简介:Apeer-to-peer(P2P)networkisadistributedapplicationarchitecturewhichprovidesmanyattractivefeatures,suchasavailability,self-organization,load-balancing,andanonymity.However,P2Pnetworkhascreatedsignificantproblemstonetworkoperatorsbygeneratinglargevolumesofinterautonomoussystem(inter-AS)traffic.FocusingontheBitTorrentswarmingprotocol,thispaperproposesanapproachwhichaimstoreduceP2Pgeneratedinter-AStraffic.Inparticular,theapproachcanreduceinter-AStrafficby50%to70%.Moreover,itcanimprovethedownloadingspeedby60%forthepopulartorrents.Theevaluationshowsthatcontrolledregional-basedcontentsreplicationcaneffectivelyachievethisgoal.Furthermore,theapproachisincrementallydeployable.NetworkregionsinwhichthesystemgetsdeployedcansolvetheirP2Pgeneratedinter-AStrafficproblemsautonomously,i.e.,withoutanyInternetserviceproviders-collaborationandanyrequirement,thesystemcanbedeployedintheentireInternet.
简介:<正>Lookingthroughanyexercisesciencejournalstoday,infactanysciencejournalsincludingmanytopScienceCitationIndex(SCI)journals,onecaneasilyfindexamplesofthewide-spread"p<0.05/significance"abusephenomenon,i.e.,ifthepvaluefromastatistical/hypothesistestislessthan0.05(or0.01sometimes),aconclusionthat"theresults/findingsaresignificant"isthendrawn.Theabuseissoseverethatitisalreadyseriouslythreateningtheintegrityofscientificinquiry.
简介:组G的Wielandt亚群,由w(G)表示了,是G的所有低于正常的亚群的normalizers的交叉。在这份报纸,作者为每整数i为最大的班G,为所有整数i的任何一个wi(G)=i(G)或wi(G)=i+1(G)的p组显示出那,并且为在有K1的G的每正常亚群K的w(G/K)=(G/K)。同时,为最大的班的常规p组的一个必要、足够的条件令人满意的w(G)=2(G)被给。最后,如果G是有基本z(G)的non-abelianp组,作者证明力量自守组PAut(G)是基本abelianp组?\mho1(G)\zeta(G)\cap\mho_1(G)。
简介:让M与部分弯曲歧管的n维的完全的noncompactRiemannian从在下面被围住,d瑥物浥湥?牡?牰癯摩摥椠?汣獯摥映牯獭