简介:目的:通过在大肠杆菌中分段表达禽流感病毒聚合酶酸性蛋白(PA蛋白),探索PA基因中可能影响表达的区域。方法:构建分段缺失的PA蛋白突变体,用IPTG在大肠杆菌RosettaGamiB(DE3)中诱导表达,比较各突变体的表达效率。结果:N端缺失长度在143~408个氨基酸残基之间的9个突变体在大肠杆菌中的表达水平较高;而突变体PA/K(Δ1-40aa)、PA/M(Δ1-56aa)、PA/N(Δ41-56aa)和PA/P(Δ57-75aa)的表达水平很低;全长PA蛋白和缺失N端20个氨基酸残基的突变体PA/L则检测不到表达。结论:PA基因的61~225bp和325~426bp可能是影响PA蛋白表达的2个重要区域,为下一步表达全长PA蛋白奠定了基础。
简介:WeproposedadynamicmodelidentificationanddesignofanH-Infinity(i.e.H_∞)controllerusingaLightweightPiezo-CompositeActuator(LIPCA).Asecond-orderdynamicmodelwasobtainedbyusinginputandoutputdata,andapplyinganidentificationalgorithm.TheidentifiedmodelcoincideswellwiththerealLIPCA.Toreducetheresonatingmodethatistypicalofpiezoelectricactuators,anotchfilterwasused.AfeedbackcontrollerusingtheH_∞controlschemewasdesignedbasedontheidentifieddynamicmodel;thus,theLIPCAcanbeeasilyusedasanactuatorforbiomemeticapplicationssuchasartificialmusclesormacro/micropositioninginbioengineering.Thecontrolalgorithmwasimplementedusingamicroprocessor,analogfilters,andpoweramplifyingdrivers.Oursimulationandexperimentalresultsdemonstratethattheproposedcontrolalgorithmworkswellinrealenvironment,providingrobustperformanceandstabilitywithuncertaindisturbances.
简介:Themodulationandcontrolofgecko'sfootmovementswerestudiedelectrophysiologicallyinordertodesignthemotorcontrolsystemofagecko-mimicrobot.Inthisstudy(1)theanatomyoftheperipheralnervescontrollingthegecko'sfootmovementswasdetermined;(2)therelationshipbetweenthelimbnervesofthegeckoanditsfootmotorpatternswasstudied;(3)theafferentimpulsesofthenervesevokedbyrubbingthegecko'stoesandpalmwererecorded;(4)copyingthenaturalpatternsofmovementofthegecko'sfoot(abduction,adduction,flexion,andrevolution)anditslimbnervemodulationandcontrolmechanism,thenerveswerestimulatedundercomputercontrol,andtheresultsrecordedbyCCD.Resultssuggestthatgecko'sfootmovementscanbesuccessfullycontrolledbyartificialelectricalsignals.
简介:Thesandfishisalizardhavingtheremarkableabilitytomoveindesertsandinaswimming-likefashion.Themostout-standingadaptationstothismodeoflifearethelowfrictionbehaviourandtheextensiveabrasionresistanceofthesandfishskinagainstsand,outperformingevensteel.Weinvestigatedthetopography,thecompositionandthemechanicalpropertiesofsandfishscales.Theseconsistofglycosylatedkeratinswithhighamountofsulphurbutnohardinorganicmaterial,suchassilicatesorlime.Remarkably,atomicforcemicroscopyshowsanalmostcompleteabsenceofattractiveforcesbetweenthescalesurfaceandasilicontip,suggestingthatthisisresponsiblefortheunusualtribologicalproperties.Theunusualglycosylationofthekeratinswasfoundtobeabsolutelynecessaryforthedescribedphenomenon.Thescalesweredissolvedandreconstitutedonapolymersurfaceresultinginpropertiessimilartotheoriginalscale.Thus,weprovideapathwaytowardsexploitationofthereconstitutedscalematerialforfutureengineeringapplications.
简介:目的:应用重组杆状病毒表达系统制备由HA、NA、M1和M2蛋白组成的H5N1高致病性禽流感病毒样颗粒,为研究H5N1高致病性禽流感疫苗奠定基础。方法:构建能共表达A/chicken/Jilin/2003(H5N1)禽流感病毒血凝素(HA)和神经氨酸酶(NA)、A/PR/8/34(H1N1)流感病毒基质蛋白(M1)和离子通道蛋白(M2)的2个二元重组杆状病毒,共同感染HighFive细胞,同时表达HA、NA、M1和M2蛋白,使这4种蛋白在感染的细胞内自主组装成病毒样颗粒。经差速离心和蔗糖密度梯度超速离心收获病毒样颗粒,通过Western印迹鉴定病毒样颗粒的组成,透射电镜观察病毒样颗粒形态,血凝试验测定病毒样颗粒的活性。结果:HA、NA、M1、M2蛋白在昆虫细胞中共表达,并组装成病毒样颗粒;电镜观察到病毒样颗粒的形态与流感病毒一致,直径约80nm;血凝试验显示该病毒样颗粒具有凝集鸡红细胞的活性。结论:应用该方法可以制备流感病毒样颗粒,为H5N1流感疫苗研究提供了可行方案。
简介:Naturalcomposites,formedthroughbiomineralization,havehighlyorderedstructureswhichhavebeenaptlyexploredforfunctionalapplications.Thoughtheroleoforganicphaseshasbeenwellunderstoodinbiomineralization,notenoughattentionhasbeenpaidtotheroleofbio-membraneswhichareoftenfoundencapsulatingthechamberinwhichmineralizationoccurs.Wehaveusedthenaturalproteinandsemi-permeablemembraneofchickeneggstogrowdifferentmaterialssuchasceramics,semi-metalsandmetalstounderstandtheroleofbio-membranesinbiomineralization.Weherereportthesuccessfulbiomimeticsynthesisofcalcite,cadmiumsulphide,andsilverhavinghomogeneousmorphologies.Wehavefoundthatthemembraneoperateslikeatunedgateway,playingasignificantroleincontrollingthemorphologyoftheinorganiccrystalsformedduringbiomineralization.
简介:Biomimeticsurfaceisaneffectivewaystopromotetheperformancegradeandappliedrangeofmaterialswithoutalteringtheirsubstrate.Manyimprovedpropertiessuchasresistingfatigue,enduringwear,etc,havebeenachievedbyapplyingbiomimeticmorphologyorstructuretosomeengineeringmaterialsurfaces.Inthispaper,aimingtorevealtherelationshipbetweenthermalcrackingbehaviorandmechanicalpropertiesofengineeringmaterialswithbiomimeticsurface,biomimeticspecimenswerefabricatedusinglasertechniquebyimitatingtheheterogeneousstructureonthesurfaceofplantleaves.TheeffectofthermalfatiguecyclingonthetensilepropertiesofH13diesteelspecimenswithdifferentsurfaces(severaltypesofbiomimeticsurfacesandasmoothsurface)wascomparedandinvestigated.Asaresult,duetothecouplingeffectsofthemorphologicalfeaturesonthesurfaceandthemicrostructurecharacteristicswithinunitzone,thesespecimenswithbiomimeticsurfaceexhibitremarkablyenhancedUltimateTensileStrength(UTS)and0.2%YieldStrength(YS)comparedwithreferencespecimenswhilecorrespondingductilityremainslargelyunaffectedevenheightened,whetherthethermalfatigueloadsornot.Therelativemechanismsleadingtotheseimprovementshavebeendiscussed.
简介:2009年3月在美国和墨西哥流感样患者的呼吸道标本中鉴定出新的猪源性甲型H1N1流感病毒。该病毒可人-人传播,已蔓延到112个国家和地区。为了遏制不断重组或重配的流感病毒,各国学者对甲型H1N1流感病毒的分子生物学特征、复制周期及实验室诊断做了细致的研究,以研发相应的药物或疫苗,这些成就为世界各国防控今年新鉴定的猪源性甲型H1N1流感病毒感染发挥了重要作用。现就猪源性甲型H1N1流感病毒的鉴定、基因组结构特征做一综述。
简介:目的:探讨足月妊娠应用普贝生引产的临床疗效以及不良反应.方法:选取我院2014年2月到11月中80例足月妊娠有引产特征的孕妇,分为试验组和对照组,每组各40例,试验组给予普贝生引产,对照组给予缩宫素,观察两组的临床效果以及发生的不良反应.结果:试验组的有效率为95.0%明显的高于对照组的有效率70.0%,两组有效率之间的差异具有明显的统计学意义(P〈0.05),试验组的显效率为77.5%明显的高于对照组的37.5%,两组有效率之间的差异具有显著的统计学意义(P〈0.05);结论:足月妊娠应用普贝生引产的临床效果好,可以降低剖宫产率,而且安全性好值得临床上推广.
简介:目的:利用Red系统构建肠出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7的sRNA基因E40缺失突变株。方法:选取本实验室预测并经过实验验证的sRNA基因,根据NCBI上相应的序列,设计2对引物分别扩增该sRNA基因的上下游分别长464和455bp的同源臂,经PCR扩增,构建到相应的载体,最后以构建好的含上下游同源臂和卡那霉素抗性基因的长约2500bp的线性片段作为打靶片段,在Red重组系统的作用下与sRNA基因E40的上下游同源区域发生同组,从而把sRNA基因从基因组上置换下来,之后利用质粒pCP20将FRT位点间的卡那霉素抗性基因消除。结果与结论:构建了出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7的sRNA基因E40的缺失突变株,为进一步研究sRNA基因在出血性大肠杆菌O157:H7生长及致病过程中所起的功能奠定了良好的基础。
简介:目的:构建40S核糖体蛋白S6的原核表达载体,表达并纯化S6蛋白,将其作为底物用于S6激酶(S6K)的体外活性测定。方法:采用RT-PCR方法从人胚肾细胞HEK293中获取S6cDNA,将扩增产物克隆至大肠杆菌表达载体中,进行酶切及测序鉴定;IPTG诱导GST-S6融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中表达,用谷胱甘肽亲和层析纯化GST-S6,免疫沉淀法检测该蛋白是否可作为底物用于S6K的体外激酶活性测定。结果:酶切及测序鉴定表明构建了S6原核表达载体,并表达及纯化出GST-S6融合蛋白,相对分子质量为55×103。该蛋白可用于S6K的体外激酶活性测定,特异性强。结论:S6蛋白的克隆、表达与纯化成功,可用于S6K的体外激酶活性测定,为研究S6K的功能奠定了基础。
简介:目的:检测Y2HGold酵母株中表达的hPROKR2C端蛋白是否有毒性及自激活,为后期利用酵母双杂交技术研究hPROKR2C端相互作用蛋白奠定基础。方法:构建酵母双杂交载体pGBKT7-hPROKR2-Ct质粒,将其转入酵母感受态中验证其是否表达并计算转化率;通过观察SD/-Trp平板上酵母菌落生长状态进行hPROKR2C端蛋白的毒性检测;通过观察SD/-Trp、SDO/-Trp/X、SDO/-Trp/X/Aba平板上酵母菌落生长状态进行hPROKR2C端蛋白自活性检测。结果:构建了酵母双杂交载体pGBKT7-hPROKR2-Ct,将其转入酵母感受态中,转化率为8.5×104cfu/μg;毒性及自活性检测均显示hPROKR2C端蛋白对酵母菌株无毒性、不具有自活性。结论:可以利用酵母双杂交系统研究hPROKR2C端相互作用蛋白。
简介:目的:研究雷公藤红素对非小细胞肺癌细胞株H1299的杀伤作用及相关调控机制。方法:用细胞计数法测定不同浓度雷公藤红素对H1299细胞增殖的影响;用流式细胞仪检测H1299细胞的细胞周期;用Westernblotting检测剪切的(cleaved)聚ADP核糖聚合酶(PARP)、cleavedcaspase-3和低氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)的表达水平;用DCF-DA染色和荧光显微镜检测细胞内的活性氧(ROS)水平;用萤光素酶活性测定法检测NFκB的活性。结果:雷公藤红素以时间和剂量依赖性的方式抑制H1299细胞的增殖,并使细胞阻滞在G2/M期。同时,雷公藤红素显著上调cleavedPARP和cleavedcaspase-3的表达,提高细胞内的ROS水平,并且抑制NFκB的活性。结论:雷公藤红素以时间和剂量依赖性的方式抑制H1299细胞的增殖,并诱导caspase依赖性的细胞凋亡,具体机制与细胞内ROS的积累和NFκB的活性抑制有关。
简介:目的:对目前最常用的检测微小RNA(miRNA)的茎环实时定量PCR法和PAP实时定量PCR法进行比较。方法:分别用茎环实时定量PCR法和PAP实时定量PCR法检测人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7中U6和23种miRNA的表达,利用定量PCR分析软件和琼脂糖凝胶电泳方法,将2种方法在引物设计难度、特异性与灵敏度,以及检测通量方面进行比较。结果:茎环法的特异性和灵敏度比PAP法高,但引物设计难度大,检测通量低;PAP法引物设计难度较低,检测通量较高,但特异性和灵敏度较差。结论:茎环法实时定量PCR适于有针对性地检测小规模miRNA,而PAP法则适于大规模miRNA筛选实验。
简介:Threetypesofroughsurfacewereprocessedbylaserirradiationonthe3Cr2W8Vmaterialhot-workdiesteelsurface.Thewearexperimentswithsmoothsurfaceandroughsurfacesampleswererepeatedonthepin-traywearmachine.Accordingtothewearresults,westudiedtheregularityofwearresistanceofdifferentroughsurfacesamples.Theresultsindicatedthatbionicroughsurfacecanimprovethewearresistanceofthematerialandthewearresistancecanbeincreased1-2times,comparedwiththesmoothsurface.Also,thewearresistanceoftheroughsurfacewasaffectedbylasercurrentanddurationofimpulse.Thebiggerthelasercurrentortheimpulseduration,thebetteristhewearresistance.Whenthedistancebetweenthesamekindofunitswhicharedistributedonthesurfacesischanged,thewearresistancechanges.Thewearresistanceofabionicroughsurfaceonwhichthegridunitsweredistributedatspacingof1mmwasthebest.Andwedesignedthewearmodels.