简介：WhatisacredibleseismicprecursorinobservationofdeformationArealseismicprecursoroughttoberesultedfromthevariationsintheearthstrainandstress.Thedeformationobservationcanprovidetheinformationduringearthquakegestationandoccurrenceperiodforus.Usuallytheseismicprecursorscanbedividedintofieldandepicentralregionprecursors.Theprecursorinformationisveryusefulforseismicpredictionfromepicentralregionornearepicentralregion.Micro-deformationobservationmainlyincludestilt,strainandgravityobservation.ComparedwithGPS,geodesyandmobiledeformationobservation,micro-deformation(tilt,strain)showsthechangeofdeformationwhichiscontinualinalimitedvolumewithdominantobservedrangeof10(6~10(10m.Becausethevariationofthecrustalnatureandcrackingcanbedirectlyobtainedbymicro-deformationobservation,itisaneffectivewaytofindmiddle-shorttermandshort-termprecursor.

简介：ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＷｈｅｔｈｅｒｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｓｃａｎｂｅｐｒｅｄｉｃｔｅｄｏｒｎｏｔｉｓｓｔｉｌａｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｉｎｃｏｎｔｒｏｖｅｒｓｙｉｎｔｈｅｓｅｉｓｍｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｃｉｒｃｌｅ．Ａｔａｎｙｒａｔｅ，ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｐｅｏｐｌ...

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简介：Researchandapplicationofbigdatamining,atpresent,isahotissue.Thispaperbrieflyintroducesthebasicideasofbigdataresearch,analysesthenecessityofbigdataapplicationinearthquakeprecursorobservation,andprobescertainissuesandsolutionswhenapplyingthistechnologytoworkintheseismic-relateddomain.Bydoingso,wehopeitcanpromotetheinnovativeuseofbigdatainearthquakeprecursorobservationdataanalysis.

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简介：Boehmitesolissynthesizedviasol-gelprocessusingals,thenaddingsilicasolintoboehmitesoltopreparemulliteprecursorgels.XRDstudiesareperformedtocharacterizethegels.itisfoundthatthegelcanbetransformedintomullitewhencalcinedat1100℃andcompletedat1300℃.Corundum-mullitefirebrickswithdifferentadditionsofthemulliteprecursorgelaremadebymixing,semi-drypressingandthensinteringat1520℃.Apparentporosity,bulkdensity,flexuralstrengthandthermalshockresistancearemeasured.Resultsshowthatthemullitegelcanimprovedensificationandstrengthofcorundum-mullitefirebricks,especiallyenhancethethermalshockresistance.SEMmicrographsshowthatthegeladdedcanbeformedintoneedlelikeandelongatedmulliteinthematrix,whosemicromorphologycanenhancethestrengthandthermalshockresistanceofthesamples.

简介：ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＭａｎｙｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｓｈａｖｅｐｒｏｖｅｎｔｈａｔｔｈｅｒｅｅｘｉｓｔｅｄｓｈａｌｏｗｇｅｏｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅａｎｏｍａｌｉｅｓａｒｏｕｎｄｔｈｅｅａｒｔｈｑｕａｋｅｒｅｇｉｏｎｓｂｅｆｏｒｅｔｈｅｅｖｅｎｔｓｏｃ...

简介：ThegeomagneticdatarecordedbyKashiandJinghaiobservatoriesinChinawereanalyzedwithimprovedpolarizationmethod.Wecomparedtheresultaround0.01HzwhichisthoughttobeusefultodetecttheULFanomalywiththeresultaround0.1Hzwhichwasinferredfromtheearthquakedepthaccordingtotheskineffect,andfoundthat0.1HzismorepropertodetecttheULFanomalyforbothearthquakesstudiedinthispaper.

简介：Inthispaper,thefocusdepthdistributionofearthquakeswitheachmagnitudehasbeenanalyzed.Statisticdatashowthatthelowermagnitudeis,thewiderfocusdepthdistributes.Withlargermagnitude,thefocustendstobeconcentratedinupperormiddlecrustallayers.Weanalyzedthecauseoffocusdepthdistributionandexplainedtheprecursormechanismofsmallandmoderateearthquakeswithoccurringconditionandcharacteristicsofstrongearthquakes.Theresultsofthispapermaybeappliedtodeterminerisksitesofstrongearthquakes.

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简介：BasedontheAfKdVequationofXuetal.,atheoryontheveloci-tiesoftheprecursorsolitongenerationintwo-layerflowovertopographyispresentedinthepresentpaper.Movingvelocitiesofprecursorsolitons,ofthefirstzero-crossingofthetailingwavetrainandoftheflowbehindthetopographyarefoundtheoretically.Itisshownthatforagiventopography,whenitsmovingvelocitiesareattheresonantpoints,wehavethefollowingrules:theratioofthemovingvelocityoftheprecursorsolitonstothatofthefirstzero-crossingofthetailingwavetrainequals-4/3.Atthesametime,theratioofthewidthofgeneratingregionoftheprecursorsolitonstothatofthedepressedwaterregionequalsalso-4/3.Thetheoreticalresultsareexaminedbymeansofnumericalcalculation.Thecomparisonbetweenthetheoreticalandnu-mericalresultsarefoundingoodagreement.Fordifferentstratifiedparametersoftwo-layerflow,thevelocitiesoftheprecursorsolitongenerationarealsopredictedintermsofthepresenttheoreticalresults.

简介：Thesynthesisofultrafineceriumdioxideprecursorviahomogeneousprecipitationwasstudied.Mixedaqueoussolutionofanhydrousceriumnitrateandureawasfirstheatedto85℃for2h,andthepreparedsuspensionwasthenagedatroomtemperatureforvariousperiodsoftime.Whiteprecipitatewasfinallycollectedbycentrifugingandwashedwithdistilledwaterandanhydrousethanol.Theobtainedceriumdioxide(CeO2)precursorwasobservedwithSEM.Itwasfoundthatthemorphologyandsizeoftheprecursorwerestronglyaffectedbyagingtimeandstirringconditions(withorwithoutstirring).Theprecipitatedfinesphericalparticlesoftheprecursorchangedtheirshapefromellipsetosliceordirectlytoslice.Finesphericalmonodispersed(300nm)precursorpowderscouldbeobtainedbycontrollingtheagingtime.Stirringthesolutionalsocouldchangethereactionprocessandthusthemorphologyandsizeoftheprecursorwerechanged.

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简介：Withtheaimtothequantificationofanomalyidentificationandextractionforobservedoranalyzedrecords,wepresenttwostatisticalmethodsofearthquakecorrespondingrelevancyspectrum(ECRS)andslidingmeanrelevancy(SMR).WithECRSmethod,wecanobtaintheabnormalconfidenceattributeofdataindifferentvalueranges.Basedontherelevancyspectrumindifferentstudiedtime-intervals,weconverttheoriginaltimesequenceintorelevancytimesequence,andcanobtaintheSMRtimeseriesbyusingthemulti-pointcumulativeslidingmeanmethod.Thenwecanidentifytheseismicprecursoranomaly.Wetestthismethodbytakingthetimesequenceofη-valueinthenorthernTianshanregionasoriginaldata.Theresultshowsthatwhenthestudiedtime-intervalis18months,theprecursoranomalycanbeidentifiedbetterfromslidingmeanrelevancy.Theanomalycorrespondingrateis83percent,theearthquakecorrespondingrateis86percent,andtheanomalyischaracteristicofthemiddleterm.Totrytheresearchonmulti-parametercomprehensiveapplication,wetaketheKalpintectonicblockinXinjiangasourstudiedregion,andanalyzethespatialandtemporalabnormalcharactersofmulti-parameterslidingextreme-valuerelevancy(MSER)beforemid-strongearthquakesintheKalpinblock.TheresultindicatesthatECRSandSMRsequenceindifferenttime-intervalscannotonlybeusedtoidentifytheprecursoranomalyofsingle-itemdata,butalsoofferthedataofquantitativesingle-itemanomalyforcomprehensiveearthquakeanalysisandprediction.

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简介：ＴｈｅｓｙｎｔｈｅｔｉｃａｌｅｌａｓｔｉｃｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｐａｒａｍｅｔｅｒｓｏｆｅａｒｔｈｔｉｄｅａｎｄｉｔｓａｂｎｏｒｍａｌｐｒｅｃｕｒｓｏｒｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎＹＡＮ－ＢＩＮＺＨＡＮＧ（张雁滨）ＪＵＮＪＩＡＮＧ（蒋骏）ＸＵ－ＤＯＮＧＬ...

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简介：TheaimofthisstudyistofindtheexperimentalevidencethattheprecursorfrequencyofalloreactiveCTLsisproportionaltothenumberoftheT-cellepitopespecificities.ThenumberofT-cellepitopespecificitieswasmanipulatedbypulsingdifferentnumberofHLA-A2restrictedpeptide(s)ontotheT2cells,whichactedasstimulatingcellstoelicitallo-reactionbyco-culturingwithperipheralbloodlymphocytes(PBLs)ofHLA-A2negativeindividual.TenHLA-A2restrictedpeptides(allwerenormalcellcomponents)weresynthesized,andcellpeptideextractwaspreparedbyfrozenandthawed.T2cellsloadedwithdifferentnumberofpeptide(s)wereco-culturedwithPBLsofanHLA-A2negativeindividual;thelatterwerestainedwithPKH67inadvance.Thentheproliferationwasmonitoredwithflowcytometry,andtheprecursorfrequencyoftheeffectorcellswasanalyzedbytheModFitSoftware.After6dofculture,noproliferationwasobservedinthebulkcultureofPBLalone,andobviousproliferationtookplacewhenPBLsoftheHLA-A2negativewereco-culturedwithT2cellsloadedwithorwithoutloadingpeptide(s).TheprecursorfrequencyofthealloreactiveCTLswas0.052819forco-culturewithT2cellsloadedwithoutpeptide;howeveritwas0.030429forT2cellswithEBV/LMP2Aand0.030528forT2cellsloadedwithasingleautogeneicpeptide,andincreasedupto0.144942forT2cellsloadedwith10autogeneicpeptides;theprecursorfrequencywas0.203649whenco-culturedwithT2cellsloadedwithmiscellaneouspeptidesextractedfromthecytoplasmofT2cells.ThisstudyrevealsthattheprecursorfrequencyofalloreactiveCTLsisproportionaltothenumberofT-cellepitopespecificities,andindependentofthedensityoftheallogeneicHLAClassⅠmolecule.OurfindingssupportthehypothesisthatthealloreactiveTcellpopulationscomprisemiscellaneousTcellclones;eachisspecifictocorrespondingpMHC.ThenovelconstellationofpeptidespresentedbyallogeneicMHCmoleculesmakesthous

简介：Ceriasphereswithdifferentsizesandsulfurizedproductswithcorrespondingmorphologywerepreparedbyhydrothermalandgas-solidreactionmethodat600–800°CunderCS2atmosphereforashorttime,respectively.Dimensionaleffectinpreparationofγ-Ce2S3wasfirstlyinvestigatedbymeansoftechniquessuchasscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM),X-raydiffraction(XRD),thermalgravimetricanalysis(TGA)andspectrophotometer.Theresultsshowedthatwhenceriananoparticleswithsmallsizewereusedasprecursors,theγ-Ce2S3couldbepreparedatthelowertemperatureandthebadlysinteredproductswereobtained;whenceriananoparticleswithlargesizewereemployedasprecursors,pureγ-Ce2S3wasdifficultlyobtainedevenifthetemperaturewasupto800°Candtheproductstendedtokeeptheiroriginalsize.Theheat-resistancepropertyoftheγ-Ce2S3withlargesizewasbetterthanthesmallerone,andthepureγ-Ce2S3preparedfromprecursorwithsmallsizehadagoodpigmentaryperformance.