简介：Thecrygenefamily,producedduringthelateexponentialphaseofgrowthinBacil-lusthuringiensis,isalarge,still-growingfamilyofhomologousgenes,inwhicheachgeneencodesaproteinwithstrongspecificactivityagainstonlyoneorafewin-sectspecies.ExtensivestudiesaremostlyfocusingonthestructuralandfunctionalrelationshipsofCryproteins,andhaverevealedseveralresiduesordomainsthatareimportantforthetargetrecognitionandreceptorattachment.Inthisstudy,wehaveemployedamaximumlikelihoodmethodtodetectevidenceofadaptiveevolutioninCryproteins,andhaveidentified24positivelyselectedresidues,whicharealllocatedinDomainIIorIII.Combinedwithknowndatafrommutagenesisstudies,themajorityoftheseresidues,atthemolecularlevel,contributemuchtotheinsectspecificitydetermination.WepostulatethatthepotentialpressuresdrivingthediversificationofCryproteinsmaybeinanattempttoadaptforthe'armrace'betweenδ-endotoxinsandthetargetedinsects,ortoenlargetheirtar-getspectra,henceresultinthefunctionaldivergence.ThesitesidentifiedtobeunderpositiveselectionwouldprovidetargetsforfurtherstructuralandfunctionalanalysesonCryproteins.

简介：UnderstandingthecouplingspecificitybetweenGprotein-coupledreceptors(GPCRs)andspecificclassesofGproteinsisimportantforfurtherelucidationofreceptorfunctionswithinacell.IncreasinginformationonGPCRsequencesandtheGproteinfamilywouldfacilitatepredictionofthecouplingpropertiesofGPCRs.Inthisstudy,wedescribeanovelapproachforpredictingthecouplingspecificitybetweenGPCRsandGproteins.ThismethodusesnotonlyGPCRsequencesbutalsothefunctionalknowledgegeneratedbynaturallanguagepro-cessing,andcanachieve92.2%predictionaccuracybyusingtheC4.5algorithm.Furthermore,rulesrelatedtoGPCR-Gproteincouplingaregenerated.Thecom-binationofsequenceanalysisandtextminingimprovesthepredictionaccuracyforGPCR-Gproteincouplingspecificity,andalsoprovidescluesforunderstandingGPCRsignaling.

简介：Experimentswerecarriedoutonratsanaesthetizedwithuraethane.Thesponta-neousdischargesandnociceptiveresponsesofconvergentneuronsintherighttrigerninalnucleuscau-dalis(TNC)tonoxiousstimuliatreceptivefield(cheek)wererecordedextracellularlywithglassmi-cro-electrode.Electroacupuncture(EA)wasappliedatbilateral"Xiaguan"(ST7onface)or"Zusanli"(ST36onshank)acupointwithIow(2V)andhigh(18V)intensity.Thenoclceptivere-sponseofconvergentneuronsinTNCcouldbeinhihitedbylowintensityEAappliedat"Xiaguan"butnot"Zusanlil",showingthespecificityofacupoints.HighintensityEAateither"Xiaguan"or"Zusan-li"alsoreducedthenociceptiveresponses,showingtheanalgesicextensivenessofacupoints.Wesug-gestthat"thegateofcontrol"mechanismplaysamainroleinlowintensityEAand"diffusenoxiousinhibitorycontrols"(DNIC)rnechanismdoessoinhighintensityEA.Theresultssuggestthatweshouldpayattentiontothelocationofacupoints,

简介：G-proteincoupledreceptors(GPCRs)representoneofthemostimportantclassesofdrugtargetsforpharmaceuticalindustryandplayimportantrolesincellularsignaltransduction.PredictingthecouplingspecificityofGPCRstoG-proteinsisvitalforfurtherunderstandingthemechanismofsignaltransductionandthefunctionofthereceptorswithinacell,whichcanprovidenewcluesforpharmaceuticalresearchanddevelopment.Inthisstudy,thefeaturesofaminoacidcompositionsandphysiochemicalpropertiesofthefull-lengthGPCRsequenceshavebeenanalyzedandextracted.Basedonthesefeatures,classifiershavebeendevelopedtopredictthecouplingspecificityofGPCRstoG-proteinsusingsupportvectormachines.Thetestingresultsshowthatthismethodcouldobtainbetterpredictionaccuracy.

简介：

简介：

简介：Race-specificresistanceandfieldresistanceof30riceblastresistancemonogeniclinesderivedfromdifferentresourceswereevaluated.Thespectraofresistanceto163MagnaporthegriseaisolatescollectedfromindicariceinGuangdongProvince,Chinarangedfrom0.6%to89.6%.Mostofthemonogeniclinesshowedanarrowresistancespectrumandhighsusceptibilityinriceblastarea,whereasthelineswithPikhandPi1(t)hadthebroadresistancespectraof89.6%and82.2%respectively,showingahighandstableblastresistanceinfields.Accordingtotheclusteranalysisofspecificresistanceto163blastisolatestested,the30monogeniclinesweredividedinto15groups,andbasedontheprincipalfactoranalysis,ninekindsofrace-specificresistancewereidentified.Pik,Piz5,Pi9andPishcanbeusedascandidateresistancegenesforricebreedingsincetheirspecificresistancedifferedfromthoseofthebackboneparentsinGuangdong,China.GenepyramidingofPikh[orPi1(t)],Pi9(orPiz5)andPish(orPita2)willbeeffectivetoobtainbroad-spectrumblastresistanceinricebreedingprograminGuangdong,China.Thestrategiesforstudyingandapplicationofriceblastresistancegeneswerediscussed.

简介：在染色体为特定的DNA目标设计锌手指蛋白质主题在染色体工程的领域里是批评的。我们为为绑在特定的目标DNA地点的C2H2锌手指预言识别helices开发了一个计算方法。这预言用锌手指蛋白质和他们的目标DNA三位字节的彻底的数据集基于人工的神经网络。用户们能为也要预言在的二或三根锌手指选择选择一模块化或为输入DNA顺序的synergistic时尚。这个方法将为对为几个生物、生物医学的应用程序设计特定的锌手指抄写因素和锌手指核酸酶感兴趣的研究人员是珍贵的。网工具ZiF预言在http://web.iitd.ac.in/sundar/zifpredict/在网上是可得到的。