简介:摘要目的探讨在CT增强扫描中如何更好、更有效地使用高压注射器,为临床诊断提供有力的影像支持。方法对235例患者使用高压注射器做增强扫描,取得良好的诊断效果。结果使用高压注射器做增强扫描的患者235例,231例注药顺利,完成增强扫描,占总数的98.3%。1例因对比剂外渗,扫描途中停机重新穿刺、注药完成扫描,占总数0.42%。2例因注药过程中留置针侧孔脱开,致药液外漏,重新注药后扫描成功,占总数0.85%。1例因高压注射对比剂后,CT装置未及时触发,错过设置的扫描时相致增强失败,占总数的0.42%.结论正确、合理地使用高压注射器,可获得更为精准的诊断资料,有利于提高临床诊断水平。
简介:摘要目的比较用CT检查和核磁共振检查诊断股骨头坏死的准确性。方法选取我院2012年12月至2014年5月期间收治的112例股骨头坏死患者作为本次的研究对象,随机分为CT组和核磁共振组,每组各56例。CT组56例患者采用CT进行检查,核磁共振组56例患者采用核磁共振进行检查,对比两种方法诊断股骨头坏死的效果。结果CT组56例患者中,共查出33例股骨头坏死患者,检出率为58.93%,影像显示主要为骨硬化及囊状透亮区。核磁共振组56例患者中,共查出50例股骨头坏死患者,检出率为89.29%,影像显示主要为斑点或条状的T1WI、T2WI信号。核磁共振组检出率明显优于CT组,P<0.05。结论核磁共振技术的敏感性、准确性都明显优于CT技术,值得临床推广应用。
简介:Enlargedvestibularaqueduct(EVA),themostfrequentidentifiablecauseofcongenitalhearingloss,isevaluatedwithhigh-definitionmultidetectorCTintheaxialplane.OurpurposewastodeterminewhichreformattedCTmeasurementsaremostreproducible.Sevenmultiplanarreformattedimageswerecreatedforeachofthe64temporalbonesinpatientswithEVA.Intraclasscorrelationcoefficients(ICC)wereusedtoassessinter-observervariability,andbothlinearregressionandROCanalyseswereusedtocomparethemeasurementswithseverityofhearingloss,asassessedbypuretoneaudiometry.Allsevenmeasurementshadexcellentinter-observervariability,withaverage-measureICCrangingfrom0.92to0.98.Therewasnostatisticallysignificantcorrelationbetweentheradiologicdegreeofaqueductenlargementandseverityofhearinglossusinganyofthesevenmeasurements;ROCanalysesrevealedareasunderthecurvesrangingfrom0.57to0.73.Optimalaccuracywasobtainedwithathresholdof1.75mmasmeasuredattheaqueductalapertureintheP€oschlplane,withsensitivityof0.75andspecificityof0.63.AlthoughtheradiologicmeasurementmaynotserveasareliabletoolforassessingseverityofEVA,P€oschlplanereformattinghasproventobebetterthanconventionalaxialacquisitionplaneforidentifyingpatientswithclinicallysignificanthearingloss.
简介:摘要目的探讨静脉留置针对于磁共振(MRI)增强扫描流程的优化。方法将2014年7月-2014年12月,到本科室行头颅磁共振增强检查的病人536例,随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组提前采用留置针静脉穿刺,卡紧滑动夹,待增强扫描时打开滑动夹,推注对比剂;对照组在头颅平扫完成后,需要注射对比剂时,采用传统的一次性头皮钢针静脉穿刺,然后推注对比剂。分别将两组病人在平均检查时间、发生对比剂渗漏、针头移位、护理服务满意度等进行比较。结果实验组病人在检查时间、发生对比剂渗漏、针头移位、服务流程、护理服务满意度方面均明显优于对照组。结论静脉留置针在磁共振增强扫描中使用安全、优质高效、无并发症,值得推广。
简介:摘要目的明确小肠梗阻患者CT特征是否具有预测手术时机的作用。方法本研究在2010年1月至2012年6月共纳入出现小肠梗阻并具有完整影像资料的患者63例。由两名影像科医生对影像资料进行回顾分析。采用χ2及Fisher检验对患者的影像学特征及手术处理进行单因素分析。同时将显著性因素采用Logistic回归模型进行多因素分析。结果单因素分析结果显示3种CT特征与需要进行手术处理存在相关性,分别为完全性肠梗阻、小肠扩张>4cm及出现转换点。多因素分析显示出现转换点为小肠梗阻进行手术处理的显著因素(OR=19,95%置信区间1.8-201,p=0.014)。结论在发生小肠梗阻的患者中,CT特征出现转换点的患者需要进行手术的机率显著增加
简介:鼻腔通气功能检查法是一种用于定量测量鼻腔通气程度的方法,因其在鼻阻塞性疾病的诊治及疗效判定方面有着重要的指导作用,一直是耳鼻咽喉学科中的研究热点之一。本文就该方法多年来的研究进展作一综述,希望能对该领域的认识及进一步研究提供帮助。
简介:目的:探讨失匹配负波(mismatchnegativity,MMN)检查在正常青年人中的特点,并分析阅读状态和集中注意力时MMN检查的结果有无差异。方法对12例青年女性(年龄29-31y,平均30.08y)和18例青年男性(年龄27-34y,平均30.22y)行MMN检查,所有受试者均行听性脑干反应(ABR)阈值检查,确定ABR阈值,MMN检查在受试者在阅读状态和集中注意力状态时分别检测,采用oddball刺激方式,给予短纯音刺激,偏差刺激声为2000Hz,概率为20%,标准刺激为1000Hz,概率为80%,刺激频率为1.1次/s,刺激声强度为ABR阈上50dBnHL;观察MMN潜伏期及波幅的特点。结果所有受试者ABR阈值均≤25dBnHL。每例受试者均可引出MMN波形,女性在阅读状态下MMN潜伏期为159.57±20.64ms,波幅为3.82±1.38uV,在集中注意力状态下MMN潜伏期为155.96±17.51ms,波幅为4.28±1.89uV,经配对t检验潜伏期和波幅在两种状态下无显著差异;男性在阅读状态下MMN潜伏期为150.48±19.57ms,波幅为3.75±1.27uV,在集中注意力状态下MMN潜伏期为144.81±15.42ms,波幅为3.99±1.34uV,经配对t检验潜伏期和波幅在两种状态下无显著差异;经独立样本t检验,男女在上述两种状态下MMN波幅和潜伏期均无显著差异。结论正常青年男女均能引出MMN波形,男女之间MMN检查的波幅和潜伏期无差异,阅读状态和集中注意力状态对MMN检查的波幅和潜伏期无影响。
简介:ObjectiveToexplorethevalueofcomputedtomographyvirtualendoscopy(VE)inassessingossicularchaindisruptionintemporalbonefractureandeartraumawithintacttympanum.MethodsHighresolutionspiralcomputerizedtomography(CT)wascompletedin35casesoftemporalbonefractureand5casesoftympanumtrauma,allwithintactorhealedtympanum.Three-dimensionalreconstructionwascompletedus-ingavirtualendoscopysoftware.Audiologicaltestswereconductedinallpatientsandevaluationoffacialnerveinjuryinpatientswithfacialparalysis.Patientswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchainsublux-ationonVE,andnofacialparalysisweretreatedconservativelyfor4-12weekswithrepeatedhearingevalu-ation;thosewithfacialparalysisunderwentsurgeryifnorecoveryafter4-8weeksofconservativetreat-ment.Patientswithmoderatetosevereconductivehearinglossormixedhearingloss,incuslongprocessfractureordislocationonVEandfacialparalysis,underwentossicularchainreconstructionandfacialnervedecompressionafterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,orexploratorytympanotomyonlyifnofacialpa-ralysis.VE,audiologicaltestsandfacialnervefunctiontestswererepeatedin3-6monthsaftersurgery.Re-sultsOfthe6caseswithmildconductivehearingloss,ossicularchainsubluxationandnofacialparalysis,3recoveredtonormalhearingspontaneouslyand3showednosignificantimprovement,after4-12weeksofconservativetreatment.Afterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,3ofthe12caseswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchaindislocationonVEandfacialparalysisrecoveredtonormalhearingandHouse-Brackmann(HB)gradeIfacialfunctionfromHBgradeII,4showedfacialfunctionrecoverytoHBgradeI(n=2)orII(n=2)fromHBgradeIIIbutnohearingrecovery,and5gainednorecoveryandwentontoreceiveexploratorytympanotomyandfacialnervedecompression.The11caseswithmoderatetosevereconductivedeafness,incuslongprocessfr
简介:ObjectiveToexplorethevalueofcomputedtomographyvirtualendoscopy(VE)inassessingossicularchaindisruptionintemporalbonefractureandeartraumawithintacttympanum.MethodsHighresolutionspiralcomputerizedtomography(CT)wascompletedin35casesoftemporalbonefractureand5casesoftympanumtrauma,allwithintactorhealedtympanum.Three-dimensionalreconstructionwascompletedusingavirtualendoscopysoftware.Audiologicaltestswereconductedinallpatientsandevaluationoffacialnerveinjuryinpatientswithfacialparalysis.Patientswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchainsubluxationonVE,andnofacialparalysisweretreatedconservativelyfor4-12weekswithrepeatedhearingevaluation;thosewithfacialparalysisunderwentsurgeryifnorecoveryafter4-8weeksofconservativetreatment.Patientswithmoderatetosevereconductivehearinglossormixedhearingloss,incuslongprocessfractureordislocationonVEandfacialparalysis,underwentossicularchainreconstructionandfacialnervedecompressionafterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,orexploratorytympanotomyonlyifnofacialparalysis.VE,audiologicaltestsandfacialnervefunctiontestswererepeatedin3-6monthsaftersurgery.ResultsOfthe6caseswithmildconductivehearingloss,ossicularchainsubluxationandnofacialparalysis,3recoveredtonormalhearingspontaneouslyand3showednosignificantimprovement,after4-12weeksofconservativetreatment.Afterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,3ofthe12caseswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchaindislocationonVEandfacialparalysisrecoveredtonormalhearingandHouseBrackmann(HB)gradeIfacialfunctionfromHBgradeII,4showedfacialfunctionrecoverytoHBgradeI(n=2)orII(n=2)fromHBgradeIIIbutnohearingrecovery,and5gainednorecoveryandwentontoreceiveexploratorytympanotomyandfacialnervedecompression.The11caseswithmoderatetosevereconductivedeafness,incuslongprocessfractureordis
简介:摘要目的MRI、CT与钼靶X线在乳腺疾病诊断中的价值。方法本文选取我院于2013年08月~2014年08月收治的36例乳腺疾病患者,所有患者在手术开始前实施MRI、CT与钼靶X线三种不同方式的诊断检查,进一步和手术后病理结果进行对比分析。结果三种不同检查方法诊断结果和术后病理结果对比后发现采用MRI、CT两种检查方法的诊断结果和术后病理结果之间没有显著性差异,同时钼靶X线诊断结果和MRI、CT以及术后病理结果之间都存在显著性差异(P<0.05),具有统计学意义。结论乳腺疾病患者采用MRI、CT与钼靶X线不同检查方法检查后,其中钼靶X线可以用于早期乳腺疾病诊断,而MRI和CT两种检查方法具有较高的乳腺疾病检出率和诊断特异性,值得在临床中推广应用。
简介:Objective:Totestthefeasibilityofmeasuringfinetemporalbonestructuresusinganewlyestablishedcone-beamcomputedtomography(CBCT)system.Materialsandmethods:Sixformalin-fixedhumancadavertemporalboneswereimagedusingahigh-resolutionCBCTsystemthathas900framesandcoppertaluminumfiltration.Finetemporalbonestructures,includingthoseofthefacialnervecanalandvestibularstructures,wereidentifiedandmeasured.Results:Thefinestructuresofthemiddleear,includingthetympanicmembrane,tendonofthetensortympani,cochleariformprocessofthesemicanalofthetensortympani,pyramidaleminence,footplateofthestapes,fullpathofthefacialnervewithinthetemporalbone,supralabyrinthinespace,semicircularcanals,pathwayofthesubarcuatecanal,andfullpathofthevestibularaqueduct,wereclearlydemonstrated.Thevestibularaqueducthasamidpointwidthof0.4±0.0mmandopercularwidthof0.5±0.1mm(mean±SD).Thelengthoftheinternalacousticmeatuswas10.6±1.2mm(mean±SD),andthediameteroftheinternalacousticmeatuswas3.7±0.3mm(mean±SD).Conclusion:Thisnovelhigh-resolutionCBCTsystemhaspotentiallybroadapplicationsinthediagnosisofinnereardiseaseandinmonitoringassociatedpathologicalchanges,surgicalplanning,navigationfortheearsurgery,andtemporalbonetraining.