简介：ObjectiveToinvestigatetheprotectiveeffectsofsoundconditioningagainstsubsequenthigh-levelnoisetraumainrats.MethodRatswereexposedtoa4kHzoctavebandnoiseat95dBSPLfor10hours,thentoatraumaticexposuredose(105dBSPLfor13hours)delivered12hlater.Controlanimalswereexposuredtothetraumaticdoseonly.ABRthresholdswereobtainedbeforeandafternoiseexposure.ResultAnimalsthathadbeensoundconditioneddemonstratedlessABRthresholdshiftcomparedtothosethathadnot.ConclusionModeratelevelsoundexposureappearstohaveatougheningeffectontheratcochlea(or'conditioning')leadingtodecreasedhearinglossfromsubsequenttraumaticexposure.

简介：Thereisgrowingevidencesuggeststhatnoise-inducedcochleardamagemayleadtohyperexcitabilityinthecentralauditorysystem(CAS)whichmaygiverisetotinnitus.However,thecorrelationbetweentheonsetoftheneurophysiologicalchangesintheCASandtheonsetoftinnitushasnotbeenwellstudied.Toinvestigatethisrelationship,chronicelectrodeswereimplantedintotheauditorycortex(AC)andsoundevokedactivitiesweremeasuredfromawakeratsbeforeandafternoiseexposure.Theauditorybrainstemresponse(ABR)wasusedtoassessthedegreeofnoise-inducedhearingloss.Tinnituswasevaluatedbymeasuringgap-inducedprepulseinhibition(gap-PPI).Ratswereexposedmonaurallytoahigh-intensitynarrowbandnoisecenteredat12kHzatalevelof120dBSPLfor1h.Afterthenoiseexposure,alltheratsdevelopedeitherpermanent(>2weeks)ortemporary(<3days)hearinglossintheexposedear(s).TheACamplitudesincreasedsignificantly4hafterthenoiseexposure.Mostoftheexposedratsalsoshoweddecreasedgap-PPI.Thepost-exposureACenhancementshowedapositivecorrelationwiththeamountofhearingloss.Theonsetoftinnitus-likebehaviorwashappenedaftertheonsetofACenhancement.

简介：ObjectiveToexplorethevalueofcomputedtomographyvirtualendoscopy(VE)inassessingossicularchaindisruptionintemporalbonefractureandeartraumawithintacttympanum.MethodsHighresolutionspiralcomputerizedtomography(CT)wascompletedin35casesoftemporalbonefractureand5casesoftympanumtrauma,allwithintactorhealedtympanum.Three-dimensionalreconstructionwascompletedus-ingavirtualendoscopysoftware.Audiologicaltestswereconductedinallpatientsandevaluationoffacialnerveinjuryinpatientswithfacialparalysis.Patientswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchainsublux-ationonVE,andnofacialparalysisweretreatedconservativelyfor4-12weekswithrepeatedhearingevalu-ation;thosewithfacialparalysisunderwentsurgeryifnorecoveryafter4-8weeksofconservativetreat-ment.Patientswithmoderatetosevereconductivehearinglossormixedhearingloss,incuslongprocessfractureordislocationonVEandfacialparalysis,underwentossicularchainreconstructionandfacialnervedecompressionafterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,orexploratorytympanotomyonlyifnofacialpa-ralysis.VE,audiologicaltestsandfacialnervefunctiontestswererepeatedin3-6monthsaftersurgery.Re-sultsOfthe6caseswithmildconductivehearingloss,ossicularchainsubluxationandnofacialparalysis,3recoveredtonormalhearingspontaneouslyand3showednosignificantimprovement,after4-12weeksofconservativetreatment.Afterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,3ofthe12caseswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchaindislocationonVEandfacialparalysisrecoveredtonormalhearingandHouse-Brackmann(HB)gradeIfacialfunctionfromHBgradeII,4showedfacialfunctionrecoverytoHBgradeI(n=2)orII(n=2)fromHBgradeIIIbutnohearingrecovery,and5gainednorecoveryandwentontoreceiveexploratorytympanotomyandfacialnervedecompression.The11caseswithmoderatetosevereconductivedeafness,incuslongprocessfr

简介：Thewaltzingguineapigmaybeagoodmodeltoinvestigateifgeneticfactorcanchangethesensitivityinnoise-inducedhearingloss.Atotalof34waltzigguineapigswerestudiedandwefoundthatthereisnoanysignificantincreasedsensitivitytonoisetraumaiftheage-inducedhearinglosswasconsideredinwaltz-ingguineapig.

简介：ObjectiveToexplorethevalueofcomputedtomographyvirtualendoscopy(VE)inassessingossicularchaindisruptionintemporalbonefractureandeartraumawithintacttympanum.MethodsHighresolutionspiralcomputerizedtomography(CT)wascompletedin35casesoftemporalbonefractureand5casesoftympanumtrauma,allwithintactorhealedtympanum.Three-dimensionalreconstructionwascompletedusingavirtualendoscopysoftware.Audiologicaltestswereconductedinallpatientsandevaluationoffacialnerveinjuryinpatientswithfacialparalysis.Patientswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchainsubluxationonVE,andnofacialparalysisweretreatedconservativelyfor4-12weekswithrepeatedhearingevaluation;thosewithfacialparalysisunderwentsurgeryifnorecoveryafter4-8weeksofconservativetreatment.Patientswithmoderatetosevereconductivehearinglossormixedhearingloss,incuslongprocessfractureordislocationonVEandfacialparalysis,underwentossicularchainreconstructionandfacialnervedecompressionafterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,orexploratorytympanotomyonlyifnofacialparalysis.VE,audiologicaltestsandfacialnervefunctiontestswererepeatedin3-6monthsaftersurgery.ResultsOfthe6caseswithmildconductivehearingloss,ossicularchainsubluxationandnofacialparalysis,3recoveredtonormalhearingspontaneouslyand3showednosignificantimprovement,after4-12weeksofconservativetreatment.Afterconservativetreatmentfor4-8weeks,3ofthe12caseswithmildconductivedeafness,ossicularchaindislocationonVEandfacialparalysisrecoveredtonormalhearingandHouseBrackmann(HB)gradeIfacialfunctionfromHBgradeII,4showedfacialfunctionrecoverytoHBgradeI(n=2)orII(n=2)fromHBgradeIIIbutnohearingrecovery,and5gainednorecoveryandwentontoreceiveexploratorytympanotomyandfacialnervedecompression.The11caseswithmoderatetosevereconductivedeafness,incuslongprocessfractureordis

简介：LedbyfourgenerationsofleadershipfromlateProf.JIANGSichang(academician,ChineseAcademyofEngineering),Prof.YANGWeiyan(HonoraryPresident,DivisionofOtolaryngologyHeadandNeckSurgery,ChineseMedicalAssociation),Prof.HANDongyi(PresidentElected,DivisionofOtolaryngologyHeadandNeckSurgery,ChineseMedicalAssociation)tonowProf.YANGShiming(President,DivisionofOtolaryngologists,