简介：Colorectalcarcinoma(CRC)isacommoncauseofmorbidityandmortalityworldwide.TwopathogenicpathwaysareinvolvedinthedevelopmentofadenomatoCRC.ThefirstpathwayinvolvesAPC/β-catenincharacterizedbychromosomalinstabilityresultingintheaccumulationofmutations.ThesecondpathwayischaracterizedbylesionsinDNAmismatchrepairgenes.AberrantDNAmethylationinselectedgenepromotershasemergedasanewepigeneticpathwayinCRCdevelopment.CRCscreeningisthemostefficientstrategytoreducedeath.SpecificDNAmethylationeventsoccurinmultistepcarcinogenesis.EpigeneticgenesilencingisacausativefactorofCRCdevelopment.DNAmethylationshavebeenextensivelyexaminedinstoolfromCRCandprecursorlesions.ManymethylatedgeneshavebeendescribedinCRCandadenoma,althoughnodefiniteDNAmethylationbiomarkerspanelhasbeenestablished.MultipleDNAmethylationbiomarkers,includingsecretedfrizzled-relatedprotein2,secretedfrizzled-relatedprotein1,tissuefactorpathwayinhibitor2,vimentin,andmethylguanineDNAmethyltransferase,havebeenfurtherinvestigated,andobservationshaverevealedthatDNAmethylationbiomarkersexhibitwithhighsensitivityandspecificity.ThesemarkersmayalsobeusedtodiagnoseCRCandadenomainearlystages.Realtimepolymerasechainreaction(qPCR)issensitive,scalable,specific,reliable,timesaving,andcosteffective.Stoolexfoliatedmarkersprovideadvantages,includingsensitivityandspecificity.AstoolqPCRmethylationtestmayalsobeanenhancedtoolforCRCandadenomascreening.

简介：Someantitumoractivitiesofcomponent(E),extractedfromtherootofFagopynumCymosum(Trev)Meisn(FCTM),haverecentlybeendiscoveredinvivoandinvitro.ThecomponentE(CE)’spatternofactionwithtumorcellularDNAatthemolecularpharmacologicallevelwasinvestigatedbymacromolecularsynthesisexperiment(MSE)andhumanDNAinteractionsystemestablishedinourlaboratory.Theexperimentsdemonstratedthat,invitro,theagentcouldmarkedlyinhibittheincorporationof3H-TdRintothecellularDNA,andtheIC50inP388leukemiacellandinSGC-7901cellwas17.86μg/mland110.4μg/ml,respectively.Theagent,atmg/mllevel,couldproduceanintercalationreversionpatternwithDNAwithinashorttime(2hours).Butwhentheintervalwasprolongedforover4hours,theactionchangedtointercalationirreversiblepattern.Accordingtotheseobservations,theauthorsinferthatCEinteractswithDNAintwoways-directlyandindirectly.Theindirectaction,especiallyinlowconcentr

简介：Objective:TolookforthefurtherevidenceforHPVL1HPV16E6,HPV18E6andEBVascarcinogenicfactorsinlaryngealcarcinoma.Method:weexaminedrepresentativenumbersofspecimensfromlaryngealcancerwithhighlysensitivePCRtechniqueforthepresenceofHPVL1andhigh-risktypesHPV16E6,HPV18E6andEBVLMP1.Results:UsingPCRdetection,7.3%sampleswereHPVL1positive,52.03%wereHPV16E6positive,30.89%wereHPV18E6positiveand9.13%wereEBVLMP1positive.ThelowincidenceofHPVL1andhighincidenceofHPV-16E6andHPV18E6genessuggestthatHPVmightbeintegratedintotumorcells.OurresultssupportaroleofHPV-16andHPV-18infectioninthepathogenesisoflaryngealcarcinomainChina.Conclusion:IntegrationofE6intohostgenomeandstableexpressionofthesegenesmaybeassociatedwiththecarcinogenesisoflaryngealcarcinoma.HPV-16andHPV-18maysynergisticallyfunctiononthepathogenesisoflaryngealcarcinoma.Ourresultssuggestanassociationoflaryngealcarcinogenesisandinfectionwiththehigh-riskHPVtypes16,HPV18andEBV.

简介：Cancercellsdifferfromnormalcellsinvariousparameters,andthesedifferencesarecausedbygenomicmutationsandconsequentialalteredgeneexpression.Thegeneticandfunctionalheterogeneityoftumorcellsisamajorchallengeincancerresearch,detection,andeffectivetreatment.Assuch,theuseofdiagnosticmethodsisimportanttorevealthisheterogeneityatthesingle-celllevel.Dropletmicrofluidicdevicesareeffectivetoolsthatprovideexceptionalsensitivityforanalyzingsinglecellsandmolecules.Inthisreview,wehighlighttwonovelmethodsthatemploydropletmicrofluidicsforultrasensitivedetectionofnucleicacidsandproteinmarkersincancercells.Wealsodiscussthefuturepracticalapplicationsofthesemethods.

简介：表观遗传学的研究表明，脑肿瘤细胞中某些基因的高甲基化可以用来标记肿瘤预后，甲基化后的沉默产物可作为化疗反应的生物标记分子，而对DNA甲基化抑制剂的研究已成为肿瘤治疗的新方向。总之，在脑肿瘤的发生和发展中。DNA甲基化起着重要的作用。本文总结了肿瘤甲基化方面的最新进展。

简介：TheDNAcontentandmorphometricfeaturesofhepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)andlivercelldysplasia(LCD),includingnucleararea,nuclearperimeter,nuclearmaximumdiameterandnuclearcirclediameter,werequantitativelydeterminedbymeansofimageanalysistechnology.Theresultsshowedthatincomparisonwithnormalhepatocytes,LCDhadamarkedlyincreasedDNAcontentandnuclearmorphometricparameters,butthevalueswerelowerthanthoseforHCC.LCDshowedaslightincreaseinnuclearatypiarepresentedbythenuclearirregularindex,whichwasalsolessthanHCC.ThefindingsindicatethatLCDmaybeaprecaneerouslesionofHCC,tothecellsinanabnormalproliferativestate.

简介：Rat-1cellsweretransfectedwithDNAfromhumanesophagealcancer2K,4K,6K,7K.8K.Thetransformingfociwereobtainedandthetransformingcelllineswereestablished.Thecelllinescanformlargercolonyinsoftagar.Thosenudemiceinjectedsubcutaneouslywiththecellssufferedfromlargerfibroussarcoma.Thisindicatesthatthecelllineshavecarcinogenicity.TheexperimentalresultssuggestthathumanDNAsequenceandhumanHa-rasspecial616Kb(BamHI)bandarepresentintheDNAofthetransformingcells.Theover-expressionofrasgeneproductsP21werefoundinthetissuesofexophagealcancer,thetissuesadjacenttotumorandthetransformingcells.

简介：Objective:Theelevatedincidenceofobesityhasbeenparalleledwithhigherrisksofbreastcancer.Highadiposityincreasesleptinsecretionfromadiposetissue,whichinturnincreasescancercellproliferation.Theinterplaybetweenleptinandestrogenisoneofthemechanismsthroughwhichleptininfluencesbreastcarcinogenesis.Anunbalancedestrogenmetabolismincreasestheformationsofcatecholestrogenquinones,DNAadducts,andcancermutations.ThisstudyaimstoinvestigatetheeffectofleptinonsomeestrogenmetabolicenzymesandDNAadductioninbreastcancercells.Methods:Highperformanceliquidchromatography(HPLC)wasperformedtoanalyzetheDNAadducts4-OHE1[E2]-1-N3adenineand4-OHE1[E2]-1-N7guanine.Reportergeneassay,realtimereversetranscriptionpolymerasechainreaction(realtimeRT-PCR),andWesternblotwereusedtoassesstheexpressionofestrogenmetabolizinggenesandenzymes:CytochromeP-4501B1(CYP1B1),Nicotinamideadeninedinucleotidephosphate-quinoneoxidoreductase1(NQO1),andCatechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT).Results:LeptinsignificantlyincreasedtheDNAadducts4-OHE1[E2]-1-N3adenineand4-OHE1[E2]-1-N7guanine.Furthermore,leptinsignificantlyupregulatedCYP1B1promoteractivityandproteinexpression.TheluciferasepromoteractivitiesofNQO1andmRNAlevelsweresignificantlyreduced.Moreover,leptingreatlyreducedthereporteractivitiesoftheCOMT-P1andCOMT-P2promotersanddiminishedtheproteinexpressionofCOMT.Conclusions:LeptinincreasesDNAadductlevelsinbreastcancercellspartlybyaffectingkeygenesandenzymesinvolvedinestrogenmetabolism.Thus,increasedfocusshouldbedirectedtowardleptinanditseffectsontheestrogenmetabolicpathwayasaneffectiveapproachagainstbreastcancer.

简介：DuckhepatitisBvims(DHBV)DNAwasdetectedindifferenttumorousnodulesofduckswithhepaticmulticentriccancerorintrahepaticmetastasisbySouthernblottechnique.Among7duckswithhepatocellularcarcinomaofmultipletumornodules,thehybridizationpatternofIntegratedDHBVDNAIndifferenttumorousnoduleswasidenticalin3casesanddifferentin2cases.OnecaseshowedasimilarhybridizationpatternintwotumorousnodulesandotheronewasnegativetorDHBVDNA.IntegratedDHBVDNAwasalsoidentifiedinametastaticlungcancerofduckswithhepatocellularcarcinoma.Thehybridizationpatternofmetastasisoflungswasasthesomeasthatinprimaryhepatocellularcarcinoma.ThesamediscretehybridizationbandsInthedifferenttumorousnodulesindicatethatthesenodulesmightarisefromonetransformedcell.ThedifferenthybridizationpatternsInvarioustumorousnodulesshowthatthesetumorousnodulesmightarisefromvarioustransformedcells.Theresultssuggestthatthehyb

简介：ＴＨＥＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＦＲＥＶＥＲＳＡＬＯＮＩＮＨＩＢＩＴＩＮＧＤＮＡＳＹＮＴＨＥＳＩＳＡＮＤＣＬＯＮＡＬＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＨＬ－６０ＣＥＬＬＳＷＩＴＨＨＹＰＥＲＴＨＥＲＭＩＡＣｈｅｎＸｉｅｑｕｎ；ＳｈｅｎＳｕｙｕｎ；ＨｕＳｈｅｎｇｈｕｉ；ＷｕＢ...

简介：一项新的研究发现，在行食管切除术的食管癌患者中，循环血液中DNA水平可能有助于衡量切除的完整性，以判断是否存在残余肿瘤或早期复发。

简介：ＵＳＩＮＧ３ＰＲＩＭＥＲＰＡＩＲＳＴＯＤＥＴＥＣＴＨＢＶＤＮＡＩＮＬＩＶＥＲＴＩＳＳＵＥＳＦＲＯＭＨＥＰＡＴＯＣＥＬＬＵＬＡＲＣＡＲＣＩＮＯＭＡＳＷＩＴＨＰＣＲ　ＴＥＣＨＮＩＱＵＥＣｈｅｎＭｉｎｇ陈明；ＬｕＬｉｎｇ吕凌；ＹａｏＪｉｌｕ姚集鲁；Ｐｅｎｇ...

简介：ＩＮＶＥＳＴＩＧＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＲＥＬＡＴＩＯＮＳＨＩＰＳＢＥＴＷＥＥＮＫＩ－６７ＳＣＯＲＥ，ＤＮＡＩＮＤＥＸ，ＡＮＤＨＩＳＴＯＬＯＧＩＣＧＲＡＤＥＩＮＳＯＦＴＴＩＳＳＵＥ　ＳＡＲＣＯＭＡＳＷａｎｇｙａｎｏｎｇ王亚农；ＳｈｉＤａｒｅｎ施达仁；ＳｈｅｎＺ...

简介：脊髓脓肿是少见的腔隙性、化脓性中枢神经系统感染。其成因与脑脓肿相似，感染性渗出诱发以产酶的多核细胞为主的炎症，引起液化性坏死，坏死组织继而被纤维母细胞产生的包囊所围绕。

简介：目的：探讨胸腔积液中细胞DNA的含量分析对良恶性胸腔积液的鉴别诊断价值。方法：46例胸腔积液患者，分为恶性和良性两组，采用全自动细胞DNA定量分析系统测定胸腔积液细胞DNA的含量，同时检测癌胚抗原（CEA）。结果：对于恶性胸腔积液，全自动细胞DNA分析诊断的敏感性为58．3％，特异性为100．0％，准确性78．3％，而CEA分别为54．2％、81．8％和67．4％。如两项指标中任何一项阳性，诊断的敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为87．5％，81．8％和84．8％；两项指标同时阳性，特异性可达100．0％。结论：全自动细胞DNA定量分析对胸腔积液的鉴别有重要的临床参考价值，联合胸腔积液的CEA检测，可以提高诊断的有效性。

简介：分支链DNA信号放大技术（bDNA）是一种基于探针杂交信号放大的检测系统，无需对mRNA纯化和反转录即可对mRNA做精确的定量检测，有灵敏度高、线性范围宽、准确性好和结果稳定可靠等优点，具有良好的临床科研应用价值。本文就bDNA技术的原理及其在CMV、HBV、HCV和HIV等病毒定量检测、基因表达分析以及肿瘤基因分析等方面的应用作一介绍。

简介：脑磁图作为一种无创性记录大脑生物磁场的新技术，能相对直接反映神经元的活动状态：并且可将采集到的脑磁信号分析结果重叠到MRI图像上，从而将生理功能和解剖结构融合在一起，这一技术又称为磁源成像（magneticsourceimaging，MSI）。MSI不仅能够准确地提供癫痫灶及所需要功能区的定位信息，而且可使临床神经外科医生更好地了解肿瘤与癫痫灶、肿瘤与功能区的关系，以便在术前制定出合理有效的手术计划。本文对脑磁图、MSI及其在脑肿瘤方面的应用做一简单综述。

简介：杨树源教授，男，出生于1934年，北京人，1957年毕业于天津医科大学（原天津医学院）。现任天津医科大学总医院神经外科教授、博士导师，中华医学会天津分会神经外科学会主任委员，《中美创伤杂志》、《中华神经外科研究杂志》副主编及《中华神经外科杂志》、《天津医药》、

简介：

简介：结直肠癌（Colorectalcancer,CRC）是结直肠黏膜上皮在多种致癌因素作用下发生的恶性肿瘤,发病率位居常见恶性肿瘤第3位,预后差,病死率较高。早期CRC的五年生存率可达90%,而晚期CRC则降为5%。因此,早诊断、早治疗是防治CRC的关键,可显著降低其死亡率~（[1-3]）。理想的CRC筛查方法应具备精确、方便、无创、便宜、快速等特点。