Activatedcarbonfiberisonekindofimportantadsorptionmaterials.Thesenovelfibrousadsorbentshavehighspecificsurfaceareasorabundantfunctionalgroups,whichmakethemhavegreateradsorption/desorptionratesandlargeradsorptioncapacitiesthanotheradsorbents.Theycanbepreparedasbundle,paper,clothandfelttomeetvarioustechnicalrequirement.Theyalsoshowreductionproperty.Inthispaperthelatestprogressonthestudiesofthepreparationandadsorptionpropertiesofactivatedcarbonfibersisreviewed.Theapplicationofthesematerialsindrinkingwaterpurification,environmentalcontrol,resourcerecovery,chemicalindustry,andinmedicineandhealthcareisalsopresented.