简介：WiththeERA40reanalysisdailydatafor1958-2001,theglobalatmosphericseasonal-meandiabaticheatingandtransientheatingarecomputedbyusingtheresidualdiagnosisofthethermodynamicequation.Thethree-dimensionalstructuresforthetwotypesofheatingaredescribedandcompared.Itisdemonstratedthatthediabaticheatingisbasicallycharacterizedbystronganddeepconvectiveheatinginthetropics,shallowheatinginthemidlatitudesanddeepcoolinginthesubtropicsandhigh-latitudes.Thetropicaldiabaticheatingalwaysshiftstowardsthesummerhemisphere,butthemidlatitudeheatingandhigh-latitudecoolingtendtobestronginthewinterhemisphere.Ontheotherhand,thetransientheatingduetotransienteddytransferischaracterizedbyameridionaldipolepatternwithcoolinginthesubtropicsandheatinginthemid-andhigh-latitudes,aswellasbyaverticaldipolepatterninthemidlatitudeswithcoolingatlowerlevelsandheatinginthemid-andhigher-levels,whichgivesrisetoaslopedstructureinthetransientheatingorientedfromthelowerlevelsinthehighlatitudesandhigherlevelsinthemidlatitudes.Thetransientheatingiscloselyrelatedtoastormtrackalongwhichthetransienteddyactivityismuchstrongerinthewinterhemispherethaninthesummerhemisphere.InNorthernHemisphere,thetransientheatinglocatesinthewesternoceanicbasin,whileitiszonally-orientedinSouthernHemisphere,forwhichthetransientheatingandcoolingarefarseparatedoverSouthPacificduringthecoldseason.Thetransientheatingtendstocancelthediabaticheatingovermostoftheglobe.However,itdominatesthemid-troposphericheatinginthemidlatitudes.Therefore,theatmospherictransientprocessesacttohelptheatmospheregainmoreheatinthehigh-latitudesandinthemid-troposphereofmidlatitudes,reallocatingtheatmosphericheatobtainedfromthediabaticheating.

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简介：线加热方法广泛地被用来在轮船造里生产弄弯的表面。管理生产产品的质量的主要因素是加热来源的动人的速度，加热力量，并且加热方法。在这研究，激烈的板的温度分布与加热过程的线是自动的条件被调查。温度变化也与那些三个变量的变化被调查。当加热来源的动人的速度增加了，数字结果证明山峰温度减少了。它也表明山峰温度随着加热来源的变化线性地变化了。

简介：Owingtothedevelopmentofnewproductsandhigherrequirementofproductproperties,thecurrentexistinginductionheatingtechnologyofBaosteelcannolongersatisfythenewrequirementsoftheproductline.Controloftheinductionheatingtemperaturetoanappropriatevalueisakeyconsiderationininductionheatingtechnology.Toobtainacculturatedtemperatures,investigationswerefocusedontheparametersofaninductionheatingsystem,includingthoseofinductionheatingequipmentandheatingprocesses.Intheseinvestigations,computersimulationwasusedtomodeltheinductionheatingprocess,followedbyphysicalexperimentationtoverifyandimprovethesimulationmodel;finally,optimizedinductionheatingparametersweresuggested.Theuseofcomputersimulationsdramaticallydecreasedphysicalexperimentaltimes,andthecomputedheatingparameterswereusedtoguidethephysicalexperimentationanddesignoftheproductline;thisincreasedtheefficiencyofsubsequentinvestigations.ThisstudyfocusesonthedevelopmentofinductionheatingtechnologyinBaosteel,whichincludestheoverallinductionheatingtechnologyusedinmanufacturingbackuprollersandinthethermomechanicalcontrolprocess.

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简介：IntroductionAlthoughtheapplicationofmicrowavetechniquehasbeenreportedasanewtypeofenergysourcechemically,itisonlyinrecentyearsthatthistechniquehasbeenusedastheenergysourcefororganicsynthesis.In1986,R.Gedye,etal.,publishedthereportofthebenzoatesynthesisfromtherespectivereactionsbetweenbenzenecarboxylicacidandmethanol,propanolorbutanolundermicrowaveheatingandthecatalysisofH2SO4.

简介：China'seconomictonesettingconferencefor2009,annualCentralEconomicWorkConferencefromlastDe-cember8to10,pledgedtomaintainastable,healthygrowththisyearthroughdomesticdemandexpansionandeconomicrestructuring.Accordingtothecentralauthorities,in2009,Chinawillenhanceandimprovemacroeco-nomiccontroleffortsandcarryoutanactivefiscalpolicy,aswellasamoderatelyeasymonetarypolicy.Expendi-turesinpublicareaswillbe'substantiallyincreased'andthoseinmajorareaswouldbeguaranteed.Nomatterwhattheeconomicbackgroundlyingbehind,theNewYear,andChineseNewYeargreettoChinaandherpeopleasusual.ChineseNewYear(Chinese:春节,Chūnjíe;农历新年,NónglìXīnnián;or过年,Guònián),alsoknownastheLunarNewYearortheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantofthetraditionalChineseholidays,withnationalholidaysfromJanuary24to31thisyear.ButthiscelebrationperiodwilllasttillFebruary9,theLanternFestival,thefifteenthdayofthemonth.It'shightimetostimulatedomesticconsumption,accordingtothetoneofcentralEconomicWorkConference.Whatarethenewelementsandfeaturesin2009'sSpringFestivaleconomy?HowwillthesefeaturesaffectthetrendofChina'soverallfinanceandtrade?SpecialReportofChina'sForeignTradethisissuewillopenawindowtotheview.

简介：Thetemperaturedistributionofsteelplatesisaffectedbyheatingratesandheatingcurvesintheprocessofinductionheating.Themagneticfluxdensityinsidetheinductionfurnacewasmeasured,thedistributionofmagneticfluxdensitywasanalyzedandtheuniformareaoftheinductionheatingtemperaturedistributionwasascertained.Thelocationsformeasuringtemperatureweresetandthetemperatureindifferentprocesseswasmeasured.Theinfluenceofheatingratesandheatingcurvesonthetemperature...

简介：Inthispaper,thefrontogenesisforcedbydustradiativeheatingandtheradiativeeffectsofanisolatedduststorrnonafrontalcirculationsystemareexaminedbymeansoftwo-andthree-dimensionalnumericalmodels.Resultsindicatethatasaduststormbreaksout,frontogenesisiscausedinbydustradiativeheatingintheloweratmosphere.Amarkedisentropicpotentialtemperaturelayerisformedinthemiddletroposphere.Thelow-levelconvergenceoccursalongthedirectionofthefrontmovement.Atnight,dustradiativecoolingresultsinfrontolysisintheloweratmosphere.Anobviousverticalcirculationisforcedbyradiativeheatingofanisolatedduststormalongthedirectionofthepre-vailingwind.Itisstrongeratday,weakerandreverseatnight.Theresponseofthehorizontalwindfieldtodustradiativeforcingisdifferentatdifferentlevels.

简介：这份报纸在一个交流磁场与磁性的磁滞现象和机械活动性在小铁磁性的粒子的暂停在magnetodynamics和精力驱散上论述理论、试验性的研究。由在固体，液体或煤气的环境推迟并且使遭到了到高频率磁场的粒子的精力吸收具有为由过高热，化学技术，生物工学和聪明的材料科学的癌症治疗的大兴趣。在液体驱散的亚微米像针的-Fe2O3粒子与多达105A/m的紧张在这研究受到430Hz磁场。动态磁化环在平行被测量到在样品浪费的体力。粒子分散的联合magnetomechanical动力学被使用允许的一个chain-of-spheres模型模仿支离破碎的磁场颠倒。在液体分散，在千赫频率范围以内，粒子的机械活动性不防碍他们使热版本可比较到那的磁性的颠倒与固体观察了的hysteretic；例如，在用-Fe2O3的现在的学习，在液体的粒子使遭到了到展出的热版本每干燥粒子内容的1cm3从250评估直到600W的104Hz地。

简介：Howtousetheoventobakedeliciousfoodisthemostconcernedproblemofthedesignersandusersoftheoven.Forthisintent,thispaperanalyzedtheheatdistributionintheovenbasedonthebasicoperationprinciplesandproceededthedatasimulationofthetemperaturedistributionontheracksection.Constructingthedifferentialequationmodelofthetemperaturedistributionchangesinthepanwhentheovenworksbasedontheheatradiationandheattransmission,basedontheideaofutilizingcellularautomationtosimulateheattransferprocess,usedANSYSsoftwaretoproceedthenumericalsimulationanalysistotherectangular,round-corneredrectangular,ellipticalandcircularpansandgivingouttheinstantaneoustemperaturedistributionofthecorrespondingshapesofthepans.Thetemperaturedistributionoftherectangularandcircularpansprovesthattheproductgetsovercookedeasilyatthecornersandedgesofrectangularpansbutnotofaroundpan.

简介：Intheproductionofhotextrusionpipes,thebilletwillbeheatedinaninductionfurnace,beforepiercingorextrusion,toacertaintemperature.Theinductionheatingtemperaturefieldprofileinthebilletwillexertaninfluenceonthedeformationprocesses.ThestudyhasdevelopedandataconversionprogramtoconvertthetemperaturedatafrominductionheatingbyANSYStodeformationsimulationsoftwareDEFORM;therefore,notonlytherelativelyaccuratetemperaturefieldcanbemadeavailable,comparedwiththeusuallyassumeduniformtemperaturefield,butalsotheconnectionbetweeninductionheatinganddeformationcanbeestablished,whichisessentialtoevaluatetheprocessingparameters.Numericalsimulationofthepiercingprocessesofdifferenttemperaturefieldsbyinductionheatingwascarriedout,andtheresultshaveshownthatthedifferentinitialtemperaturefieldsinthebilletcanleadtodifferentdeformationcurves,whichindicatesthattheconversionprogramisnecessarytostudytheproductionprocessofhotextrusionpipes.

简介：Inthispaper,animprovementofheatingmethodformeasuringwetnessoftheflowingwetsteamisdeveloped,thebasicprincipleoftheheatingmethodispresentedandthemathematicalmodelhasbeenbuiltforanalyzingthethermodynamicsproblemsduringtheprocessofheating,Moreover,aninstrumentformeasuringwetnessofwetsteamflowwasdesignedandmadeout.ThisinstumenthasbeenusedformeasuringwetnessofthewetsteamflowattheoutletofthenozzleriginThermalTurbineLaboratory,Xi'anJiaotongUniversity,Byanalyzingtherelativeerroroftheresult,itwasfoundthatthisinstrumenthasfairlyhighaccuracy,itcanbeusedastheprototypeofpracticalinstrumentandhasanimportantapplicablevalueinengineering.

简介：线加热过程作为许多因素是很复杂的现象影响剩余变丑的数量。线为剩余变丑的预言加热的数字热、机械的分析是耗时的。在现在的工作，维的分析被介绍了在加热过程的线期间获得在输入参数和产生剩余变丑之间的一种新关系。为6公里，8公里，10公里和12公里的温度分发和剩余变丑厚钢盘子数字地被估计并且与试验性、出版的结果相比。通过一个验证FE模型产生的广泛的数据被用来由多重回归分析发现在输入参数和产生剩余变丑之间的合作关系。从变丑方程获得的结果在在100的顺序在计算时间与落下FE分析与那些作比较很好的这个工作发展了(为FE分析要求的计算时间在到9000秒的7200秒附近并且时间在哪儿为得到剩余要求了由发达方程的变丑仅仅是60～90秒)。关键词维的分析-3-D有限元素分析-elasto塑料的分析-剩余变丑-多重回归分析-氧乙决的煤气的火焰PankajBiswas在1979出生了。他是IITKharagpur的一个研究伙伴，OE&NA的系。他的当前的研究兴趣包括焊接并且装运生产，衬里加热、结构的分析，等等。NisithRanjanMandal在1954出生了。他是IITKharagpur的一个教授，OE&NA的系。他的当前的研究兴趣包括轮船生产，轮船设计，加热的线，大使硬的结构的焊接失真和焊接技术，等等。OmPrakashSha出生了1958。他是IITKharagpur的一个教授，OE&NA的系。他的当前的研究兴趣包括海洋的设计和生产，加热的线，CAD/凸轮，等等。

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简介：Inthispaper,thenonlinearstationarywavesforcedbytopographyanddiabaticheatingareinvestigated.Itispointedoutthat(1)thenonlinearinteractionofdifferentstationarywavesforcedonlybytopographymightformdipoleblockingintheatmosphere,thismightexplainthedipoleblockingappearedinthePacificandAtlanticregions;(2)thedipoleblockingcouldnotbecausedbythenonlinearinteractionofthedifferentstationarywavesforcedbythediabaticheatingalone;(3)thenonlinearinteractionofthediffferentstationarywavesforcedbybothtopographyanddiabaticheatingcouldinitiatedipoleblockingintheatmosphere.Inwinter,thedipoleblockingmainlyoccursinthewestregionsofthePacificandtheAtlantic,andtheheatsourceoverthewesternpartofthetwooceansisadvantageoustotheformationofdipoleblockinginthewestoftwooceans.However,insummer,thedipoleblockingcouldbeformedintheeastpartofthetwooceans,andtheheatsourceovertheeastern

简介：Thisstudywasconductedtoevaluatethecriticalthermalmaximum(CTMax),theroutinemetabolismrate(MO2)andthelimitingoxygensaturation(LOS)ofthreesalmonidswithfourdifferentbodyweightsrangingfrom16gto131g.TheCTMaxwasestimatedatthreedifferentheatingratesincluding0.5℃min^-1,1℃h^-1and2℃d^-1.ResultsshowedthattheCTMaxofmapletrout(Oncorhynchusmykiss)wasthehighest,whichwasfollowedbysteelheadtrout(O.mykiss)andAtlanticsalmon(Salmonsalar).TheCTMaxofthesalmonidfishdecreasedwiththeincrementofbodyweight,andwassignificantlyinfluencedbytheheatingrate.TheMO2ofthesalmonidfishincreasedwiththeincrementoftemperature,anddecreasedwiththeincrementofbodyweight.Suffocationpointsofthefishdecreasedwithincreasingbodyweightandtemperature.SteelheadtroutwasmoretoleranttohypoxiathanmapletroutandAtlanticsalmon,whiletheMO2ofAtlanticsalmonwasthehighestamongthesethreesalmonids.TheLOSofthefishgenerallyhadapositivetrendwithtemperatureandbodyweight,andtheLOSofsteelheadtroutwassignificantlylowerthanthatofmapletroutandAtlanticsalmon.Inconclusion,mapletroutwasthemosttolerantkindtohightemperature,whilesteelheadtroutwasthemosttoleranttohypoxiaamongthreekindsofsalmonids.Moreover,theabilitiestotoleratehighertemperatureofthreesalmonidswereaffectedbytheirbodyweightandtheheatingrate,whiletheabilitiestotoleratehypoxiawereinfluencedbytheirbodyweightandthewatertemperature.

简介：Amassofheatwillbegeneratedinsidethewoodbythedirectinteractionbetweenmicrowaveelectromagneticfiledandwatermoleculeorpolargroupinwood,whichcanbeusedtodrywoodquicklyorforthemodificationpretreatmentofwood.Basedonthephysicallawonheattransfer,amathematicalmodeltodescribethetemperatureprofilesofwoodduringmicrowavedryingwasestablishedandsimulatedinthisresearch.Theresultsshowedthatthetemperatureprofilesanditsuniformityinsidewoodaredependentonthemicrowaveheatingmethodsduringamicrowavedrying.Thetemperatureinsidewoodgraduallydecreasedalongthedirectionofmicrowavetransmissionwhentheunilateralmicrowaveheatingwasappliedduringwooddrying,andthecurveoftemperatureprofilesalongthethicknessdirectionofwoodisnotflat.Thetemperaturegradientwiththeinteriortemperaturehigherthantheoneinthesurfacelayerswaspresentedinsidewoodwhenthebilateralmicrowaveheatingwereappliedforwoodmicrowavedrying.Comparedwiththeunilateralmicrowaveheatingmethod,thetemperaturedistributionismoreuniformalongthethicknessdirectioninsidewoodforthebilateralmicrowaveheating.

简介：Abstract:Effectofmoisture-heatingtreatmentonthequalityofparboiledriceandprocessingoptimizationwerestudied.Resultsindicatedthattheriboflavinecontentofparboiledriceishigher,andthecolorislight,aromaisstrongandtheheadyieldratioishigherbysoakingwithacidandethanol,cookingathigh-pressureandthendryingwithhightemperature-highmoisture.Optimalprocessingparametersaresoakingpaddywithcitrateacidfor2h,thenwith1.5%ethanolfor1.5h,highpressurecookingfor30min,andthendryingunder55%RH,90~Cfor30min,coolingslowlyfor2.5h,andshellingandmillingimmediately.Headyieldratioandwholericeratiowas67.3%and87.0%respectively,thecoloroffinishedproductislight,ricearomaisstrong,andthecontentofriboflavineis2.47mg/100g.

简介：ThesupersonicductflowwithfixedbackpressuretostagnationpressureratioPb/P0underheatingisinvestigatedanalytically.A“FlowPatternDiagram”Whichconsistsofsixpatternzonesisdeveloped.BythisdiagramtheactualflowstateinsupersonicductflowsystemcanbedeterminedconvenientlywhenPb/Poandheatingintensityareknows.Itisimpossibleforflowwithheavyheatingtobecomesupersonic,eventhoughthepressureratioismuchsmallerthanthecriticalpressureratio,Basedontheanalogybetweenviscouseffectandheatingeffectathermaldragfactorhaseendefined.whichcanpredicttheflowpropertyvariationduetoheatingandtherelaiveimportanceofviscouseffectandheatingeffect.