简介:2006年,在国家食品药品监督管理局的医疗器械注册工作中,围绕医用电气产品执行GB9706.1标准问题产生了一场风波,经历了反复讨论和一些注册项目的长时间延误。详细解剖一下GB9706.1标准问题的由来和性质,可以帮助我们理清标准和法规之间应有的关系。
简介:Objective:Toobservetheinfluenceofelectroacupuncture(EA)atdifferenttimeinadayonthenumberofduodenalendocrinecells(argentaffincells)inrats.Methods:Forty-eightmaleWistarratswereevenlyrandomizedintocontrolandelectroacupuncture(EA)groupswhichwerefurtherdividedinto5∶00,11∶00,17∶00and23∶00subgroupsrespectively.EA(4-16Hzinthefrequency,3Vinthestrength,intermittentdense-sparsewaves,anddurationof20min)wasappliedtobilateral"Huantiao"(环跳GB30)at5∶00o'clock,11∶00o'clock,17∶00o'clockand23∶00o'clockseparatelyfordifferentsubgroups.AfterEA,theanimalswerekilledatonceforsamplingthemiddlepartofduodenumwhichwasfixedin10%formalinfor2hours,thenembedinparaffin.Thetissuewascutintosections(10μm),mountedonglassslidesandthenprocessedaccordingtoGrimelius'smethods.Results:ThenumberofargentaffincellsinEAgroupwassignificantlyfewerthanthatincontrolgroupatthesametime-window(23∶00,P<0.05).NosignificantdifferenceswerefoundbetweencontrolandEAgroupsinthenumberofcellsatothertimewindow(5∶00,11∶00and17∶00o'clock,P>0.05),suggestingthatEAof"Huantiao"canmarkedlypromotethesecretionactivityofendocrinecellsat11∶00o'clockduringnight.Conclusion:TheresultssuggestthattheeffectsofEAaredifferentatdifferenttimewindowinaday.
简介:Anumberofpreviousstudiesofacupunctureacupointspecificityhaveusedshamacupoints,shamacupunctureormeridianacupointsatagreatdistancefromeachotherascontrolsinfunctionalMRI(fMRI)experiments.However,fewstudieshavecompareddifferentmeridianacupointswithinthesamesegment,whichareassociatedwithsimilarlyintenseneedlesensations.WeperformedfMRIon12healthyyoungvolunteersandobserveddifferencesinbrainactivationelicitedbyacupunctureoftheTaixi(KI3)andQiuxu(GB40)acupoints.AcupuncturewasappliedattheTaixiandQiuxuacupoints,usingamultiple-blockfMRIdesignwiththreeblocks,involvingthreealternationsofrestingandtaskphases.Afterscanning,needlesensationwasassessed.ThebehavioralresultsrevealedthatthesubjectiveneedlesensationwassimilarbetweentheTaixiandQiuxuacupoints.ThefMRIresultsrevealedthatacupunctureattherightTaixiacupointactivatedtherightsuperiortemporalgyrus(BA22),leftmiddlefrontalgyrus(BA46)andinferiorfrontalgyrus(BA45),bilateralparietallobepostcentralgyrus(BA2),rightparietallobe(BA3),andleftparietallobe(BA40).AcupunctureattherightQiuxuacupointactivatedtheleftsuperiortemporalgyrus(BA42),rightparietallobepostcentralgyrus(BA40,BA43),rightinferiorfrontalgyrus(BA47),bilateralsuperiortemporalgyrus(BA22),andrightinsulaBA13.TheseresultssuggestthattherightTaixiandQiuxuacupointsactivateddifferentbrainareas.
简介:全血及成分血质量要求(GB18469-2012)(以下简称国标)由卫生部联合国家标准化管理委员会于2012年5月11日发布,7月1日实施。2012年2月卫生部颁布血站技术操作规程(2012版)(以下简称规程),对献血者健康检查、全血采集、血液成分制备、
简介:摘要目的研究松江区医疗机构贯彻、执行《医院消毒卫生标准》(GB15982-2012)的实际情况。方法是选取松江区15家医疗机构医院感染管理重点部门手术室、消毒供应室、消化内镜室、口腔科作为调查对象,以问卷调查形式对松江区15家医疗机构的120名工作人员进行标准认知度调查,并对手术室空气环境、物体表面、医护人员手,消毒供应室物体表面、医护人员手,消化内镜室物体表面、消化道内镜外表面、内腔面,口腔科物体表面、医护人员手采样检测细菌菌落总数。结果所调查的15家医疗机构中,了解该标准的工作人员占76.0%,2009年至2014年间采样检测样本的合格率分别为93.4%、94.9%、97.7%、99.3%、96.2%、97.6%。结论本研究较全面的了解松江区医疗机构执行GB15982-2012的现况,为下一步指导医疗机构消毒卫生管理工作提供依据。
简介:Mostmigrainepatientssufferfromcutaneousallodynia;however,theunderlyingmechanismsareunclear.Calcitoningene-relatedpeptide(CGRP)playsanimportantroleinthepathophysiologyofmigraine,anditistherefore,apotentialtherapeutictargetfortreatingthepain.Inthepresentstudy,aratmodelofconsciousmigraine,inducedbyrepeatedelectricalstimulationofthesuperiorsagittalsinus,wasestablishedandtreatedwithelectroacupunctureatFengchi(GB20)(depthof2–3mm,frequencyof2/15Hz,intensityof0.5–1.0mA,15minutes/day,for7consecutivedays).ElectroacupunctureatGB20significantlyalleviatedthedecreaseinhindpawandfacialwithdrawalthresholdsandsignificantlylessenedtheincreaseinthelevelsofCGRPinthetrigeminalganglion,trigeminalnucleuscaudalisandventroposteriormedialthalamicnucleusinratswithmigraine.NoCGRP-positivecellsweredetectedinthetrigeminalnucleuscaudalisorventroposteriormedialthalamicnucleusbyimmunofluorescence.Ourfindingssuggestthatelectroacupuncturetreatmentamelioratesmigrainepainandassociatedcutaneousallodyniabymodulatingthetrigeminovascularsystemascendingpathway,atleastinpartbyinhibitingCGRPexpressioninthetrigeminalganglion.
简介:Injuryofankleisthemostcommoninathleticinjury.Becauseofanatomicparticu-larityofanklejoint,i.e.lateralmalleolusislongandthinandislocatedattheposteriorandlowerthanmedialmalleolus.Themedialmalleolusisbroadandflatandislocatedattheanterior.Lateralligamentisthinnerandweakerthanmedialligamentandthemusclegroupssupportingstrephexopodiaisfarinferi-ortothemusclegroupssupportingstrephenopodiainstrength,injuryofanklejointhappensmoreatinversionsprainandin-juryofanteriortalofibularligamentisinducedoften.Thus,rapidandeffectivetreatmentofanteriortalofibularligamentinjurycanelevatebetterathleticsofsportsman.Wheneverthediseasehappenedinstudentstoexercise,theauthorsoftenusedacupunctureofQiuxu(GB40)-through-Zhaohai(KI6)pointwithstrongstimulativemanipulation,whichcouldrelievemoreremakedlypainoftheanklejointcausedbyanteriortalofibularligamentinjuryasre-portedinthe