简介：Rightventricularfailure(RVF)remainstheprimarycauseofdeathinpatientswithpulmonaryarterialhypertension.WereviewthepathophysiologyofRVF,includingtheremodelingandventriculoarterialuncouplingthatoccurswhenthefailingrightsideoftheheartisunabletocompensateforarisingafterload.Secondly,thenoninvasiveimagingtechniquesusedintheassessmentofRVFareexplored,includingechocardiography,cardiacmagneticresonanceimaging,computedtomography,andpositronemissiontomography.Third,wedescribehowtheseimagingtechniquesandapatient’sclinicalcharacteristicsmaybeusedtodetermineprognosis.Lastly,weexplorethemedicalandsurgical/interventionaltreatmentoptionsforRVF.Despitethesetreatmentoptions,morbidityandmortalityremainhighinthispatientpopulation.Thediscoveryofnewprognosticindicators,useofhybridimagingforearlydetectionofRVF,andstrategiestopreventthedevelopmentofRVFwillbeimportantifoutcomesinthispatientpopulationaretoimprove.

简介：Theventricularseptumseparatestherightandleftventriclesandthusispartofbothventricles.Itisdirectedobliquelybackwardtotheright,andcurvedwiththeconvexitytowardtherightventricle;itmustbeemphasizedthatthetotalcardiacseptumhasacomplex,longitudinaltwistanddoesnotlieinanysingleplane.Itsupperandposteriorpart,isthinandfibrous,andistermedthemembranousventricularseptum.Thegreaterportionoftheseptumisthickandmuscularandconstitutesthemuscularventricularseptum.Theventricularseptumconsistsoftwolayers,athinlayerontheRVsideandathickerlayerontheLVside[1].Themajorseptalarteriestendtorunbetweenthesetwolayers.

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简介：ObjectDiastolicfunction’sassessmentisvitalinordertoproduceinformationrelevanttopatients’functionalclass,managementandprognosis.Wesoughttoinvestigatediastolicdysfunctioninessentialhypertension(EH)withorwithoutcoronaryheartdisease(CAD)usingcolorM-modeDopplerechocardiographyandtostudytherelationbetweendiastolicdysfunctionandleftventricularmassindex(LVMI)andgeometryofLV,andtodemonstratepartlythecauseofincreasedcardiovascularriskofanechocardiographicpatternofLVgeometry.Methods36normalsubjects(GroupⅠ)and107patientswithessentialhypertension(GroupⅡ)werestudiedusingcolorM-modeDopplerechocardiography.FourdifferentLVanatomicadaptationtohypertensionwerei-dentifiedbycategorizingpatientsaccordingtovaluesofend-diastolicrelativewallthickness(RWT)andLVMI.Wemeasuredtherateofpropagationofpeakearlyfillingflowvelocity(Vp),timedelay(TD)ofthepeakearlyfillingflowvelocityfrommitral

简介：ObjectivesTostudytherelationshipbetweenplasmaBNPandcardiacstructural,functionalchangesafterAMI,andtoevaluatetheapplicationofplasmaBNPdeterminationinpredictingtheearlyphaseofventricleremodelingafterAMI.MethodsAMIgroupincluded37patients,allpatientunderwentstrictmedicaltreatment;32healthyindividualswereenrolledascontrols.PlasmaBNPwasdeterminatedbyimmunofluorescence.EchocardiogramexaminationwasusedtodeterminateLVEF,V_E,V_A,V_E/V_A,LVEDd,LVEDV;Allpatientsunderwenttheexaminationsat72h,30daysand90daysafterAMIoccurred,respectively,andwerecomparedwithhealthycontrols.ResultsIncomparingtocontrols,PlasmaBNPinAMI72h,30daysand90dayselevatedsignificantly.LVEDdandLVEDVwereincreasedsignificantlyinall3phasesofAMI,andEF,V_E/V_Aweresignificantlylowerthanincontrols.CorrelationanalysisrevealedthatplasmaBNPlevelin72hafterAMIwaspositivelycorrelatedtoLVEDd,LVEDV,andwaspositivelycorrelatedtoEF,V_E/V_Ain30daysand90daysafterAMI.ConclusionsPlasmaBNPlevelin72hafterAMIisapowerfulindextopredictleftventricleremodelingandventriclefunctionasplasmBNPlevelispositivelycorrelatedtoventricleremodeling;loweringtheplasmBNPlevelmightbeusedasanendpointfortreatmentofheartfailure.

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