简介:Inthispaper,wetheoreticallyandnumericallystudyacombinedmonopole–dipolemeasurementmodetoshowitscapabilitytoovercometheissuesencounteredinconventionalsingle-wellimaging,i.e.,thelowsignal-to-noiseratioofthereflectionsandazimuthambiguity.First,theazimuthambiguity,whichexistsextensivelyinconventionalsingle-wellimaging,issolvedwithanimprovedimagingprocedureusingcombinedmonopole–dipoleloggingdatainadditiontoconventionalloggingdata.Furthermore,wedemonstratethatthedirectwavespropagatingalongtheboreholeswithstrongenergy,canbeeffectivelyeliminatedwiththeproposedcombinedmonopole–dipolemeasurementmode.Thereflectionsarethereforepredominantinthecombinedmonopole–dipoledataevenbeforethesignalsarefiltered;thus,thereflections’arrivaltimesineachreceiverareidentified,whichmayhelpminimizethedifficultiesinfilteringconventionalloggingdata.Theoptimizedprocessingflowofthecombinedmeasurementmodeloggingimageisgiveninthispaper.Theproposedcombinedmonopole–dipolemeasurementmodemayimprovetheaccuracyofsingle-wellimaging.
简介:在过去的十年中,传统的全波形反演(FWI)已广泛应用于实际地震资料的生产和研究中。虽然基础理论已确立,并通过将地震资料和精确求解波动方程得到的模拟地震波曲线之间的失配最小化产生高分辨率的地下模型,但是在实际工作中,对于更新模型参数来讲它仍然是一个具有挑战性的反演法。尽管可以用局部优化法解决最小化问题,但是由于问题的不适定性和非线性,会不可避免地朝着局部极小值进行收敛,如由于在记录的资料或不准确的初始模型中缺少低频FWI可能会收敛到局部最小。提出了一种用重构波场进行时间域全波形反演新方法(RFWI)。RFWI减小了正演模型数据精确求解波动方程作为常规FWI的约束,代之以使用一个l2近似解。通过最小化的目标函数(包括对数据失配和波动方程误差的惩罚),RFWI对地球模型进行估算并共同重建正演波场。通过扩大搜索空间,RFWI具有避免跳周期和克服一些与局部极小值相关的问题的能力。本文首先介绍了时域RFWI理论和实现情况,讨论了常规FWI和RFWI之间的异同;然后用2D合成实例证明了超越传统FWI的RFWI所具有的优点;最后在刚果海上2D拖缆数据集和墨西哥湾3D海底地震数据集上对RFWI在野外资料的应用情况进行了证明。
简介:摘要目的将能谱CT单能量成像诊断方法应用于胆道系统X线阴性结石患者中,分析和评价应用效果。方法本文研究目标是2016年1月至2017年12月开展分析和临床诊断的32例胆道系统X线阴性结石患者,分组方法参考随机数字法,常规CT诊断方法实施于参照组(16例),能谱CT单能量成像诊断方法实施于实验组(16例),计算并研究2组患者的检出合计率、检验满意合计率。结果参照组患者的检出合计率参比于实验组患者计算得到的数值,P<0.05,表现出数据值检验和分析的统计学意义,参照组患者的检验满意合计率参比于实验组患者计算得到的数值,P<0.05,表现出数据值检验和分析的统计学意义。结论胆道系统X线阴性结石患者采取能谱CT单能量成像诊断方法获得良好效果。
简介:Theattenuationfactororqualityfactor(Q-factororQ)hasbeenusedtomeasuretheenergyattenuationofseismicwavespropagatinginundergroundmedia.ManymethodsareusedtoestimatetheQ-factor.WeproposeamethodtocalculatetheQ-factorbasedontheprestackQ-factorinversionandthegeneralizedS-transform.TheproposedmethodspecifiesastandardprimarywaveletandcalculatesthecumulativeQ-factors;then,itfindstheinterlaminarQ-factorsusingtherelationbetweenQandoffset(QVO)andtheDixformula.TheproposedmethodisalternativetomethodsthatcalculateinterlaminarQ-factorsafterhorizonpicking.Becausethefrequencyspectrumofeachhorizoncanbeextractedcontinuouslyona2Dtime–frequencyspectrum,themethodiscalledthecontinuousspectralratioslope(CSRS)method.ComparedwiththeotherQ-inversionmethods,themethodoffersnearlyeffortlesscomputationsandstability,andhasmathematicalandphysicalsignificance.WeusenumericalmodelingtoverifythefeasibilityofthemethodandapplyittorealdatafromanoilfieldinAhdeb,Iraq.TheresultssuggestthattheresolutionandspatialstabilityoftheQ-profileareoptimalandcontainabundantinterlaminarinformationthatisextremelyhelpfulinmakinglithologyandfluidpredictions.