简介：Thereexistsagreatdealofperiodicnon-stationaryprocessesinnatural,socialandeco-nomicalphenomenon.Itisveryimportanttorealizethedynamicanalysisandreal-timeforecastwithinaperiod.Inthisletter,awavelet-Kalmanhybridestimationandforecastingalgorithmbasedonstep-by-stepfilteringwiththereal-timeandrecursionpropertyisputforward.ItcombinestheadvantagesofKalmanfilterandwavelettransform.Utilizingtheinformationprovidedbymulti-sensoreffectively,thisalgorithmcanrealizenotonlyreal-timetrackinganddynamicmulti-stepfore-castingwithinaperiod,butalsothedynamicforecastingbetweenperiods,andithasagreatvaluetothesystemdecision-making.Simulationresultsshowthatthisalgorithmisvaluable.

简介：ConsideringtheimportantchangesintheSwissenergysector,especiallyinrenewableenergy(RE)technologies,newrevenuepossibilitiesforsmallandmediumsizedenterprises(SMEs)emerge.However,theadaptionofRE-technologiesforSwissenterprisesreliesontangiblefinancialreturns,basedoncomplexcalculations.Thisarticleanalysesbusinessopportunities(BOs)ofeightSwissSMEsconsideringthenetpresentvalueofRE-investmentsinanuncertaineconomicenvironment.WeidentifytwoprofitableBOsforSwissSMEsandthreewhicharenotprofitable.Further,thearticledemonstratesthattheprofitabilityofsuchinvestmentsremainsmostlypositiveevenundereconomicuncertainties.SurprisinglytheprofitabilitydoesnotchangesignificantlyiftheSMEreceivesasubsidyornot.ThesupportinstrumentoftheSwissGovernmenthasnotaponderousimpactonthedecisiontoinvestinRE-technologiesornot.Therefore,thearticleemphasizestheimportanceofincludingSMEintheSwissattempttodecentralizetheenergymarket.