简介：磁电机眼(瞬间)与微波magnetostatic波浪(MSW)指导光波浪联合同时由信号能导致的多重收音机频率(RF)激动RF信号的multifrequency衍射效果然后并行处理能被衍射效率(Des)是的特征使用认识到近似在里面到RF信号紧张和衍射角度的直接比例与在线性瞬间相互作用区域以内的相应RF信号的频率有关。在这份报纸，学习了是在一阶的瞬间相互作用近似的multifrequency瞬间布拉格衍射，并且获得是为原则衍射效率(PDE)的近似分析表示。另外，提出基于单个频率的衍射是RF信号的相对紧张的一个平行成像方法。由计算和分析，相对错误是为在内的三个RF信号的盒子的不超过0.3dB60MHz的频率空间，这被显示出。

简介：这篇文章在端对端的交换子在异构的收音机存取技术(老鼠)之中为联合收音机资源管理(JRRM)作为一条自治途径介绍基因算法(GA)可计算的系统。联合会话承认控制(JOSAC)和带宽分配作为基因算法的操作与某些明智的修正做的一个特定的决定被联合。建议算法在下列二个条件上被触发。当一个会议被开始时，让会议在最适当的老鼠上宿营并且为需要的服务选择最合适的带宽被触发。当一个会议终止时，通过移交调整进行中的会议的分发也被用来。这将为最好的系统表演增加JRRM控制器的调整频率。模拟结果显示建议自治JRRM不仅有效地策划移交预定，而且完成很好的还原剂在光谱用途和堵住的概率之间的交易。

简介：CognitiveRadio(CR)isapromisingtechniqueforthenextgenerationmobilecommuni-cationsystemforitscapabilitytosolvetheconflictsbetweenthescarcityandunderutilizationofspectrum.Inthispaper,aimingatmaximizingthesystemcapacityofamulti-antennaCRsystemonthepremisethatavoidinterferencetotheprimarysysteminthesamebandsimultaneously,aresourceallocationmethodwhichisabletoavoidinterferencebetweenPRimary(PR)andCRusersbypro-jectingthetransmitsignalsofCRusersonthenullspaceofthePRusers'channelsisproposed.CRuserswithbetterchannelconditionareselected,andtheinterferencefromCRsystemtoPRuserscanberemovedcompletelybyprojectingthetransmitsignalsofCRsystemonthenull-spaceofPRusers'channels.Parallelsub-channelsareconstructedforCRusersthroughSingularValueDecomposition(SVD).Atlast,waterfillingisalsoadoptedtoincreasetheCRusers'capacity.Simulationresultdemonstratesthatcomparedwithexistingmethods,ourmethodcanimprovetheachievablesumrateofCRusersaswellasreducetheoutageprobabilityofPRusers.

简介：与变化的流行延期敏感的服务，怎么为活动用户(亩)保证延期得到要求是为在绿云收音机存取网络(Crun)的downlinkbeamformer设计的大挑战。在这份报纸，我们与分离的率改编认为延期知道的downlinkbeamforming的问题最小化Crun的电源消费。我们经由一个混合整数处理这个问题非线性的节目(MINLP)，然后再用形式表示是的MINLP问题一个混合整数秒顺序锥程序(MI-SOCP)，它当整数变量作为连续的被放松时，是一个凸的程序。把明确的表达基于这，一个放气算法，其计算复杂性是多项式，被建议导出非最优的答案。模拟结果被介绍验证我们的建议算法的有效性。

简介：ThemultilevelmodulationtechniquesofM-DifferentialAmplitudePhaseShiftKeying(DAPSK)havebeenproposedincombinationwithTurbocodeschemefordigitalradiobroadcastingbandsbelow30MHzradiochannel.ComparisonofthismodulationmethodwithchannelcodinginanAdditiveWhiteGaussianNoise(AWGN)andmulti-pathfadingchannelshasbeenpresented.TheanalysisprovidesaniterativedecodingoftheTurbocode.

简介：Oneofthemainrequirementsofcognitiveradiosystemsistheabilitytodetectthepresenceoftheprimaryuserwithfastspeedandpreciseaccuracy.Toachievethat,apossibletwo-stagespectrumsensingschemeissuggestedinthispaper.Morespecifically,afastspectrumsensingalgorithmbasedontheenergydetectionisintroducedfocusingonthecoarsedetection.Acomplementaryfinespectrumsensingalgorithmadoptsone-ordercyclostationarypropertiesofprimaryuser'ssignalsintimedomain.Sincetheone-orderfeaturedetectionisperformedintimedomain,thereal-timeoperationandlow-computationalcomplexitycanbeachieved.Also,itdrasticallyreduceshardwareburdensandpowerconsumptionasopposedtotwo-orderfeaturedetection.Thesensingperformanceoftheproposedmethodisstudiedandtheanalyticalperformanceresultsaregiven.Theresultsindicatethatbetterperformancecanbeachievedinproposedtwo-stagesensingdetectioncomparedtotheconventionalenergydetector.

简介：Ⅰ.LiteralInterpretationof'PutonghuaClause'intheConstitutionArticle19(5)ofGeneralPrincipleofConstitutionofthePeople'sRepublicofChinastipulates,'ThestatepromotesthenationwideuseofPutonghua'.ThisistheconstitutionalnormintheexistingConstitutioninChinadirectlywithspokenlanguageasnormobject,withspecificnormconnotationandeffect.

简介：精制系统的一个水平地区的三维的热分析模拟为金者半导体材料被进行。考虑几何学包括充满金者在一个圆柱的石英试管放了的一只石墨船。Ar和H2气体混合的流动通过试管被清除。船的狭窄的节被假定暴露于在石英试管外面定位的rf卷生产的经常的热率。这分析的结果在系统关于象熔融的地区，要求的力量和温度坡度的形状那样的各种各样的参数提供必要信息。

简介：Zn_(1-x)Cu_xOthinfilmsweresynthesizedbytheradiofrequency(RF)magnetronsputteringtechniqueusingaZnOtargetcontainingdifferentpiecesofsmallCu-chips.X-raydiffraction(XRD)andscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM)wereemployedtoanalyzethecrystallineandmicrostructureofthefihn,andX-rayphotoelectronspectroscopy(XPS)wasusedtoestablishthebondingcharacteristicsandoxidationstatesofcopperinsidetheZnOhost.Roomtemperature(RT)ferromagnetismwasobservedintheZn_(1-x)Cu_xOfilmsbyaQuantumDesignsuperconductingquantmninterferencedevice(SQUID)andthesaturationmagneticmomentofthefilmswasfoundtodecreasewiththeincreaseinCucontent.

简介：AbstractSingle-domain antibodies have the characteristics of small molecular weight, strong tissue penetration, and high affinity, and are widely used to construct molecular probes for disease diagnosis and treatment. This article reviews molecular imaging studies including positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (CT), PET/CT, and fluorescent imaging of molecular probes composed of single-domain antibodies against eight esophageal squamous cell carcinoma biological targets. These 8 targets are highly expressed on the membrane of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells and include epidermal growth factor receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 3, hepatocyte growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, chemokine receptor 4, chemokine receptor 7, and carcinoembryonic antigen. The current problems and solutions are also discussed to provide a reference for future design of molecular imaging probes targeting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

简介：Thehigh-densitypopulationleadstocrowdedcities.Thefuturecityisenvisagedtoencompassalarge-scalenetworkwithdiverseapplicationsandamassivenumberofinterconnectedheterogeneouswireless-enableddevices.Hence,greentechnologyelementsarecrucialtodesignsustainableandfuture-proofnetworkarchitectures.Theyarethesolutionsforspectrumscarcity,highlatency,interference,energyefficiency,andscalabilitythatoccurindenseandheterogeneouswirelessnetworksespeciallyinthehomeareanetwork(HAN).Radio-over-fiber(ROF)isatechnologycandidatetoprovideaglobalviewofHAN’sactivitiesthatcanbeleveragedtoallocateorthogonalchannelcommunicationsforenablingwireless-enabledHANdevicestransmission,withconsideringtheclustered-frequency-reuseapproach.Ourproposednetworkarchitecturedesignismainlyfocusedonenhancingthenetworkthroughputandreducingtheaveragenetworkcommunicationslatencybyproposingadataaggregationunit(DAU).TheperformanceshowsthatwiththeDAU,theaveragenetworkcommunicationslatencyreducessignificantlywhilethenetworkthroughputisenhanced,comparedwiththeexistingROFarchitecturewithouttheDAU.

简介：WeconsidertheSignal-to-InterferenceplusNoiseRatio(SINR)balancingproblemin-volvingjointbeamfomingandpowerallocationintheCognitiveRadio(CR)network,whereintheSingle-InputMulti-OutputMultipleAccessChannels(SIMO-MAC)areassumed.Subjecttotwosetsofconstraints:theinterferencetemperatureconstraintsofPrimaryUsers(PUs)andthepeakpowerconstraintsofCognitiveUsers(CUs),alow-complexityjointbeamformingandpowerallocationalgo-rithmcalledSemi-DecoupledMulti-ConstraintPowerAllocationwithConstraintsPreselection(SDMCPA-CP)forSINRbalancingisproposed.Comparedwiththeexistingalgorithm,theproposedSDMCPA-CPcanreducethenumberofmatrixinversionsandmatrixeigendecompositionssignifi-cantly,especiallywhenlargenumbersofPUsandCUsareactive,whilestillprovidingtheoptimalbalancedSINRlevelforalltheCUs.

简介：Generalpurposeprocesser(GPP)basedsoftware-definedradio(SDR)platformsprovidewirelesscommunicationsystemengineerswithmaximalarchitectureflexibilityandversatilitytoconstructawidebandwirelesscommunicationsystem.Nevertheless,thelackofhardwarereal-timetimingcontrolmakesitdifficulttoachievetimesynchronizationbetweenthebasestationandtheterminals.Inthispaper,asoftware-basedtimesynchronization(STS)methodisproposedtorealizethetimesynchronizationoftimedivisionmultipleaccess(TDMA)basedwirelesscommunicationsystems.Ahighprecisionsoftwareclocksourceisfirstlyconstructedtomeasuretheelapseofprocessingtime.TheRound-TripDelay(RTD)algorithmisthenpresentedtocalculatetimingadvancevaluesandachievetimesynchronization.AnexampleTDMAsystemisimplementedonMicrosoftSoraplatformstoevaluatetheperformance.ExperimentsshowthattheproposedmechanismiseffectivetoenabletimesynchronizationforwidebandwirelesscommunicationsystemsonGPP-basedSDRplatforms.

简介：

简介：在这份报纸，我们在场一三维(3D)在为收音机频率的晶片水平的真空包装技术微机电的系统(RFMEMS)共鸣器，低损失的硅vias在被用来播送RF发信号。Au-Sn焊接结合被采用象电的导体一样提供真空封装。封装帽子的一个RF模型被建立评估包装的寄生效果，它提供3DRFMEMS封装的一个有效设计答案。与建议包装结构，24dB的signal-to-background比率(SBR)被完成，以及共鸣器的优秀因素(Q因素)在包装以后从8000～10400增加。包装共鸣器有线性频率温度(英尺)在在0楨?慰数?之间的一个温度范围特征?牵敶?牡?牰癯摩吗？？

简介：Theroleofpulseparametersonnanoparticlepropertyisinvestigatedself-consistentlybasedonacoupleoffluidmodelandaerosoldynamicsmodelinacapacitivelycoupledparallel-plateacetylene(C2H2)discharge.Inthismodel,themasscontinuityequation,momentumbalanceequation,andenergybalanceequationforneutralgasaretakenintoaccount.Thus,thethermophoreticforceariseswhenagastemperaturegradientexists.Thetypicalresultsofthismodelarepositiveandnegativeiondensities,electronimpactcollisionsrates,nanoparticledensity,andchargedistributions.Thesimulationisperformedfordutyratio0.4/0.7/1.0,aswellaspulsemodulationfrequencyfrom40kHzto2.7MHzforpureC2H2dischargesatapressureof500mTorr.Wefindthatthepulseparameters,especiallythedutyratio,haveagreataffectonthedissociativeattachmentcoefficientandthenegativedensity.Moreimportantly,bydecreasingthedutyratio,nanoparticlesstarttodiffusetothewall.Undertheactionofgasflow,nanoparticledensitypeakiscreatedinfrontofthepulseelectrode,wherethegastemperatureissmaller.

简介：WehavedevelopedaplasmaetchingsimulatortoinvestigatetheevolutionofpatternprofilesinSiO2materialunderdifferentplasmaconditions.Thismodelfocusesonenergyandangulardependentetchingyield(physicalsputteringinthispaper),neutralandionangulardistributions,andreflectionofionsorneutralsonthesurfaceofaphotoresistorSiO2.TheeffectofpositivechargeaccumulationonthesurfaceofinsulatedmaskorSiO2isstudiedandthechargeaccumulationcontributestoadeflectionofiontrajectory.Thewaferprofileevolutionhasbeensimulatedusingacellular-automata-likemethodunderradio-frequency(RF)biasanddirect-current(DC)bias,respectively.Onthebasisofthecriticalroleofangulardistributionofionsorneutrals,thewaferprofileevolutionhasbeensimulatedfordifferentvariancesofangles.Observedmicrotrenchinghasbeenwellreproducedinthesimulator.Theratioofneutralstoionshasbeenconsideredandtheresultshowsthatbecausetheneutralsarenotacceleratedbyanelectricfield,theirenergyismuchlowercomparedwithions,sotheyareeasilyreflectedonthesurfaceofSiO2,whichmakesthetrenchshallower.

简介：SpectrumsensingisoneofthekeytechnologiesinCognitiveRadios(CRs).Previousworksareaccomplishedundersimplechannelmodels,whichmayleadtounreliableresultswhenitappliedtotheover-the-airsystems.Inthispaper,weinvestigatetheperformanceofaMulti-ResolutionSpectrumSensing(MRSS)algorithmundermeasurement-basedchannelmodelsinChina.MRSSisawaveletbasedalgorithmwhichissuitablefornon-stationary,widebandsignalanalysis.Usingstatisticalmod-eling,measurement-basedchannelmodelsarepresentedundertypicalurbanandsuburbanscenariosinShanghai,China.Then,theperformanceoftheMRSSalgorithmisevaluatedunderthemeasure-ment-basedchannelmodels.Simulationresultsshowthat,usingMRSS,theperformanceisalwaysbetterinthescenarioswhereLine-Of-Sight(LOS)pathexist;also,inLOSscenarios,richscatteringeffecthelpstoincreasetheperformance.

简介：为了压制边带，multiband引起直角的频率部门multiplexing(MB-OFDM)的干扰基于认知收音机系统，边带信号的一个数学表达式被导出。基于这表情，在播送符号之中的限制，帮助压制干扰，被获得。与限制结合了，块涡轮代码调整计划的一种类型被建议。在调整计划，边带干扰快速被稀释。与另外的技术相比，在这个计划，干扰抑制更容易并且足够地被实现。同时，小点错误率(BER)表演能被改进。理论分析和模拟结果证明MB-OFDM-based认知收音机系统受不了瑞利褪色是高度适用的。

简介：Thefinite-dmerencetime-domam（FDTD）methodisproposedforanalyzingthesurfaceacousticwave（SAW）propagationintwo-dimensional（2D）piezoelectricphononiccrystals（PCs）atradiofrequency（RF）,andalsoexperimentsareestabhshedtodemonstrateitsanalysisresultofthePCs’bandgaps.TheFDTDmethodtakesthepiezoelectriceffectofPCsintoaccount,inwhichperiodicboundaryconditionsareusedtodecreasememory/timeconsumptionandtheperfectlymatchedlayerboundaryconditionsareadoptedastheSAWabsorberstoattenuateartificialreflections.TwoSAWdelaylinesareestabhshedwith/withoutpiezoelectricPCslocatedbetweeninterdigitaltransducers.Byremovingseveralechoeswithwindowgatingfunctionintimedomain,delaylinestransmissionfunctionisachieved.ThePCs’transmissionfunctionsandbandgapsareobtainedbycomparingtheminthesetwodelaylines.WhenAluminum/128°YX-LiNbO3isadoptedasscatterandsubstratematerial,thePCs’bandgapiscalculatedbythisFDTDmethodandCOMSOLrespectively.ResultsshowthatcomputationalresultsofFDTDagreewellwithexperimentalresultsandarebetterthanthatofCOMSOL.