controlsystemdesignframeworkforresponsecontrolofahighwaybridgeundervariousearthquakeloadsisdiscussed.TheWGNFcontrollerisdevelopedbycombiningfuzzylogic,discretewavelettransform,geneticalgorithms,andneuralnetworksforuseasacontrolalgorithm.ToevaluatetheperformanceoftheWGNFalgorithm,itistestedonahighwaybridgeequippedwithhydraulicactuators.Itcontrolstheactuatorsinstalledontheabutmentsofthehighwaybridgestructure.Variousearthquakesusedasinputsignalsincludeanartificialearthquake,theEl-Centro,Kobe,NorthPalmSprings,TurkeyBolu,Chi-Chi,andNorthridgeearthquakes.ItisprovedthattheWGNFcontrolsystemiseffectiveinmitigatingthevibrationofthehighwaybridgeunderavarietyofseismicexcitation.

简介：由使用包含ATH粉末的延迟火焰的多孔的沥青人行道改进隧道火保护的一个新方法被介绍。基于缩影多孔的沥青(PA)和延迟火焰的多孔的沥青(FRPA)的设计并且进行的燃烧试验，燃烧时间和温度被学习与水泥混凝土人行道，稠密等级的高端内存区和SMA作比较。燃烧试验和人行道表演测试的结果显示FRPA象高速公路隧道的人行道材料适当、合适。

简介：Objective:Tostudytheepidemiologicfeaturesofhighwaytrafficaccidentsbyanalyzingtheclinicaldataofthepatientsdiedofheadinjury.Methods:Thereaturesofthecases'age,occupation,statusofheadinjuryandcomplications.andtherescueprocedureswereretrospectivelyanalyzedbasedonthedataof214patientsdiedofheadinjury.Results:Themainvictimewereadults(78%)andpeasants(52.8%).Andtheostcommonheadinjurieswereseverecerebralcontusionwithintracranialhematomas(73.4%).Themeanarrivaltimefromtheaccidentspotstohospitalswas(2.2±1.9)h.Andthemeanintervaltimebetweenthearrivalandoperationwas(1.9±0.9)h.Primaryandsecondarybrainstemdamagewerethemaincausesofearlydeath.Yetpulmonaryinfectionandmultipleorgansfailurewerethecommonreasonsforlatedeath.Conclusions:Enhancingthepropagandafortrafficregulations,establishingperfectpre-hospitalandin-hospitalEMS(emergencymedicalservice)system,catchingtheopportunityofoperation,andpreventingcomplicationsareessentialtoreducethemortalityoftrafficaccidentsinducedheadtrauma.

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简介：Avisualobject-orientedsoftwareforlanefollowingonintelligenthighwaysystem(IHS)isproposed.Accordingtoobject-orientedtheory,3typicaluserservicesofself-check,transferofhumandrivingandautomaticrunningandabnormalinformationinputfromthesensorsarechosenout.Inaddition,thefunctionsofreal-timedisplay,informationexchanginginterface,determinationandoperationinterweavinginthe3userservicesareseparatedinto5object-orientedclasses.Moreover,the5classesareorganizedinthevisualdevelopmentenvironment.Atlast,experimentalresultprovesthevalidityandreliabilityofthecontrolapplication.

简介：Vehicularnodepositioningneedstobequickandpreciseonhighwayforsafetyconsidera-tion.Inthispaper,wepresentanovelandpracticalvehicularnodepositioningmethodwhichcanachieveahigheraccuracyandmorereliabilitythantheexistingglobal-positioning-system-basedpo-sitioningsolutionsbymakinguseofDoppler-shiftedfrequencymeasurementstakenbyvehicularnodeitself.Thispositioningmethodusesinfrastructurenodeswhichareplacedontheroadsideeveryseveralkilometersasradiationsourcestoestimatetherelativedistancesofvehicletotheinfrastructurenode.Throughcoordinateconversion,wegettheabsolutecoordinatesofvehicularnodebasedonknownabsolutecoordinatesofinfrastructurenode.Wealsoanalyzetheoptimaldistanceofneighborinfra-structurenodesinordertoensureahighaccuracy.Inaddition,simulationresultsdemonstratethattheaccuracyofourmethodwithExtendedKalmanFiltering(EKF)issuperiortothemethodwithoutEKF.

简介：与被动多项式磨擦摆钟隔离乾(PFPI)孤立的一座基准高速公路桥的地震反应被调查并且使遭到了到六个双向地面运动记录。基准学习基于91/5高速公路overcrossing的有限元素的模型在南部的加利福尼亚定位了的一个lumped团。PFPI系统拥有二个重要参数；一个人是水平灵活性，其它是通过磨擦吸收能力的精力。基准桥的评估标准就二个参数而言被分析，隔离表面的磨擦的隔离乾和系数的时间时期。数字学习的结果与从传统的磨擦摆钟系统(FPS)获得的那些相比。PFPI系统的双设计性能压制了排水量和基准高速公路桥的加速反应。PFPI系统的双设计磁滞现象循环是超越FPS的线性磁滞现象循环的主要优点。数字结果比传统的FPS的孤立系统的显示PFPI系统的地震表演好。进一步，隔离时间时期和FPS和PFPI系统的磨擦的系数的变化在基准高速公路桥的山峰回答上有重要效果，这被观察。

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简介：在这研究，有在从不同方向的地震刺激下面的连续甲板的扭曲的桥的可能的地震行为被调查。45？？

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