简介：N利用和氨基酸的生合成上的碳(C)和氮(N)来源的效果在arbuscularmycorrhizal(AM)的发芽孢子被检验在到各种各样的N底层，CO2，葡萄糖，或根流出物的暴露以后的真菌血管球intraradicesSchenck与史密斯。N举起和氨基酸的denovo生合成用与集体度谱的察觉的稳定的同位素的标记被分析。高效的液体基于层析的分析被用来测量氨基酸层次。当外长的N来源不在时并且面对25mLL1CO2，发芽AM真菌的孢子利用了从存储类脂化合物的降级导出到biosynthesize的内部N存储以及C骨骼免费氨基酸，丝氨酸和glycine主要在被生产。内部氨基酸的集中作为时间从0～1或2个星期增加了的萌芽逐渐地增加了。然而，天门冬素和夫酸安衰退了到底层；两个降级了向另外的氨基酸的生合成提供C和N施主。外长的无机的N(铵和硝酸盐)和到用仅仅为萌芽的CO2的AM真菌的孢子的器官的N(脲，精氨酸，和夫酸安)的可获得性当外长的N不在时比那些产生了更内部的免费氨基酸超过5次。没有外长的N，到有仅仅CO2的AM真菌的孢子的外长的硝酸盐的供应比那产生了更多的天门冬素超过10次。相反，到AM真菌的孢子的外长的葡萄糖的额外的供应更在外长的N来源的举起产生了重要改进，与超过3次免费氨基酸比与仅仅外长的CO2供应的那些正在被生产。同时，精氨酸是生产的最丰富的免费氨基酸，用作N存储混合物被合并到AM真菌的孢子的蛋白质。

简介：Soilamendmentwithflyash（FA）andcombinedsupplementationwithN2-fixingcyanobacteriamassesasbiofertilizerweredoneinfieldexperimentswithrice.AmendmentswithFAlevels,0,0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0,8.0and10.0kg/m2,causedincreaseingrowthandyieldofriceupto8.0kg/m2,monitoredwithseveralparameters.PigmentcontentsandenzymeactivitiesofleaveswereenhancedbyFA,withthemaximumlevelofFAat10.0kg/m2.ProteincontentofriceseedswasthehighestinplantsgrownatFAlevel4.0kg/m2.Basicsoilproperties,pHvalue,percentageofsilt,percentageofclay,water-holdingcapacity,electricalconductivity,cationexchangecapacity,andorganiccarboncontentincreasedduetotheFAamendment.ParallelsupplementationofFAamendedplotswith1.0kg/m2N2-fixingcyanobacteriamasscausedfurthersignificantincrementsofthemostsoilproperties,andricegrowthandyieldparameters.1000-grainweightofriceplantsgrownatFAlevel4.0kg/m2alongwithcyanobacteriasupplementationwasthemaximum.CyanobacteriasupplementationcausedincreaseofimportantbasicpropertiesofsoilincludingthetotalN-content.Estimationsofelementalcontentinsoilsandplantparts（rootandseed）weredonebytheatomicabsorptionspectrophotometry.AccumulationsofK,P,Feandseveralplantmicronutrients（Mn,Ni,Co,ZnandCu）andtoxicelements（Pb,CrandCd）increasedinsoilsandplantpartsasafunctionoftheFAgradation,butNacontentremainedalmostunchangedinsoilsandseeds.Supplementationofcyanobacteriahadamelioratingeffectontoxicmetalcontentsofsoilsandplantparts.TheFAlevel4.0kg/m2,with1.0kg/m2cyanobacteriamasssupplementation,couldbetakenideal,sincetherewouldberechargingofthesoilwithessentialmicronutrientsaswellastoxicchemicalsincomparativelesserproportions,andcyanobacteriamasswouldcauselesseningtoxicmetalloadswithusualN2-fixation.

简介：Underartificially-simulatedcomplexsalt-alkalistress,thelevelsofactiveoxygenmetabolisminrootswerestudiedusingthree-year-oldcuttingseedlingsofSpiraea×bumalda'GoldMound'andSpiraea×bumalda'GoldFlame'.Thepresentstudyaimedatexploringtheantioxidantcapacityinrootsofspiraeasandrevealingtheiradaptabilitytosalt-alkalistress.Resultsindicatethattheoxygenfreeradicalscontents,electrolyteleakageratesandMDAcontentsinrootsofSpiraea×bumalda'GoldMound'andSpiraea×bumalda'GoldFlame'showanincreasingtendencywiththeincreasesofthesalinityandpHvalue,whereastheactivitiesofsuperoxidedismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)andcatalase(CAT)allincreasedfirstlyandthendecreased.Withtheincreaseinintensityofsalt-alkalistress,theCATactivityinrootsofSpiraea×bumalda'GoldFlame'ishigherandtheincreasingextentsintheoxygenfreeradicalscontents,electrolyteleakageratesaswellasMDAcontentsarelowercomparedwithSpiraea×bumalda'GoldMound',indicatingthatSpiraea×bumalda'GoldFlame'hasastrongerantioxidantcapacity.

简介：有不同干旱忍耐的二米饭遗传型，也就是Jin23B(干旱容忍)并且Zhenshan97B(干旱敏感)，被用来在小穗状花小穗学习抗氧化剂酶活动，可溶的糖和淀粉内容，在在flowering的水赤字应力下面的耻辱上的雌蕊水潜力和花粉数字上演绝育，它涉及小穗状花小穗。与各自的控制相比，干旱应力导致了superoxidedismutase(草皮)的更严肃的减少，peroxidase(邮政部门)和活动和malonaldehyde(MDA)的更重要的增加在水应力(穴乌)以后在9和12天比在Jin23B在Zhenshan97B的spikekets满足的过氧化氢酶(猫)。可溶的糖和淀粉内容在Jin23B的小穗状花小穗显著地增加了，但是在9-12穴乌期间在Zhenshan97B的小穗状花小穗显著地减少了。雌蕊在3-6穴乌和9-12穴乌期间比在Zhenshan97B在Jin23B维持了高水位线潜力。另外，水应力比在Jin23B在Zhenshan97B在耻辱以及空谷物的百分比上在花粉数字导致了更重要的减少。因此，水应力由损坏抗氧化剂酶活动导致了小穗状花小穗绝育，这被建议，减少在在在米饭的flowering阶段的小穗状花小穗和减少的雌蕊水潜力的糖类内容。